CBSE Question Bank -III

1. Define SHM
Ans: The given motion is said to be SHM, if it is a to and fro motion, where acceleration is directed
towards fixed point, and it is directly proportional to it’s displacement.
2. Define linear SHM
Ans: If a particle executes SHM along a straight line then it is said to be linear SHM.
3. Define angular SHM
Ans If a particle executes SHM along a circular path then its motion is said to be angular SHM.
4. what is basic equation for linear SHM
Ans: a=-𝜔2 𝑦 is known as basic equation for SHM
5. what is the basic equation for angular SHM
Ans: 𝛼 = −𝜔2 𝜃 is known as basic equation for angular SHM.
6 What is the length of simple pendulum which ticks the seconds
Ans: The simple which ticks the seconds is known as second’s pendulum whose time period is two
seconds. It’s length is 100 cm
𝑔 𝑇2
Length of the seconds pendulum (l) = 4𝜋2 =1m (T=2 S, g≈ 4𝜋 2 )
7. On factors time period of of simple pendulum depends
Ans: Time period of a simple pendulum depends on
(i) length of the pendulum(l)
(ii) Acceleration due to gravity at that place(g)
8. On what factors time period of simple pendulum doesn’t depend
Ans: Time period of a simple pendulum doesn’t depend on
(i) mass of the bob (ii) shape of the bob (iii) size of the bob and (iv) amplitude of the oscillation
9 Can a simple pendulum be used in an artificial satellite or in a freely falling lift.
Ans No, because the time period of a simple pendulum doesn’t oscillate in artificial satellite or in a freely
falling lift.
10. A girl is swinging a swing in the sitting position. What shall be the effect on the frequency of
oscillation if the stands up
Ans: Frequency of oscillations is increased.
11. The displacement of particle executing SHM is given by y = A sin(ωt + φ). find velocity and
acceleration of the particle.
𝑑𝑦
Ans: 𝑣 = = Aω cos(ωt+φ)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑2 𝑦
a= 𝑑𝑡 2 = -Aω2 sin(ωt+φ)
12. The displacement of the particle is executing SHM is given by y=0.01 sin (πt +π/6) m. Find (a)
Amplitude (ii) angular velocity (iii) frequency (iv) initial displacement (v) max velocity and (vi) max.
acceleration
Ans: (i) Amplitude =0.01 m
(ii) Angular velocity (ω)= π rad/s
(iii) frequency (f) =ω/2π = 0.5 Hz
(iv) Initial displacement =A sin(φ)=0.005 m
(v) Maximum velocity = ω A=0.01 π m/s
(vi) Maximum acceleration =ω2A=0.01 π2.
13. What is the nature of the graph drawn between displacement and velocity of particle executing SHM
Ans: Ellipse
14 What is the nature of the graph drawn between velocity and acceleration of particle executing SHM.
Ans: Ellipse
15 What is the nature of the graph drawn between displacement and acceleration of particle executing
SHM
Ans Straight line
16 On what factors time of loaded spring depends?
Ans (i) mass of the load and (ii) spring constant of the spring
17 On what factors the time period of a loaded spring doesn’t depend?
Ans Acceleration due to gravity
18 A spring of constant K is cut in two pieces whose lengths are in the ration of 2:3. Find the spring
constant of each piece
Ans: K1i1=k2l2=k(l1+l2)
let l1=2 and l2=3 and k1 and k2 are the spring constant of each piece
K1=5k/2 and k2=5k/3
19 Two springs each of spring constant K1 and K2 respectively are connected in series. Find the
effective spring constant of the combination.
Ans: k1k2/k1+k2
20 Two springs each of spring constant K1 and K2 respectively are connected in paralle. Find the
effective spring constant of the combination.
Ans: K1+k2.
21. What is the elastic limit
The maximum value stress up to which body can regain its original shape or structure
22. State Hooke’s law
Ans: With in elastic limit stress is directly proportional to strain.
23. Define (i) Young’s modulus (ii) Rigidity Modulus and (iii) bulk modulus
Ans Young’s Modulus: With in the elastic limit the ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain.
Rigidity Modulus: With in the elastic limit the ration of tangential stress to tangential strain.
Bulk Modulus(K): with in the elastic limit the ratio of volume stress to volume strain.
24 Define Poisson’s ratio(σ )
Ans It is the lateral strain to longitudinal strain
25 State the relation between Y, n, K and σ
9𝐾𝑛
Ans: Y=3K(1-2σ) Y=2n(1+ σ) 𝑌=
3𝐾+𝑛
26. State Archimede’s principle
Ans: Whenever a substance is immersed either partially or completely in a fluid, due to the difference in
topmost and bottom points of the substance it appears that certain weight is lost, which is eaual to
weight of the flid displace by that substance.
27. state pascal’s law
Whenever there is change in the pressure at point in the fluid, it transmits through out the fluid
without diminishing.
28. Define the terms (i) Atmospheric pressure (ii) Absolute pressure
(i) The force exerted by the earth atmosphere per unit are is known as atmospheric pressure
(ii) It is the sum of atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure
29. Explain why astronauts where special type of suit when they go for space expedition
Ans In the space the atmospheric pressure is zero. the person going to space will face the problem in
balancing inside blood pressure with out side zero pressure. to provide out side pressure he has to
wear a special suit
30 A raft of wood (density 600 kg/m3) of mass 120 kg floats in water. Find how much weight can be put
on the raft to make it just sink?
Ans M=120 kg, m=? ρs=600 kg/m3, ρw=1000 kg/m3
𝑀 𝑉 𝑉 𝜌
Mg= Vin ρw g; (M+m)g=Vρw g ; 𝑀+𝑚 = 𝑉𝑖𝑛 ; 𝑉𝑖𝑛 = 𝜌 𝑠
𝑤
m=2M/3=80 kg
31 What is an ideal fluid
Ans: A non-viscous in compressible irrotational fluid under stream line motion is known as ideal fluid
32 State equation of continuity
Ans: for and ideal fluid at any point in it’s path the product of area of crass section and velocity is always constant
33 Mention the Bernoulli’s principle.
Ans For an ideal fluid at any point in its path total energy is constant.
34 Why coefficient viscosity of gas increases with increase in temperature
Ans In case of gases inter molecular collisions are the basic reason for viscous nature. Hence coefficient of
viscosity increase
35 Mention the expression for the excess pressure in case of (i) Liquid drop and (ii) Soap bubble
2𝑇
Ans: (i) Excess pressure inside of liquid drop=
𝑟
4𝑇
(ii) Excess pressure inside of liquid drop=
𝑟
36. Why a circular ring experience more surface tensional force when compared to the circular disc of same
radius, when both are taken out from the water surface.
Ans The surface tensional force acts on the free surface of the. Ring experience the surface at outer and inner
circumference, while disc experiences at only outer circumference
37 What is buoyant force?
Ans When ever substance is immersed in a fluid due to the differences in the pressures at top most and bottom
most points of the substances it experiences certain upthrust known as buoyant force
38 If the relative density of substances is 7.1, what will be its density?
Ans The density of the substance is 7.1 g/cm3 and 7.1 kg/m3.
39 The ga balloons release some occasions, move upward. What can you infer about the density of gas filled in
it, from this?
Ans The density of the gas is less than the density of air
40 Why do drowning victims first sink and then, after a few days, float to the surface?
Ans: gas produced in the victim’s body makes his average density less than wate, hence the body floats
41 A wooden cylinder floats in water in a vessel with its axis vertical. How will the level of the water in the vessel
change if the cylinder floats with its axis is horizontal
Ans: There will be no change in the level of water, in both cases the cylinder displaces the same volume of water
42 What happens to the surface tension of the liquid if the temperature of the liquid rises
Ans: the surface tension of a liquid decreases with increase in its temperature
43. How will find the surface tension of the liquid using capillary rise method?
Ans: .When capillary tube is dipped in beaker containing water, water rises up to height equal to h
Weight of the liquid raised = surface tensional forces
mg=(T Cosθ) 2πr
πr2hρg=(T Cosθ) 2πr
ℎ 𝑟𝜌𝑔
T𝑇 =
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
44 Define Angle of contact
Ans: The angle made by the tangent drawn to the surface of the liquid at the point of the contact, with the solid
surface and measured with in the liquid
45. Define capillarity
Ans The rise or fall of a liquid in a capillary tube due to surface tension is known as capillarity.
46 A capillary tube dipped vertically in beaker containing water. water rise up to height h in the capillary tube.
Now if the experimental set up is placed in a freely lift. Up to what height the water rises in the capillary tube
Ans: Water rises to the maximum available length but never over flows.
47 Find the amount of work din in splitting a big drop of radius R into n identical droplets each of radius r
Ans: W= 4π(nr2-R2)T
48 Find the amount of work din in splitting a big soap bubble of radius R in to n identical small soap bubbles each
of radius r
Ans W= 8π(nr2-R2)T
49 What is stokes law
Ans When a spherical body of radius r moving in a viscous medium of coefficient of viscosity (η) with a velocity (v)
experience a force equal to 6π η r v
50 Find the terminal velocity obtained by a freely falling of spherical object of radius r and density ρ through a
medium of density σ and coefficient viscosity η.
Ans when the apparent weight of the substance is greater than viscous force then the body will accelerate.
If the Apparent weight = Viscous force then the body moves constant velocity known as terminal velocity
V(ρ-σ)g=6π η r vt.
2 (𝜌−𝜎)𝑟 2 𝑔
𝑣𝑡 =
9 𝜂
51. Define Wave
Ans: The Disturbance created at a point in a medium which propagates both energy and momentum
but not matter.
52. What properties the medium must have to propagate the wave
Ans: The medium must have (i) Elasticity (ii) Inertia (iii) Density
53. What are longitudinal waves? through which media they are produced
Ans: If the direction of vibration of the particles in the medium is parallel to propagation direction then
those waves are said to be longitudinal waves. Longitudinal waves are produced in all media.
54. What are transverse waves? in which media they are produced
Ans: If the direction of vibration of the particles in the medium is perpendicular to propagation direction,
then those waves are said to be longitudinal waves. Transvers waves are produced in solids and
surface of a liquid.
55 Distinguish between longitudinal waves and transverse waves.

Longitudinal waves Transverse waves

1 Direction of vibrations of the particles is parallel
to direction of propagation of the wave
2 A longitudinal wave contains compressions and
rare factions
3 The distance between two successive
compressions or rare factions is equal to
wavelength.
4 Longitudinal waves are produced and
propagated through all media
Direction of vibrations of the particles is
perpendicular to direction of propagation of
the wave
A transverse wave contains crests and
troughs
The distance between two successive crests
or troughs is equal to wavelength,
Transverse waves are produced in solids and
surface of a liquid, but they propagate through
all media

56 Mention the expression for the plane progressive wave equation and mention the terms used in the equation.
 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑥)
y: Displacement of the particle, A: Amplitude of the particle; ω: Angular velocity, K: propagation constant:
57 What is a stationary Wave?
Ans: When progressive waves travelling in opposite direction super imposes together forms a stationary wave.
A stationary wave contains nodes and antinodes.

58 What is the distance between node and immediate antinode in a stationary wave?
Ans: The distance between node and immediate antinode in a stationary wave is equal to λ/4
59 Distinguish between progressive wave and stationary wave?
Ans:
Progressive wave Stationary Wave
1 It starts at a point in the medium and It is confined to two points in the medium
travels up to infinity in the medium
2 It can transport the energy It cannot transport the energy
3 All the particles in the medium are with in a loop all the particles are executing SHM in
executing SHM with same amplitude phase but different amplitudes

60. 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑥) represents progressive wave equation. Mention the expression for the velocity of the
particle and also mention the expression for the maximum particle velocity.
𝑑𝑦
Ans: 𝑣 = = = 𝐴𝜔 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑥)
𝑑𝑡
Maximum particle velocity=Aω
61 Explain the beat phenomenon.
Ans When two sound waves of nearly equal frequencies travelling in the same direction super impose together form
waxing and waning of sound known as beats phenomenon.
62 when two tuning forks are sounded together, they produce 6 beats per second. frequency of first tuning fork is 512
Hz. when the first tuning fork is filed number beats reduced to 4 beats per sec. find the frequency of second tuning
fork.
Ans |f1-f2|=6=>f1-f2=±6
hence f2= 518 Hz of 506 Hz
when first tuning fork is filed |f1’-f2|=4 => f1’-f2=4 => f1’=522 Hz or 510 Hz.
f1’ may be equal to 522 Hz because filing of tuning fork causes increase in frequency hence f2=518 Hz
63. What is an echo and what is minimum distance required to hear it (V=340 m/s)
If the reflected sound wave which is heard as different from original sound wave is known as echo.
d=Vt/2=340 x 0.1/2=17 m
64 What is condition two obtain constructive super position when two waves of same frequency and amplitude
are super imposed.
Ans When path difference =nλ or phase difference -2nπ
65 What is doppler effect.
Ans When ever there is a relative motion between source of sound and observer then there will be an apparent
change in frequency heard by the observer will take place.
66 What is heat.
Ans Heat is a form of a energy which always flows from a body at high temperature to a body at low temperature
67 Define heat capacity.
Ans The amount of heat energy required to rise the temperature of a substance through 1 0c or through 1 k
68 Define water equivalent.
Ans The thermal capacity of a substance is numerically equal to the thermal capacity of m gram of water. those m
grams are denoted as water equivalent of substance.
69 Define latent heat.
Ans The amount of heat energy is either absorbed or liberated when unit mass of a substance changes from one
state to another state at constant temperature and pressure.
70 What is triple point of water.
Ans The temperature and pressure at which water exist all three states(solid, liquid and gas)
Temperature=273.16 K and Pressure =0.006 atmosphere
71 State zero th law of thermodynamics
Ans: If two systems A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third system C separately then those two systems (A
and B) are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
72 State I law of thermodynamics.
Ans: Heat is given to the system is equal to sum of increase in internal energy and work done by the system.
dQ =du + dw
73 Prove that Cp-Cv=R
Heat energy given gas at constant pressure is equal to = (∆𝑄)= ∆𝑈 +∆𝑊 ----(i)
∆𝑄=nCp ∆𝑇 ∆𝑊 =nR∆𝑇
Heat energy given to a gas at constant volume(∆𝑄′)=∆𝑈 (∆𝑊 = 0)
∆𝑄′ = 𝑛𝐶𝑣∆𝑇 ∆𝑈 = 𝑛𝐶𝑣∆𝑇 ---(ii)
Change in internal energy is independent of process.
 Hence nCp∆𝑇 = nC𝑣∆𝑇+nR∆𝑇
Cp-Cv=R
74. Explain about isothermal process
The process in which change in pressure and volume take place at constant temperature
∆𝑈 = 0 ∆𝑄 = ∆𝑊 = nRT ln(V2/V1)
75 Explain about adiabatic process.
The process in which change in pressure and volume takes place at thermally isolated conditions
𝑛𝑅(𝑇1−𝑇2)
∆𝑄 = 0 ∆𝑊 = −∆𝑈=nCv∆𝑇 =
𝛾−1
76 Explain about isobaric process.
The process in which volume and temperature change take place at constant pressure.
∆𝑄 = ∆𝑈 + ∆𝑊 =n Cv∆𝑇 + 𝑛𝑅∆𝑇
77 Explain about isochoric process.
Ans The process in which change pressure and temperature take place at constant volume.
∆𝑊 = 0 ∆𝑄 = ∆𝑈 = 𝑛𝐶𝑣∆𝑇
78. What is cyclic process?
Ans: The process in which initial and final conditions of the gas are same
Change in internal energy in a cyclic process=0
79 Mention the adiabatic relations.
(I)𝑃𝑉 𝛾 = constant (II) 𝑇𝑉 𝛾−1 =constant (iii)𝑃1−𝛾 𝑇 𝛾 =constant
80 Find the relation between work done and heat supplied to gas in a isobaric process
∆𝑄 = 𝑛𝐶𝑝 ∆𝑇 and ∆𝑈 = 𝑛𝐶𝑣∆𝑇
∆𝑈 𝐶𝑣 1 ∆𝑊 ∆𝑈 1
= = and =1- =1 -
∆𝑄 𝐶𝑝 𝛾 ∆𝑄 ∆𝑄 𝛾