AHIST 1401

Art History
University of the People
Written Assignment Unit 1
Instructor: Passent Chahine
April 14 2024
Comparing and contrasting the statues of The Royal Acquaintances Memi and Sabu with the

Statue of Gudea reveals intriguing insights into the diverse cultural and historical contexts in

which they were created. These sculptures, originating from different time periods, locations, and

intended purposes, offer a glimpse into the societal norms and beliefs of their respective

civilizations.

The statue of The Royal Acquaintances Memi and Sabu portrays an intimate relationship

between the depicted figures, presumably a married couple, evidenced by their intertwined

embrace. Discovered within the hidden chamber of a non-royal chapel near Giza, this statue

likely served a funerary function, acting as a vessel for the spirits of the deceased (AlKhalifa,

2014). Belonging to Egypt's fourth dynasty, considered a "golden age" spanning from 2613 to

2494 BC, the statue exemplifies the artistic and religious practices of ancient Egypt (Wikipedia,

2022).

Despite the common association of sculptures with social status and wealth, Memi and Sabu's

statue deviates from this trend. Crafted from limestone, a readily available material, and

modestly sized, the statue lacks ostentatious adornments such as jewelry. Moreover, the couple is

depicted standing rather than seated on a throne, suggesting a lower social status akin to servants.

In stark contrast, the Statue of Gudea represents Gudea, the ruler of Lagash, during his reign

from approximately 2150 to 2125 BC. Commissioned by Gudea himself, these statues were

installed in temples as part of his efforts to rebuild them, as instructed by the gods. Serving as a

form of propaganda, Gudea's statue projects authority and devotion, depicted in a seated position

with folded hands and feet, conveying serenity and piety.

The choice of material for Gudea's statue, diorite, adds to its significance. Diorite, possessing

similar properties to granite but with a more limited supply, conveys the wealth and status of its

commissioner (Britannica). Unlike the utilitarian limestone used for Memi and Sabu's statue,

diorite symbolizes Gudea's prestige and power.

When comparing these statues, several notable differences emerge. While both depict human

figures of similar height, their compositions and purposes diverge significantly. Memi and Sabu

stand as equals, embodying a marital relationship, whereas Gudea sits enthroned, embodying

kingship and divine favor. Additionally, the choice of materials reflects the socioeconomic

context of each civilization, with limestone representing accessibility and diorite representing

luxury.

Furthermore, the intended purposes of these statues vary greatly. Memi and Sabu's statue serves

a religious function, facilitating the transition of souls into the afterlife, while Gudea's statue

serves political and religious propaganda, bolstering the king's authority and piety.

In conclusion, the statues of The Royal Acquaintances Memi and Sabu and the Statue of Gudea

offer valuable insights into the cultural, religious, and political landscapes of ancient Egypt and

Mesopotamia, respectively. Through careful analysis of their materials, compositions, and

intended purposes, we can appreciate the rich tapestry of human civilization throughout history.
References

AlKhalifa, M. (2014). Visual Analysis of a work of art or design in the Metropolitan Museum

ofArt. http://portfolio.newschool.edu/alkhalifa94/2014/07/25/visual-analysis-of-a-work-of-art-or-

design-in-the-metropolitan-museum-of-art/

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt. (2022, November 29). In Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt

The Met Museum. Statue of Gudea, named “Gudea, the man who built the temple, may his life

be long”. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/329072

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. Diorite. Encyclopedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/science/diorite