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Computer Science
Class XII
ADDRESS CALCULATION OF ARRAY

Let A is a two dimensional array with M rows and N columns. LR and LC are lowest limit of row and column.
W is the size of each element in the memory. Loc(A[i][j]) means the address of the ith row and jth column in the
memory.
Row Major Order:
Loc(A[i][j]) = Base Address of (A) + W × [ N × (i – LR) + (j –LC)]

Column Major Order:

Loc(A[i][j]) = Base Address of (A) + W × [ M × (j – LC) + (i –LR)]

Q1. An array T[15][10] is stored along the row in the memory with each element requiring 8 bytes of storage.
If the base address of array T is 14000, find out the location of T[10][7].
All India 2013
Ans: Loc(A[i][j]) = Base Address of (A) + W × [ N × (i – LR) + (j –LC)]
Loc(T[10][7]) = 14000 + 8 × [ 10 × (10 – 0) + (7 –0)]
= 14000 + 8 × [ 10 ×10 + 7 ]
= 14000 + 8 × [107]
= 14000 + 856
= 14856

Q2. An array S[10][30] is stored in the memory along the column with each of the elements occupying 2
bytes. Find out the memory location of S[5][10], if the element S[2][15] is stored at the location 8200.
Delhi 2012
Ans: Loc(S[i][j]) = Base Address of (S) + W × [ M × (j – LC) + (i –LR)]
Loc(S[2][15]) = Base Address of (S) + 2 × [ 10 × (15 – 0) + (2 –0)]
8200 = Base Address of (S) + 2 × [150 + 2]
Base Address of (S) = 8200 - 2 × 152
= 8200 – 304
= 7896

Loc(S[5][10]) = Base Address of (S) + 2 × [ 10 × (10 – 0) + (5 –0)]

= 7896 + 2 × [100 + 5]
= 7896 + 2 × 105
= 7896 + 210
= 8106

Q3. An array P[20][50] is stored in the memory along the column with each of the element occupying 4
bytes, find out the memory location for the element P[15][10], if P[0][0] is stored at 5200.
Delhi 2011
Ans: Loc(P[i][j]) = Base Address of (P) + W × [ M × (j – LC) + (i –LR)]
Loc(P[15][10]) = 5200 + 4 × [ 20 × (10 – 0) + (15 – 0)
= 5200 + 4 × [200 + 15]
= 5200 + 4 × 215
= 5200 + 860
= 6060
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Q4. An array P[50][60] is stored in the memory along the column with each of the element occupying 2
bytes, find out the memory location for the element P[10][20], if the base address of the array is stored at
6800. Delhi 2011
Ans: Loc(P[i][j]) = Base Address of (P) + W × [ M × (j – LC) + (i –LR)]
Loc(P[10][20]) = 6800 + 2 × [ 50 × (20 – 0) + (10 – 0)]
= 6800 + 2 × [1000 + 10]
= 6800 + 2 × 1010
= 6800 + 2020
= 8820

Q5. An array Arr[15][20] is stored in the memory along the row with each of the elements occupying 4 bytes.
Find out the base address and address of element Arr[3][2], if an element Array[5][2] is stored at location
1500. Delhi 2007
Ans: Loc(Arr[i][j]) = Base Address of (Arr) + W × [ N × (i – LR) + (j –LC)]
Loc(Arr[5][2]) = Base Address of (Arr) + 4 × [20 × (5 – 0) + (2 – 0)]
1500 = Base Address of (Arr) + 4 × [20 × (5 – 0) + (2 – 0)]
Base Address of (Arr) = 1500 – 4 × [100 + 2]
= 1500 – 4 × 102
= 1500 – 408
= 1092

Loc(Arr[i][j]) = Base Address of (Arr) + W × [ N × (i – LR) + (j –LC)]

Loc(Arr[3][2]) = 1092 + 4 × [20 × (3 – 0) + (2 – 0)
= 1092 + 4 × 62
= 1092 + 248
= 1340