UNDERSTANDING INTERVAL

ESTIMATES FOR THE

POPULATION MEAN WHEN
STANDARD DEVIATION/
VARIANCE IS UNKNOWN
BY; G-3
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
OBJECTIVES:
 IDENTIFY THE APPROPRIATE FORM OF THE
CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ESTIMATOR FOR THE
POPULATION MEAN WHEN POPULATION
VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION IS NOT
KNOWN
 ILLUSTRATE THE T-DISTRIBUTION (DIFFERENCE OF Z
TO T TABLE)
 IDENTIFY REGIONS UNDER THE T-DISTRIBUTION
CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT T-VALUES
 SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING CONFIDENCE
ESTIMATION OF THE POPULATION MEAN AND
DRAW CONCLUSION
 IDENTIFYING PERCENTILES USING T-TABLE
Definition of terms:

1. The evaluation of a parameter—

for example, the mean
(average)—of a population by
computing an interval, or range of
values, within which the parameter
is most likely to be located.
INTERVAL ESTIMATE
2. This refers to the average
score of the population on a
given variable, is represented
by: μ = ( Σ Xi ) / N.
Population mean
3. It is often
depicted by
this symbol: σ2.
VARIANCE
4. WHAT IF THERE NO POWER
STANDARD DEVIATION
ILLUSTRATING T-
DISTRIBUTION
Locating
percentile using t-
table
Gilbert wants to test a randomly
selected 18 students for his study.
Identify the t-value of the following
percentiles.
1. 75th Percentile
2. 60th Percentile
3. 5 Percentile
th
Interval Estimate of
Population Mean
With Unknown
VARIANCE
 STEPS IN SOLVING:
1. DESCRIBE THE POPULATION PARAMETER OF INTEREST
2. CHECK THE SPECIFIES OF THE CONFIDENCE CRITERIA
3. SELECT THE LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE INTERVAL AND NOTE
THE CRITICAL VALUES
4. NOTE THE GIVEN VALUES AND FIND THE POINT ESTIMATE
5. COMPUTE FOR THE MARGIN OF ERROR AND FIND THE
INTERVAL ESTIMATE
6. INTERPRET THE RESULTS
EXAMPLE

 THEMEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION

OF THE CONTEXT OF A SAMPLE OF 10
SIMILAR CONTAINERS ARE 10.5 LITERS
AND 0.352, RESPECTIVELY. FIND A 95%
CONFIDENCE INTERVAL FOR THE
ACTUAL MEAN CONTEN. ASSUME THAT
THE CONTENTS ARE APPROXIMATELY
NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED.
EXAMPLE
 RICHELLEWANTS TO KNOW THE MEAN
OF ALL ENTERING TRAINESS IN A BOOT
CAMP. THE MEAN AGE OF A
RANDOM SAMPLE OF 25 TRAINEES IS
18 YEARS AND THE STANDARD
DEVIATION IS 1.3 YEARS. THE SAMPLE
COMES FROM A NORMALLY
DISTRIBUTED POPULATION. USE 99%
CONFIDENCE.
PRACTICE PROBLEM:

 RICHELLEWANTS TO KNOW THE MEAN OF

ALL ENTERING TRAINESS IN A BOOT CAMP.
THE MEAN AGE OF A RANDOM SAMPLE OF
15 TRAINEES IS 18 YEARS AND THE
STANDARD DEVIATION IS 1.3 YEARS. THE
SAMPLE COMES FROM A NORMALLY
DISTRIBUTED POPULATION. USE 95%
CONFIDENCE.
ASSIGN:
GIVEN: N=20, SAMPLE
MEAN=120ML, s=6. The PARENT
POPULATION IS NORMALLY
DISTRIBUTED.
FIND (A) THE POINT ESTIMATE
(B) THE INTERVAL ESTIMATE FOR
POPULATION MEAN. USE 90%
PERCENT CONFIDENCE. INTERPRET
RESULTS
ASSIGN:
 THE FOLLOOWING ARE RANDOMLY
SELECTED SCORE IN ENGLISH TEST OF
GRADE 10 STUDENTS:
74 81

65 83

76 80

79 70

85 71

77 69
A. FIND A 99% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL
FOR THE MEAN SCORE OF ALL GRADE
10 STUDENTS, ASSUMING THAT THE
STUDENTS’ SCORE IS APPROXIMATELY
NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED
B. FIND THE LOWER AND UPPER
BOUNDARY LIMITS

C. INTERPRET THE RESULTS