BEFORE READING:

Instrucciones: Ve el siguiente video y en base a la información que obtuviste realiza un mapa

conceptual.
https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/multimedia/video/v35088450

Now proceed with the reading…

ADDICTION

Universally regarded as the nation's most serious health problem the abuse of
alcohol and drugs by many Americans was estimated for 1988 to cost more than $144
billion, including the costs of treatment, prevention, lost productivity and violence.
Drug addiction is one of the most difficult conditions to _1_ For decades,
researchers have unsuccessfully _2_ to uncover an addictive personality to forecast early
warnings of _3_ Personality traits, genetic susceptibility and how drugs enter the chemical
_4_ of the brain's pleasure centres remain topics of _5_ research.

While causes remain _6_ scientists do know the signs of addiction: physical _7_ is
an adaptive state that shows itself by intense _8_ symptoms when the administration of
the drug is _9_ Psychological dependences is a _10_ for the drug in order to produce
pleasure or to avoid _11_.

A third aspect of drug dependence is tolerance, the _12_ with chronic use for
progressively higher drug _13_ to achieve a given effect.

Alcohol Roughly 15 million Americans have an alcohol problem, 5 million _14_ and
9 million who are alcohol-dependent, and some 100,000 people _15_ from it each year.
Fetal alcohol syndrome which causes mental retardation and _16_ deformities affect
about one in every 500 babies _17_ in the United States. Chronic _18_ disease and
cirrhosis, the main chronic health _19_ associated with alcohol abuse, were the nation's
ninth _20_ cause of mortality in 1988, responsible for more than 26,000 deaths. The _21_
of alcohol dependence and abuse in 1988 was _22_ at $85.5 billion.

Both genetic and environmental factors _23_ to alcoholism but no single factor or
combination of factors has _24_ doctors to predict who will become alcoholic.

Ethanol, alcohol's active _25_ is a depressant that acts to reduce anxiety, tension
and _26_ significantly altering mood and behaviour its other _27_ include stimulation of
appetite, heat___28__and dehydration.

Alcohol is easily absorbed into the bloodstream and the _29_ yet a precise
mechanism for this is _30_ It was once widely believed that alcohol _31_on all neural
membranes, perhaps altering their _32_ excitability. Now, many scientists believe that
alcohol's _33_ with the GABA receptor enhances this neurotransmitter's inhibitory action.
In _34_, dopamine, the NMDA receptor and glutamate are believed to be _35_.

While several drugs are used to _36_ alcoholism, they are unlikely to be _37_ in
producing a long-term reduction in drinking _38_. Current treatment strategies manage
withdrawal: _39_, sobriety; decrease drinking by treating psychiatric problems; and _40_
problem drinking behaviour itself. All are considered adjuncts to other treatments.

Instrucciones: De la tabla de OPCIONES abajo, selecciona la palabra que

corresponde al espacio en blanco en el texto anterior. Encierra la letra de la
respuesta correcta.
No. OPCIONES
1 A Sweet B Therapy C Treat
2 A Pride B Attempted C Tried
3 A Admission B Dependency C Addiction
4 A Pathwaze B Routes C Pathways
5 A Ongoing B Continuous C Ongoing
No. OPCIONES
6 A Illusive B Slippery C Elusive
7 A Independence B Reliance C Dependence
8 A Withdrawl B Detox C Withdrawal
9 A Stopt B Ceased C Stopped
10 A Craven B Longing C Craving
11 A Discomfurt B Unease C Discomfort
12 A Knead B Desire C Need
13 A Dosis B Portions C Doses
14 A Abuz B Misuse C Abuse
15 A Dye B Perish C Die
16 A Fysical B Bodily C Physical
17 A Borne B Originated C Born
18 A Liver B Hepatic C Liver
19 A Ishoos B Challenges C Issues
20 A Leeding B Principal C Leading
21 A Economik B Financial C Economic
22 A Estimatted B Approximated C Estimated
23 A Kontribute B Contribute C Contribute
24 A Enaybled B Facilitated C Enabled
25 A Ingridient B Component C Ingredient
26 A Stres B Pressure C Stress
27 A Affects B Impact C Effects
28 A Strez B Pressure C Stress
29 A Bodee B Physique C Body
Incompletely
30 A Not fully understud B C Not fully understood
understood
31 A Akted B Behaved C Acted
32 A Neurall B Synaptic C Neural
33 A Interakshun B Connectivity C Interaction
34 A Addishun B Supplement C Addition
35 A Involvd B Engaged C Involved
36 A Treet B Therapy C Treat
37 A Effecktiv B Efficient C Effective
 No. OPCIONES
38 A Alown B Solitary C Alone
39 A Promot B Encourage C Promote
40 A Adress B Tackle C Address

INSTRUCCIONES: Contesta el siguiente cuestionario.

Cirrhosis of the Liver https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/multimedia/quiz/675