Practice

Exercise 1: Correct the mistakes in identifying function of sentence elements. (if any)
Note: Some sentences have grammatical mistakes. Correct those sentences.
1. Miss Huong, my teacher(S),is a beautiful and talent girl.(Cs)
2. You can call me(Od/Oi) Huong.(Co/Od)
3. It’s getting darker and darker(Cs).
4. The author suggests that media mergers always like to improve share value. (A) (Od)
5. This rule is easy(Cs) to remember(A).
6. This pill haven’t done me(Od) much good(Co) This pill hasn’t made me (Od) better (Co).
7. You must show me(Oi) your ticket(Od)
8. I wish you good luck (Od)
9. It wasn’t difficult(Cs) to find their house(A).
10. Hearing the other side of the story is interesting.(Cs)
11. The company plans to make the product oversea
S V Od Co
12. I/ consider/ you acted very wisely
S V Od
13. She / used to be / the tallest girl / on the team.
S V Cs A
14. Call / me / if you have any question.
V Od A
15. [When I went to school], my parent / was working / hard / and / they / always / think/ of me.
A S V A S A V A

16. My boss/ asked/ me/ to proofread the report.

S V Od Co
17. The weatherman/ must be/wrong/about todays forecast.
S V Cs A
18. You/can call/ me/Candy.
S V Od Co
19. The coach/called/Taylor/annoying
S V Od Co
20. The reason why I fail in this test/ is /over-confident.
S V Cs
21. He/ has/ enough experience and knowledge/ to solve this problem.
S V Od A
22. She says that she lost money/ what/ is not/true.
A S V Cs
She/ says/ that she lost money, which is not true.
S V Od A
23. She/ told/ her children/ not to eat so fast
S V Oi Od
24. Mrs A, a teacher of AOF, said that she wanted to go away from there
S
25. There are clear benefits of nuclear power. -> These/ are/ clear benefits of nuclear power.
S V Cs S V Cs

26. One of my hobbies is [listening to music, especially English songs.]

S V Cs A
27. The calamity / threw / them / into a fit of despair.
S V Od A
Exercise 2: Correct the mistakes in identifying function of sentence elements (if any)

1. She doesn’t like films that have unhappy endings.

Od
2. I won’t tell my parents what have happened.
Od
3. My son-in-law, who works in the factory, nevers smoke.
S
4. I can’t understand the reason why you didn’t show up.
Od
5. What makes me sad is his retirement.
S
6. She haven’t decided whether she should apply for that job.
Od
7. Tuan has a friend whose mother is a nurse.
Od
8. The man who is my father is reading magazine
S
9. What the teacher demands is suitable
S
10. What that teacher demands, I will remember carefully
A
11. The pretty girl who is standing behind my brother is his 6-year girlfriend.
S
12. My best friends gave me a MAC lipstick on my 20th birthday, which is so wonderful.
A
13. Half moon Friend, which is a reality show got high rating.
S
14. I do not know the reason why you did not go to work
Od
15. I/ can tell/ you/ the reason why I do it better than you
S V Oi Od
16. My father, who is a teacher never plays tennis.
S
17. I won’t tell anyone what happened.
Od
18. Everyone who heard that noise, jumped up in alarm.
S
19. Do you know [who our teacher is]?
V- S -V Od
20. She has the yellow umbrella which is the symbol of “How I met your mother”.
Od
21. The man who waved is my father.
S
22. The movie which made me cry so much yesterday was starred by Anne Hathaway.
S
23. I just hate my exboyfriend whom I don’t talk to anymore
Od
24. Suicide squad, which is a thrilling movie was released few days ago
S

25. You are always with me wherever I go

A
26. I do not want to believe what you said.
 Od
27. I am saying about what you did.
Od
28. The one who is deeply in love with her has sacrificed himself to save her from the accident
S V Od A

Exercise 3: Correct the mistakes in identifying function of sentence elements.

1. Some of the technology /is /already /available. Robots similar to those that
S V A Cs S
built the Channel Tunnel between France and England/ could be used/ for
V
exvacation and construction in some areas. It/ is anticipated/ that within 10 to
A S V Od
15 years most of the remaining technological obstacles will be overcome.
Underground city spaces in Japan/ are /therefore/ coming/ much closer/ to
S V- A -V Cs
reality. It/ may be/ difficult/ to imagine people adapting to life underground,
A S V Cs A
but/ in Japan/ it /may be/ one of the most practical solutions/ to the problem of
A S V Cs A
limited living space. The next century/ may see /many similar developments in
S V Od
other countries

2. My hometown / is / famous / for several amazing natural features.

S V Cs A
First,/ it / is noted/ for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful.
A S V A
On either side of this river, which is 175 feet wide/, are / many willow trees which have long
S V Cs
branches that can move gracefully in the wind./

In autumn, / the leaves of these trees / fall / and / cover / the riverbanks / like golden snow.
A S V1 V2 Od A
Also/, on the other side of the town / is / Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very
A S V Cs
steep. Even though it is steep,/ climbing this hill / is not / dangerous/, because / there / are /
A S V Cs S V
some firm rocks /along the sides that can be used as stairs/.
Cs A
There / are/ no trees / around this hill/, so / it / stands / clearly against the sky / and / can be
S V Cs A S V A V
seen / from many miles away./
A
The third amazing feature / is / the Big Old Tree.
S V Cs
This tree / stands / two hundred feet tall / and / is / probably about six hundred years old.
S V Cs V Cs
These three landmarks / are / truly/ amazing / and / make / my hometown/ a famous place/.
S V A Cs V Od Co
3. Lou Clark/ knows/ lots of things. She/ knows/ how many footsteps there are between the bus
S V Od S V Od
stop and home. She/ knows/ she likes working in The Buttered Bunte a shop/ and/ she
S V Od S
knows/ she might not love her boyfriend Patrick.
V Od
What Lou doesn't know/ is/ she's about to lose her job or that knowing what's coming is
S V Cs
what keeps her sane.

Will Traynor/ knows/ his motorcycle accident took away his desire to live. He/ knows
S V Od S V
everything feels very small and rather joyless now/ and/ he knows exactly how he's going
Od S V A Od
to put a stop to that.

What Will doesn't know/ is/ that Lou is about to burst into his world in a riot of colour.
S V Cs
And either of them/ knows/ they're going to change the other for all time.
S V Od

4. No student of a foreign language/ needs to be told /that grammar is complex.

S V Od
By changing word sequences and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs and suffixes,/ we /are/
A S V
able to communicate tiny variations in meaning. We/ can turn/ a statement /into a question,
Cs S V Od A
state/ whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word
V Od
tricks/ to convey subtle differences in meaning. Nor/ is/this complexity inherent to the English
A S V Cs
language. All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes/ have/ clever grammatical
S V Od
components. The Cherokee pronoun system,/ for example,/ can distinguish/ between 'you and I',
S A V A
'several other people and I' and 'you, another person and I'. In English,/ all these meanings/
A S
are summed up/ in the one, crude pronoun 'we'. Grammar/ is/ universal/ and/ plays/ a part
V A S V Cs V Od
in every language,/ no matter how widespread it is. So/ the question which has baffled many
A S
Linguists/ is/ who created grammar?
V Cs

5. The man in charge of this logistical nightmare, tony douglas,/ came/ to British airport authority via
S V A
sints in the car and commercial jet industries, and at kenwood,domestic applicance form. For three
years,/ he/ ran/ BBA’s supply chain. He/ took over/ as project manager/ after the last boss left
A S V Od S V Od A
for T5 suddenly. The risk attached to this huge project/ are/ so great/ so that/ BBA/ has been
S V A S V
forced/ to tackle it in novel ways. If the giant endeavor is not completed on-time and on budget,/ it/
 Od A S
could take/ the whole company/ down. First,/BBA/ is/ unusual/ in running the project
V Od Co A S V Cs A
itself. Mr Douglas/ insist/ that outsourcing to a big project management group such as Bechtel would
S V Od
cost more, nor less. Second,/ as much as possible of the construction/ is taking place/ off-site. This/
A S V A S
reflects/ the site’s physical contraints.
V Od

What are the functions of basic noun phrases?

There are 9 functions of basic noun phrases, including:
Functions Example
Subject (S) Two-thirds world population will live in
cities by 2050.
Direct object (Od) Sarah fed my three cats when I was on my
business trip last month.
Indirect object (Oi) The woman standing next to me gave this
man a hug and then went away.
Subject Complement (Cs) The girl in the white dress is John’s
second sister.
Object Complement (Co) After the discussion, we elected Steve
our fifth Chief of the Student Council.
Prepositional Complement (Cprep) My classroom is on the third floor.
Appositive (App.) Jennie, our classmate, has won the first
prize in an Engish Speaking contest.
Adverbial (A) My family will visit Hoi An Ancient
Town next month.
Adjectival Complement (Cadj) He is worth the Chief Executive Officer
because of his good performance.