THE FUTURE OF FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0

“CRAFTING THE

PAST OF TOMORROW”

PROPONENTS

BRIANNA LEXINE GITA

SOPHIA NICOLE GUADAMOR
SAM HERNANDEZ
ERWIN RAMOS
NICKOLE GABRIELE VICTORIA

SUBMITTED TO
AR. ZOE VILLELA, UAP

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2
DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY DASMARINAS
THE FUTURE OF FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE
FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0
“ARCHITECTURE MUST BE TRUE TO ITSELF, ITS LAND, AND ITS PEOPLE.”
AUTHORS
BRIANNA LEXINE GITA, SOPHIA NICOLE GUADAMOR, SAM HERNANDEZ, ERWIN RAMOS, NICKOLE GABRIELE VICTORIA
INTRODUCTION
The Filipino Architecture that we see today is the amalgamation of
various influences and factors mixed together that impacted the
country’s architecture throughout history. Leandro Locsin, one of the
most influential Filipino architects of the late 20th century, described
the Filipino architecture as an “elusive thing”, saying that it is a
remnant left from the various overlays of foreign influences over the
centuries. Hence, it’s an important note that history played a crucial
role in shaping the country’s architecture. There’s also the heritage
and cultural factors that played roles in giving some identity to
Filipino architecture. Ar. Manuel Noche said the Philippines to be an
“architectural melting pot”, and considered its architecture to be
unique having a tinge of the occidental.
But is there really such a thing as Philippine Architecture?
Nowadays, there is a conflict upon identifying what actually makes
Filipino architecture unique and iconic. Not only that, but it also
seems that the current state of the country’s architecture is lagging
behind. The country is facing several issues from an architectural
standpoint. There is the lack of urban planning, lack of vision, the
neglection of sustainable methods, and more.
This raises another question about the state of the country’s
architecture: what will be the future of Filipino architecture? How can
we address the problems of today? How can we make sustainable
and innovative solutions? How will the new generations of future
architects to come change and shape our architecture? In the
context of cultural identity, how can we bring forth unique and well-
defined characteristics of our architecture? How do we envision the
future of Filipino architecture?
[ Image CAPTION ] Write a caption that will
clearly explain what this Image is about and
how it relates to the study
References can take up a lot of space, so cite only the key references used in the study.
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
- FRANCISCO BOBBY MAÑOSA
SUBMITTED TO
AR. ZOE VILLELA, UAP
OBJECTIVE
This paper aims to tackle the envisioned future of Filipino architecture,
from our group’s point of view.
CONTENT
The paper’s scope is based of the following content:
Introduction
History of Architecture (then and now)
Visioning the Future
Design Principles and Solutions
This paper will include the literature review, conclusion, and references
QUESTIONS
Prior to researching, a few key questions were established to guide the
research and conceptualization process:
a. What is the current state of Filipino architecture, including its
challenges and opportunities?
b. What is Filipino architecture renowned for, particularly in terms of
cultural heritage, traditional design, and indigenous building
techniques?
c. How do other countries develop and express their architectural
identities?
d. What architectural solutions can be implemented to address
environmental issues in the Philippines, such as climate change and
sustainability?
e. What strategies can be adopted for urban development in the
Philippines, considering factors like population growth and
infrastructure needs?
f. How can technology be leveraged to innovate and enhance
architectural design and construction practices?
g. How can local resources be maximized and integrated into
architectural projects to promote sustainability and economic
development?
h. What measures can be taken to preserve and maintain
architectural heritage in the Philippines, including historic buildings
and cultural landmarks?
i. In what ways can architecture be utilized to address social issues,
such as housing affordability, community development, and
inclusivity?
j. What should be the overarching goals and aspirations for the
future of Filipino architecture, in order to meet the challenges and
opportunities of the present era?
CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS
Filipino architecture today reflects a dynamic blend of tradition
and modernity, with a resurgence of interest in indigenous
principles alongside the challenges of rapid urbanization and
globalization. While there is a growing movement towards designs
that embrace cultural roots, sustainability, and community-centric
approaches, there's also tension from the dominance of generic
architectural styles and commercial interests. Amidst these
complexities, Filipino architects are grappling with pressing issues
like climate change and social inequality, driving innovation
towards more responsive, inclusive, and sustainable solutions. As
the built environment continues to evolve, Filipino architecture
holds the potential to shape the nation's future landscape and
identity.
THE FUTURE OF FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE
FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0
“CREATING ARCHITECTURE THAT IS MODERN YET UNDENIABLY FILIPINO.”
AUTHORS
BRIANNA LEXINE GITA, SOPHIA NICOLE GUADAMOR, SAM HERNANDEZ, ERWIN RAMOS, NICKOLE GABRIELE VICTORIA
A HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES (THEN)
Ever since the pre-colonial periods, there are records and evidence
of early signs of architecture. For the nomads, they needed a
temporary shelter and so they opted for caves. Eventually, they
discovered farming and so they found the necessity of building a
permanent dwelling. The locals took influences from the Malay
people. Soon, using the resources available in nature, the houses
evolved bit by bit. The “bahay kubo” since then has been
immortalized as an iconic signature of Filipino architecture. But
depending on the topography and climate, people adapted with
different methods and materials for building their houses. Then
comes the colonization of the Spaniards, which lasted for more than
3 centuries. Without a doubt, the Spaniards left lasting imprints in the
fabric of Filipino architecture. The Spanish introduced the use of
stone and brick as building materials. The Antillean style, a style that
became an influence to the “bahay na bato” designed to be suitable
to the tropical climate. The Spanish not only influenced architecture
but also our culture and religion, and therefore buildings other than
houses were built. The Americans later on introduced a more
westernized architectural styles. They introduced the use of
concrete, which is now widely used in modern architecture. They
also introduced other design styles namely the Art Deco,
Neoclassical, etc. Other influences came through commerce and
trade. The need for aesthetics was balanced with the necessity of
function. Consequently, this allowed for more designs incorporated
within the structures built. During the late 20th century, the
emergence of known Filipino architects helped the country develop
its growing scale of architecture. Names like Juan Nakpil, Leandro
Locsin, Francisco Manosa, Jose Maria Zaragoza, and many more.
These remarkable people helped shape the country’s architecture
with their ingenuity and influence.
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE
Modern Filipino architecture is a vibrant fusion of diverse influences,
reflecting the country's rich cultural heritage and dynamic urban
landscape. Drawing inspiration from indigenous traditions, colonial
legacies, and contemporary design trends, Filipino architects create
structures that are both innovative and rooted in local identity.
Bamboo, a traditional building material, finds new expression in
sleek, sustainable designs, while the iconic "bahay kubo" inspires
open-plan layouts and elevated living spaces that embrace natural
ventilation and panoramic views. Art deco motifs and neoclassical
elements add a touch of nostalgia to modern skyscrapers, blending
past and present seamlessly. Meanwhile, innovative technologies
and green building practices address the challenges of urbanization
and climate change, ensuring that modern Filipino architecture
remains resilient, inclusive, and environmentally sustainable. From
bustling cityscapes to serene countryside retreats, modern Filipino
architecture celebrates diversity, creativity, and a deep connection
to place.
https://archiandesigns.files.wordpress.com/20
15/02/house-in-philippine-antillean-
architecture.jpg
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
- LEANDRO LOCSIN
SUBMITTED TO
AR. ZOE VILLELA, UAP
WHAT ARE THE EXISTING PROBLEMS?
A torogan house, c. 1908-1924
With the growth of architecture in the Philippines, also comes the
raising challenges and issues along with it. Filipino architecture
faces a myriad of issues and challenges in the contemporary
landscape. Urbanization, rapid population growth, and the
proliferation of informal settlements pose significant challenges
to urban planners and architects. The lack of comprehensive
urban planning and zoning regulations often results in haphazard
development, congestion, and inadequate infrastructure.
Additionally, the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea
levels and extreme weather events, further exacerbate the
vulnerability of coastal communities and low-lying areas. Socio-
economic disparities and inadequate access to affordable
housing contribute to the proliferation of informal settlements
and slums, perpetuating social inequality and marginalization.
Furthermore, the preservation of cultural heritage sites and
historic buildings is often overshadowed by the pressures of
Despite its rich cultural heritage and innovative design modernization and development. Addressing these complex
approaches, Philippine architecture is sometimes perceived as challenges requires a holistic approach that integrates
"mundane" due to various factors. One reason is the prevalence sustainable design principles, community engagement, and
of cookie-cutter designs and mass-produced buildings that policy reforms to create resilient, inclusive, and culturally
prioritize cost efficiency over creativity and quality. This results in sensitive built environments for future generations.
a landscape dominated by generic structures lacking in
character and architectural integrity. Additionally, the influence of
global architectural trends often leads to homogenization, with
buildings resembling those found in other countries rather than
reflecting the unique identity and context of the Philippines.
Limited access to resources and expertise, as well as
bureaucratic challenges in the construction industry, further
contribute to a perception of stagnation and uninspired
architecture. However, amidst these challenges, there is a
growing movement towards more innovative and socially
responsive design practices, driven by a renewed appreciation
for local culture, sustainability, and community engagement. As
architects and stakeholders continue to push boundaries and
redefine the norms, Philippine architecture has the potential to
transcend its mundane reputation and emerge as a vibrant
expression of creativity, identity, and resilience.
There are various challenges and shortcomings in the field of
Philippine architecture, highlighting issues such as the lack of
integration of architecture into urban planning, inadequate housing
leading to transportation woes, and the undervaluation of
architecture's importance and potential impact. Problems such as the
dominance of commercial spaces over public infrastructure, the
undermining of the architect's role, and the prevalence of dated
construction technology are some pointed out by Ar. Rebecca Plaza.
Another issue is the neglected focus on sustainability and the need
for advancements in building materials and technologies. Despite
these challenges, there is a call for greater emphasis on sustainable
designs and interventions that prioritize environmental preservation
and address the country's unique architectural needs.
THE FUTURE OF FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE
FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0
MANY TECHNOLOGIES AND BREAKTHROUGHS WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE WITHOUT RESEARCH. IT IS IMPORTANT
TO KEEP MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY INFORMED ABOUT THE LATEST UPDATES. ONE WAY TO DO THAT IS
THROUGH RESEARCH POSTERS.
AUTHORS
BRIANNA LEXINE GITA, SOPHIA NICOLE GUADAMOR, SAM HERNANDEZ, ERWIN RAMOS, NICKOLE GABRIELE VICTORIA
FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0:
“CRAFTING THE PAST OF TOMORROW"
In envisioning the future of Filipino architecture, we embark on a
journey of exploration, innovation, and cultural renaissance. As we
stand at the intersection of tradition and modernity, we are
challenged to redefine the essence of Filipino architecture in the
context of a rapidly evolving world. Drawing inspiration from our rich
heritage, embracing technological advancements, and addressing
pressing environmental and social issues, we envision Filipino
Architecture 2.0 as a beacon of sustainable, inclusive, and culturally
resonant design.
EMBRACING CULTURAL CONTINUITY
Filipino architecture has always been deeply rooted in the cultural
fabric of the nation. From the indigenous bahay kubo to the colonial-
era bahay na bato, our architectural heritage tells the story of our
collective identity. In envisioning the future, we must embrace
cultural continuity while adapting to the demands of modern living.
For example, the Bahay Kubo-inspired eco-villages blend traditional
design elements with sustainable materials and technologies to
create resilient and community-centric housing solutions.
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clearly explain what this Image is about and
how it relates to the study
FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE 2.0:
“CRAFTING THE PAST OF TOMORROW"
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
SUBMITTED TO
AR. ZOE VILLELA, UAP
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
The future of Filipino architecture lies in harnessing technological
innovations to address pressing challenges such as urbanization,
climate change, and resource scarcity. Advanced digital design
tools, parametric modeling, and building information modeling
(BIM) offer unprecedented opportunities for creative expression
and efficiency in design and construction. For instance, the use of
3D printing technology allows for the rapid prototyping of modular
housing units, enabling affordable and customizable solutions for
urban housing.
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN PRACTICES
Sustainability is at the heart of Filipino Architecture 2.0. By
prioritizing passive design strategies, renewable energy sources,
and green building materials, we can create environmentally
responsible built environments that minimize carbon footprint and
promote ecological harmony. The rise of zero-energy buildings,
vertical gardens, and green roofs exemplifies our commitment to
sustainable design practices that prioritize the well-being of both
people and the planet.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
In envisioning the future of Filipino architecture, community
engagement plays a pivotal role in the design process. By
involving stakeholders, including local communities, government
agencies, and non-profit organizations, we can co-create inclusive
and culturally sensitive built environments that reflect the
aspirations and values of the people. For example, participatory
design workshops empower residents to shape the future of their
neighborhoods, resulting in vibrant and socially cohesive urban
spaces.
PRESERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE
Preserving and celebrating our cultural heritage is essential in
shaping the future of Filipino architecture. Adaptive reuse of
historic buildings, restoration of heritage sites, and integration of
vernacular architecture into contemporary design are vital
strategies for safeguarding our architectural legacy. By revitalizing
cultural landmarks such as the Intramuros in Manila and the Vigan
Heritage Village, we honor our past while paving the way for future
generations to appreciate and cherish our architectural heritage.
CONCLUSION
Envisioning the future of Filipino architecture, we are guided by a
shared vision of sustainability, innovation, and cultural resilience. By
embracing our heritage, harnessing technological advancements,
promoting sustainable design practices, fostering community
engagement, and preserving our cultural legacy, we can create a
future where Filipino architecture thrives as a symbol of identity,
creativity, and inclusivity. Only together can we embark on this
transformative journey to shape tomorrow's built heritage for
generations to come.
CRAFTING THE PAST OF TOMORROW THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

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CRAFTING THE PAST OF TOMORROW THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

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