Importance of Machine Learning

Importance of Machine Learning
Machine Learning is one of the most popular sub-fields of Artificial

Intelligence. Machine learning concepts are used almost
everywhere, such as Healthcare, Finance, Infrastructure, Marketing,
Self-driving cars, recommendation systems, chatbots, social sites,
gaming, cyber security, and many more.
Currently, Machine Learning is under the development phase, and

many new technologies are continuously being added to Machine
Learning. It helps us in many ways, such as analyzing large chunks
of data, data extractions, interpretations, etc. Hence, there are
unlimited numbers of uses of Machine Learning. In this topic, we will
discuss various importance of Machine Learning with examples. So,
let's start with a quick introduction to Machine Learning.
What is Machine Learning?

Machine Learning is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that allows
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machines to learn and improve from experience automatically. It is
defined as the field of study that gives computers the capability to
learn without being explicitly programmed. It is quite different than
traditional programming.
How Machine Learning Works?

Machine Learning is a core form of Artificial Intelligence that enable
machine to learn from past data and make predictions
It involves data exploration and pattern matching with minimal

human intervention. There are mainly four technologies that
machine learning used to work:
1. Supervised Learning:
Supervised Learning is a machine learning method that needs

supervision similar to the student-teacher relationship. In
supervised Learning, a machine is trained with well-labeled data,
which means some data is already tagged with correct outputs. So,
whenever new data is introduced into the system, supervised
learning algorithms analyze this sample data and predict correct
outputs with the help of that labeled data.
It is classified into two different categories of algorithms. These are

as follows:
Classification: It deals when output is in the form of a

category such as Yellow, blue, right or wrong, etc.
Regression: It deals when output variables are real values like
age, height, etc.
This technology allows us to collect or produce data output from

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experience. It works the same way as humans learn using some
labeled data points of the training set. It helps in optimizing the
performance of models using experience and solving various
complex computation problems.
2. Unsupervised Learning:
Unlike supervised learning, unsupervised Learning does not require

classified or well-labeled data to train a machine. It aims to make
groups of unsorted information based on some patterns and
differences even without any labelled training data. In unsupervised
Learning, no supervision is provided, so no sample data is given to
the machines. Hence, machines are restricted to finding hidden
structures in unlabeled data by their own.
It is classified into two different categories of algorithms. These are

as follows:
Clustering: It deals when there is a requirement of inherent

grouping in training data, e.g., grouping students by their area
of interest.
Association: It deals with the rules that help to identify a large
portion of data, such as students who are interested in ML and
also interested in AI.
3. Semi-supervised learning:
Semi-supervised Learning is defined as the combination of both

supervised and unsupervised learning methods. It is used to
overcome the drawbacks of both supervised and unsupervised
learning methods.

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In the semi-supervised learning method, a machine is trained with
labeled as well as unlabeled data. Although, it involves a few labeled
examples and a large number of unlabeled examples.
Speech analysis, web content classification, protein sequence

classification, and text documents classifiers are some most
popular real-world applications of semi-supervised Learning.
4. Reinforcement learning:
Reinforcement learning is defined as a feedback-based machine

learning method that does not require labeled data. In this learning
method, an agent learns to behave in an environment by performing
the actions and seeing the results of actions. Agents can provide
positive feedback for each good action and negative feedback for
bad actions. Since, in reinforcement learning, there is no training
data, hence agents are restricted to learn with their experience only.

Although machine learning is continuously evolving with so many
new technologies, it is still used in various industries.
Machine learning is important because it gives enterprises a

view of trends in customer behavior and operational business
patterns, as well as supports the development of new
products. Many of today's leading companies, such as Facebook,
Google, and Uber, make machine learning a central part of their
operations. Machine learning has become a significant competitive
differentiator for many companies.
Machine learning has several practical applications that drive the

kind of real business results - such as time and money savings -

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that have the potential to dramatically impact the future of your
organization. In particular, we see tremendous impact occurring
within the customer care industry, whereby machine learning is
allowing people to get things done more quickly and efficiently.
Through Virtual Assistant solutions, machine learning automates
tasks that would otherwise need to be performed by a live agent -
such as changing a password or checking an account balance. This
frees up valuable agent time that can be used to focus on the kind
of customer care that humans perform best: high touch,
complicated decision-making that is not as easily handled by a
machine. At Interactions, we further improve the process by
eliminating the decision of whether a request should be sent to a
human or a machine: unique Adaptive Understanding technology,
the machine learns to be aware of its limitations, and bailout to
humans when it has low confidence in providing the correct
solution.
Use cases of Machine Learning Technology

Machine Learning is broadly used in every industry and has a wide
range of applications, especially that involves collecting, analyzing,
and responding to large sets of data. The importance of Machine
Learning can be understood by these important applications.
Some important applications in which machine learning is widely

used are given below:
1. Healthcare: Machine Learning is widely used in the healthcare

industry. It helps healthcare researchers to analyze data points
and suggest outcomes. Natural language processing helped to
give accurate insights for better results of patients. Further,
machine learning has improved the treatment methods by

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analyzing external data on patients' conditions in terms of X-
ray, Ultrasound, CT-scan, etc. NLP, medical imaging, and
genetic information are key areas of machine learning that
improve the diagnosis, detection, and prediction system in the
healthcare sector.
2. Automation: This is one of the significant applications of
machine learning that helps to make the system automated. It
helps machines to perform repetitive tasks without human
intervention. As a machine learning engineer and data
scientist, you have the responsibilities to solve any given task
multiple times with no errors. However, this is not practically
possible for humans. Hence machine learning has developed
various models to automate the process, having the capability
of performing iterative tasks in lesser time.
3. Banking and Finance: Machine Learning is a subset of AI that
uses statistical models to make accurate predictions. In the
banking and finance sector, machine learning helped in many
ways, such as fraud detection, portfolio management, risk
management, chatbots, document analysis, high-frequency
trading, mortgage underwriting, AML detection, anomaly
detection, risk credit score detection, KYC processing, etc.
Hence, machine learning is widely applied in the banking and
finance sector to reduce error as well as time.
4. Transportation and Traffic Prediction: This is one of the
most common applications of Machine Learning that is widely
used by all individuals in their daily routine. It helps to ensure
highly secured routes, generate accurate ETAs, predict vehicle
breakdown, Driving Prescriptive Analytics, etc. Although
machine learning has solved transportation problems, it still
requires more improvement. Statistical machine learning
algorithms helps to build a smart transportation system.

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Further, deep Learning explored the complex interactions of
roads, highways, traffic, environmental elements, crashes, etc.
Hence, machine learning technology has improved daily traffic
management as well as a collection of traffic data to predict
insights of routes and traffic.
5. Image Recognition: It is one of the most common applications
of machine learning which is used to detect the image over the
internet. Further, various social media sites such as Facebook
uses image recognition for tagging the images to your
Facebook friends with its feature named auto friend tagging
suggestion.
Further, now a day's, almost all mobile devices come with
exciting face detection features. Using this feature, you can
secure your mobile data with face unlocking, so if anyone tries
to access your mobile device, they cannot open without face
recognition.
6. Speech Recognition: Speech recognition is one of the biggest
achievements of machine learning applications. It enables
users to search content without writing text or, in other words,
'search by voice'. It can search content/products on YouTube,
Google, Amazon, etc. platforms by your voice. This technology
is referred to as speech recognition.
It is a process of converting voice instructions into the text;
hence it is also known as 'Speech to text' or 'Computer speech
recognition. Some important examples of speech recognitions
are Google assistant, Siri, Cortana, Alexa, etc.
7. Product Recommendation: It is one of the biggest
achievements made by machine learning which helps various
e-commerce and entertainment companies like Flipkart,
Amazon, Netflix, etc., to digitally advertise their products over
the internet. When anyone searches for any product, they start

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getting an advertisement for the same product while internet
surfing on the same browser.
This is possible by machine learning algorithms that work on
users' interests or past experience and accordingly
recommend them for products. For e.g., when we search for a
laptop on the Amazon platform, then it also gets started with
so many other laptops having the same categories and criteria.
Similarly, when we use Netflix, we find some recommendations
for entertainment series, movies, etc. Hence, this is also
possible by machine learning algorithms.
8. Virtual Personal Assistance: This feature helps us in many
ways, such as searching content using voice instruction,
calling a number using voice, searching contact in your mobile,
playing music, opening an email, Scheduling an appointment,
etc. Now a day, you all have seen advertising like "Alexa! Play
the Music" this is also done with the help of machine learning.
Google Assistant, Alexa, Cortana, Siri, etc., are a few common
applications of machine learning. These virtual personal
assistants record our voice instructions, send them over to the
server on a cloud, decode it using ML algorithms and act
accordingly.
9. Email Spam and Malware detection & Filtering: Machine
learning also helps us for filtering emails in different categories
such as spam, important, general, etc. In this way, users can
easily identify whether the email is useful or spam. This is also
possible by machine learning algorithms such as Multi-Layer
Perceptron, Decision tree, and Naïve Bayes classifier.
Content filter, header filter, rules-based filter, permission filter,
general blacklist filter, etc., are some important spam filters
used by Google.
10. Self-driving cars: This is one of the most exciting applications

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of machine learning. Machine learning plays a vital role in the
manufacturing of self-driving cars. It uses an unsupervised
learning method to train car models to detect people and
objects while driving. Tata and Tesla are the most popular car
manufacturing companies working on self-driving cars. Hence,
it is a big revolution in a technological era which is also done
with the help of machine learning.
11. Credit card fraud detection: Credit card frauds have become
very easy targets for online hackers. As the culture of
online/digital payments is increasing, the risk of credit/debit
cards is parallel increasing. Machine Learning also helps
developers to detect and analyze frauds in online transactions.
It develops a novel fraud detection method for Streaming
Transaction Data, with an objective to analyze the past
transaction details of the customers and extract the behavioral
patterns. Further, cardholders are clustered into various
categories with their transaction amount so that the behavioral
pattern of the groups can be extracted respectively. Hence,
credit card fraud detection is a novel approach using
Aggregation Strategy and Feedback Mechanism of machine
learning.
12. Stock Marketing and Trading: Machine learning also helps in
the stock marketing and trading sector, where it uses historical
trends or past experience for predicting the market risk. As
share marketing is another name of marketing risk, machine
learning reduces it to some extent and predicts data against
marketing risk. Machine learning's long short-term neural
memory network is used for the prediction of stock market
trends.
13. Language Translation: The use of Machine learning can be
seen in language translation. It uses the sequence-to-

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sequence learning algorithms for translating one language into
other. Further, it also uses images recognition techniques to
identify the text from one language to other. Similarly, Google's
GNMT (Google Neural Machine Translation) provides this
feature, which is a Neural Machine Learning that translates the
text into our familiar language, and it is called automatic
translation.
Conclusion:
Machine Learning is directly or indirectly involved in our daily

routine. We have seen various machine learning applications that
are very useful for surviving in this technical world. Although
machine learning is in the developing phase, it is continuously
evolving rapidly. The best thing about machine learning is its High-
value predictions that can guide better decisions and smart actions
in real-time without human intervention. Hence, at the end of this
article, we can say that the machine learning field is very vast, and
its importance is not limited to a specific industry or sector; it is
applicable everywhere for analyzing or predicting future events.

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Advantages and Disadvantages
of Machine Learning
It is a type of artificial intelligence that makes software predict
outcomes more accurately. Machine learning use algorithm and
historical data to predict its outcome more accurately.
Some popular uses of Machine learning include Recommendation

engines, malware threat detection, fraud detection, spam filtering,
Predictive automation, and business process automation.

Machine Learning is significant because it gives corporates,
businesses, and enterprises to observe trends, business operation
patterns, and customer behavior and fosters the development of
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new products. Some leading companies that use machine learning
on a massive scale are Uber, Facebook, Google, Uber, etc. Machine
Learning has emerged as an important differentiator between these
companies.
Machine Learning and its Applications

Machine learning is being used widely, making the future more
predictable. Recommendations we received from Youtube,
Instagram, and Facebook are an application of Machine Learning.
Facebook, now known as Metaverse, uses machine learning to

personalize the experience of its Facebook members. If a member,
while browsing Facebook, stops to see a particular post, the
recommendation engine will note that and start showing similar
kinds of posts.
Other applications of machine learning are:
Human Resource Information Systems: In short, it is also

called an HRIS System, and it is used for identifying the best
candidates for an open position using machine learning models
to filter the applications
Business Intelligence: In short, it is called BI. Machine
Learning is used by vendors in their software to search
potentially important anomalies and patterns of data points.
Customer Relationship Management: The Machine Learning
model used by the CRM software analyzes prompt sales
members responding to important messages first and email.
Virtual Assistants: Smart assistants usually combine
unsupervised and supervised learning machine learning
models to decipher supply context and natural speech.

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Self-Driving cars: Algorithms based on the Machine Learning
model are used to drive the car.
Top Machine Learning Companies

iTechArt
Netguru
MobiDev
ScienceSoft
Infopulse
InDataLabs
DogTown Media
Antworks
Xicom Technologies
Science Soft
Companies Founded Employees Core Pricing

Location
Name in Strength Services Information
Georgia,
United QA and
States Testing
Newyork, Web $25-
iTechArt 2002 1001-5000
United Development $49/hour
States Mobile
London, Development
UK
Web
Development
Warsaw,
Product
Poland,
Design
Karkow, $50-
Netguru 2008 501-1000 Machine
Poland $99/hour
Learning
Poznan,
Mobile
Poland
Development
Product

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Internet of
Things
Development,
Mobile
Georgia,
201-500 Development, $25-$49/
MobiDev United 2009
employees UI/UX design, hour
States
Web
Development
Quality
Assurance
Data Mining,
Machine
McKinney, Learning,
Atlanta, Data
700+
ScienceSoft Texas, 1989 Analytics
employees
Finland, Software,
UAE Image
Analysis, Big
Data
Components of Machine Learning

The main components involved in machine learning are:
Representation: How does it look like, and how will the

information be represented
Evaluation: How the goods models are differentiated and
evaluation of programs
Optimization: The process of finding good models and how
programs generated
Working Model of the Machine Learning

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When we talked about the different types of machine learning,
Unsupervised Learning and supervised Learning played a
central role. Supervised Learning explores the pattern within data to
understand and recognize like groups within the given dataset. In
contrast, supervised data used a set of input variables to predict
the value of an output variable.
1. Unsupervised Learning
Unsupervised Learning uses the most common type of algorithm,

called K-Means or Clustering. It is useful when it comes to
identifying data structure. There may be some situations in which it
becomes difficult to understand trends, and unsupervised Learning
provides an appropriate pattern in data which helps them to inform
better insights.
2. Supervised Learning
It is the widely used machine learning algorithm, and it is the most

common type of machine learning. It is also called Inductive
Learning, including classification and regression. Classification is
when the variable to predict is categorical, and regression is when
the variable to predict is numerical.
Advantages of Machine Learning

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1. Automation
Machine Learning is one of the driving forces behind automation,

and it is cutting down time and human workload. Automation can
now be seen everywhere, and the complex algorithm does the hard
work for the user. Automation is more reliable, efficient, and quick.
With the help of machine learning, now advanced computers are
being designed. Now this advanced computer can handle several
machine-learning models and complex algorithms. However,
automation is spreading faster in the industry but, a lot of research
and innovation are required in this field.
2. Scope of Improvement
Machine Learning is a field where things keep evolving. It gives

many opportunities for improvement and can become the leading
technology in the future. A lot of research and innovation is
happening in this technology, which helps improve software and
hardware.

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3. Enhanced Experience in Online Shopping and Quality
Education
Machine Learning is going to be used in the education sector

extensively, and it will be going to enhance the quality of education
and student experience. It has emerged in China; machine learning
has improved student focus. In the e-commerce field, Machine
Learning studies your search feed and give suggestion based on
them. Depending upon search and browsing history, it pushes
targeted advertisements and notifications to users.
4. Wide Range of Applicability
This technology has a very wide range of applications. Machine

learning plays a role in almost every field, like hospitality, ed-tech,
medicine, science, banking, and business. It creates more
opportunities.
Disadvantages of the Machine Learning

Nothing is perfect in the world. Machine Learning has some serious
limitations, which are bigger than human errors.
1. Data Acquisition
The whole concept of machine learning is about identifying useful

data. The outcome will be incorrect if a credible data source is not
provided. The quality of the data is also significant. If the user or
institution needs more quality data, wait for it. It will cause delays in
providing the output. So, machine learning significantly depends on
the data and its quality.
2. Time and Resources

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The data that machines process remains huge in quantity and
differs greatly. Machines require time so that their algorithm can
adjust to the environment and learn it. Trials runs are held to check
the accuracy and reliability of the machine. It requires massive and
expensive resources and high-quality expertise to set up that
quality of infrastructure. Trials runs are costly as they would cost in
terms of time and expenses.
3. Results Interpretations
One of the biggest advantages of Machine learning is that

interpreted data that we get from the cannot be hundred percent
accurate. It will have some degree of inaccuracy. For a high degree
of accuracy, algorithms should be developed so that they give
reliable results.
4. High Error Chances
The error committed during the initial stages is huge, and if not
corrected at that time, it creates havoc. Biasness and wrongness
have to be dealt with separately; they are not interconnected.
Machine learning depends on two factors, i.e., data and algorithm.
All the errors are dependent on the two variables. Any incorrectness
in any variables would have huge repercussions on the output.
5. Social Changes
Machine learning is bringing numerous social changes in society.

The role of machine learning-based technology in society has
increased multifold. It is influencing the thought process of society
and creating unwanted problems in society. Character
assassination and sensitive details are disturbing the social fabric of
society.

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6. Elimination of Human Interface
Automation, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning have

eliminated human interface from some work. It has eliminated
employment opportunities. Now, all those works are conducted with
the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning.
7. Changing Nature of Jobs
With the advancement of machine learning, the nature of the job is

changing. Now, all the work are done by machine, and it is eating up
the jobs for human which were done earlier by them. It is difficult for
those without technical education to adjust to these changes.
8. Highly Expensive
This software is highly expensive, and not everybody can own it.
Government agencies, big private firms, and enterprises mostly
own it. It needs to be made accessible to everybody for wide use.
9. Privacy Concern
As we know that one of the pillars of machine learning is data. The

collection of data has raised the fundamental question of privacy.
The way data is collected and used for commercial purposes has
always been a contentious issue. In India, the Supreme court of
India has declared privacy a fundamental right of Indians. Without
the user's permission, data cannot be collected, used, or stored.
However, many cases have come up that big firms collect the data
without the user's knowledge and using it for their commercial
gains.
10. Research and Innovations

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Machine learning is evolving concept. This area has not seen any
major developments yet that fully revolutionized any economic
sector. The area requires continuous research and innovation.

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Machine Learning Algorithms
Machine Learning algorithms are the programs that can learn the
hidden patterns from the data, predict the output, and improve the
performance from experiences on their own. Different algorithms
can be used in machine learning for different tasks, such as simple
linear regression that can be used for prediction problems like
stock market prediction, and the KNN algorithm can be used
for classification problems.
In this topic, we will see the overview of some popular and most
commonly used machine learning algorithms along with their use
cases and categories.
Types of Machine Learning Algorithms

Machine Learning Algorithm can be broadly classified into three
types:
1. Supervised Learning Algorithms

2. Unsupervised Learning Algorithms
3. Reinforcement Learning algorithm
The below diagram illustrates the different ML algorithm, along with

the categories:
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1) Supervised Learning Algorithm
Supervised learning is a type of Machine learning in which the

machine needs external supervision to learn. The supervised
learning models are trained using the labeled dataset. Once the
training and processing are done, the model is tested by providing a
sample test data to check whether it predicts the correct output.
The goal of supervised learning is to map input data with the output
data. Supervised learning is based on supervision, and it is the
same as when a student learns things in the teacher's supervision.
The example of supervised learning is spam filtering.
Supervised learning can be divided further into two categories of

problem:
Classification

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Regression
Examples of some popular supervised learning algorithms are

Simple Linear regression, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, KNN
algorithm, etc. Read more..
2) Unsupervised Learning Algorithm
It is a type of machine learning in which the machine does not need

any external supervision to learn from the data, hence called
unsupervised learning. The unsupervised models can be trained
using the unlabelled dataset that is not classified, nor categorized,
and the algorithm needs to act on that data without any
supervision. In unsupervised learning, the model doesn't have a
predefined output, and it tries to find useful insights from the huge
amount of data. These are used to solve the Association and
Clustering problems. Hence further, it can be classified into two
types:
Clustering
Association
Examples of some Unsupervised learning algorithms are K-means

Clustering, Apriori Algorithm, Eclat, etc. Read more..
3) Reinforcement Learning
In Reinforcement learning, an agent interacts with its environment

by producing actions, and learn with the help of feedback. The
feedback is given to the agent in the form of rewards, such as for
each good action, he gets a positive reward, and for each bad
action, he gets a negative reward. There is no supervision provided

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to the agent. Q-Learning algorithm is used in reinforcement
learning. Read more…
List of Popular Machine Learning Algorithm

1. Linear Regression Algorithm
2. Logistic Regression Algorithm
3. Decision Tree
4. SVM
5. Naïve Bayes
6. KNN
7. K-Means Clustering
8. Random Forest
9. Apriori
10. PCA
1. Linear Regression
Linear regression is one of the most popular and simple machine

learning algorithms that is used for predictive analysis. Here,
predictive analysis defines prediction of something, and linear
regression makes predictions for continuous numbers such as
salary, age, etc.
It shows the linear relationship between the dependent and

independent variables, and shows how the dependent variable(y)
changes according to the independent variable (x).
It tries to best fit a line between the dependent and independent

variables, and this best fit line is knowns as the regression line.
The equation for the regression line is:

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y= a0+ a*x+ b
Here, y= dependent variable
x= independent variable
a0 = Intercept of line.
Linear regression is further divided into two types:
Simple Linear Regression: In simple linear regression, a

single independent variable is used to predict the value of the
dependent variable.
Multiple Linear Regression: In multiple linear regression,
more than one independent variables are used to predict the
value of the dependent variable.
The below diagram shows the linear regression for prediction of

weight according to height: Read more..
2. Logistic Regression
Logistic regression is the supervised learning algorithm, which is

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used to predict the categorical variables or discrete values. It
can be used for the classification problems in machine learning, and
the output of the logistic regression algorithm can be either Yes or
NO, 0 or 1, Red or Blue, etc.
Logistic regression is similar to the linear regression except how

they are used, such as Linear regression is used to solve the
regression problem and predict continuous values, whereas
Logistic regression is used to solve the Classification problem and
used to predict the discrete values.
Instead of fitting the best fit line, it forms an S-shaped curve that
lies between 0 and 1. The S-shaped curve is also known as a
logistic function that uses the concept of the threshold. Any value
above the threshold will tend to 1, and below the threshold will tend
to 0. Read more..
3. Decision Tree Algorithm
A decision tree is a supervised learning algorithm that is mainly

used to solve the classification problems but can also be used for
solving the regression problems. It can work with both categorical
variables and continuous variables. It shows a tree-like structure
that includes nodes and branches, and starts with the root node
that expand on further branches till the leaf node. The internal
node is used to represent the features of the dataset, branches
show the decision rules, and leaf nodes represent the outcome
of the problem.
Some real-world applications of decision tree algorithms are

identification between cancerous and non-cancerous cells,
suggestions to customers to buy a car, etc. Read more..

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4. Support Vector Machine Algorithm
A support vector machine or SVM is a supervised learning

algorithm that can also be used for classification and regression
problems. However, it is primarily used for classification problems.
The goal of SVM is to create a hyperplane or decision boundary
that can segregate datasets into different classes.
The data points that help to define the hyperplane are known as
support vectors, and hence it is named as support vector machine
algorithm.
Some real-life applications of SVM are face detection, image

classification, Drug discovery, etc. Consider the below diagram:
As we can see in the above diagram, the hyperplane has classified

datasets into two different classes. Read more..
5. Naïve Bayes Algorithm:

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Naïve Bayes classifier is a supervised learning algorithm, which is
used to make predictions based on the probability of the object.
The algorithm named as Naïve Bayes as it is based on Bayes
theorem, and follows the naïve assumption that says' variables are
independent of each other.
The Bayes theorem is based on the conditional probability; it means

the likelihood that event(A) will happen, when it is given that
event(B) has already happened. The equation for Bayes theorem is
given as:
Naïve Bayes classifier is one of the best classifiers that provide a

good result for a given problem. It is easy to build a naïve bayesian
model, and well suited for the huge amount of dataset. It is mostly
used for text classification. Read more..
6. K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN)
K-Nearest Neighbour is a supervised learning algorithm that can be

used for both classification and regression problems. This algorithm
works by assuming the similarities between the new data point and
available data points. Based on these similarities, the new data
points are put in the most similar categories. It is also known as the
lazy learner algorithm as it stores all the available datasets and
classifies each new case with the help of K-neighbours. The new
case is assigned to the nearest class with most similarities, and any
distance function measures the distance between the data points.
The distance function can be Euclidean, Minkowski, Manhattan,
or Hamming distance, based on the requirement. Read more..

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7. K-Means Clustering
K-means clustering is one of the simplest unsupervised learning

algorithms, which is used to solve the clustering problems. The
datasets are grouped into K different clusters based on similarities
and dissimilarities, it means, datasets with most of the
commonalties remain in one cluster which has very less or no
commonalities between other clusters. In K-means, K-refers to the
number of clusters, and means refer to the averaging the dataset in
order to find the centroid.
It is a centroid-based algorithm, and each cluster is associated with

a centroid. This algorithm aims to reduce the distance between the
data points and their centroids within a cluster.
This algorithm starts with a group of randomly selected centroids

that form the clusters at starting and then perform the iterative
process to optimize these centroids' positions.
It can be used for spam detection and filtering, identification of fake

news, etc. Read more..
8. Random Forest Algorithm
Random forest is the supervised learning algorithm that can be

used for both classification and regression problems in machine
learning. It is an ensemble learning technique that provides the
predictions by combining the multiple classifiers and improve the
performance of the model.
It contains multiple decision trees for subsets of the given dataset,

and find the average to improve the predictive accuracy of the
model. A random-forest should contain 64-128 trees. The greater

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number of trees leads to higher accuracy of the algorithm.
To classify a new dataset or object, each tree gives the

classification result and based on the majority votes, the algorithm
predicts the final output.
Random forest is a fast algorithm, and can efficiently deal with the
missing & incorrect data. Read more..
9. Apriori Algorithm
Apriori algorithm is the unsupervised learning algorithm that is used

to solve the association problems. It uses frequent itemsets to
generate association rules, and it is designed to work on the
databases that contain transactions. With the help of these
association rule, it determines how strongly or how weakly two
objects are connected to each other. This algorithm uses a
breadth-first search and Hash Tree to calculate the itemset
efficiently.
The algorithm process iteratively for finding the frequent itemsets

from the large dataset.
The apriori algorithm was given by the R. Agrawal and Srikant in

the year 1994. It is mainly used for market basket analysis and
helps to understand the products that can be bought together. It
can also be used in the healthcare field to find drug reactions in
patients. Read more..
10. Principle Component Analysis
Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is an unsupervised learning

technique, which is used for dimensionality reduction. It helps in

Page 10 of 11
reducing the dimensionality of the dataset that contains many
features correlated with each other. It is a statistical process that
converts the observations of correlated features into a set of
linearly uncorrelated features with the help of orthogonal
transformation. It is one of the popular tools that is used for
exploratory data analysis and predictive modeling.
PCA works by considering the variance of each attribute because

the high variance shows the good split between the classes, and
hence it reduces the dimensionality.
Some real-world applications of PCA are image processing, movie

recommendation system, optimizing the power allocation in various
communication channels. Read more..

Page 11 of 11

Importance of Machine Learning

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Importance of Machine Learning

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Importance of Machine Learning

Machine Learning is one of the most popular sub-fields of Artificial

Currently, Machine Learning is under the development phase, and

What is Machine Learning?

https://www.javatpoint.com/importance-of-machine-learnin…20because,the%20development%20of%20new%20products. 05/04/24, 7:24 AM

How Machine Learning Works?

It involves data exploration and pattern matching with minimal

Supervised Learning is a machine learning method that needs

It is classified into two different categories of algorithms. These are

Classification: It deals when output is in the form of a

This technology allows us to collect or produce data output from

https://www.javatpoint.com/importance-of-machine-learnin…20because,the%20development%20of%20new%20products. 05/04/24, 7:24 AM

Unlike supervised learning, unsupervised Learning does not require

It is classified into two different categories of algorithms. These are

Clustering: It deals when there is a requirement of inherent

Semi-supervised Learning is defined as the combination of both

https://www.javatpoint.com/importance-of-machine-learnin…20because,the%20development%20of%20new%20products. 05/04/24, 7:24 AM

Speech analysis, web content classification, protein sequence

Reinforcement learning is defined as a feedback-based machine