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A

WINTER TRAINING REPORT

ON

FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR


FOR DIFFERENT BATHING SOAP BRANDS

SUBMITTED BY:
THUMMAR PAYAL V.
(13BBA107)

GUIDED BY:
Ms. SVETLANA PATEL

BBA PROGRAMME
(2015-16)

SHREE J.D.GABANI COMMERCE COLLEGE AND


SHREE SWAMI ATMANANSD SARASWATI COLLEGE
OF MANAGEMENT, VNSGU, SURAT
COLLEGE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the winter project report has been prepared by
Thummar Payal V. (13BBA107), under my guidance and supervision. This
project embodied the result of her work and is of standard expected from a
candidate for the degree of BBA.

This report submitted towards the partial the fulfilment of the requirement
for the degree of BBA has been found satisfactory.

I/C PRINCIPAL FACULTY GUIDE


Dr.P.R.Patel Ms. Svetlana Patel

Date:
Place: Surat

I
DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this winter project report submitted to SHREE J.D.
GABANI COMMERCE COLLEGE AND SHREE ATMANAND SARSWATI
COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT Surat, in the fulfilment of requirement of
BBA degree is result of my own carried out during january-february
2016.

This project report is entirely an outcome of my own efforts and has not
been previously submitted to any other university or institute for any
other examination and for other purpose by any other person.

DATE: THUMMAR PAYAL V.


PLACE: 13BBA107

II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction and euphoria that‟s company the successful completion


of any task would be incomplete without mention the leader, whose
constant guidance and encouragement grown all the effort with success.

I am highly obliged to the Veer Narmad South Gujarat University for


arranging the programmes of practical training in BBA.

It is my privilege to express my beet sense of gratitude to our I/C


Principle Dr.Parvatbhai Pateland our respective guide Ms. Svetlana
Patel for this efforts, guidance valuable comments and suggestion for
making this report. She helped me to complete my report on the practical
study and gave contribution to improved and expand my practical
knowledge.

Finally, it express my intense gratitude to my parents whose blessing has


help me to translate my efforts into beautiful achievement.

Thummar Payal v.
13BBA107

III
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This is my project report prepared the study on Factor Affecting


Consumer Behaviour related to different bathing soap brands. This
report is prepared with the help of primary as well as secondary data.
This report includes six chapters.

The first chapter is introduction. This chapter involves overview of the


bathing soaps and history of the bathing industry and overview of Indian
scenario of the bathing soaps.

The second chapter is industry profile. This includes product


characteristics, product segment, branded and packaged food and
beverages, bathing soaps industry, low priced brands, better quality,
nature of the global industry, promotion of the product and branding.
The third chapter is literature review for deals with the problem that has
been already studied in the past by different research scholars and their
conclusions and recommendation have been mentioned here.

The fourth chapter is research methodology. It includes the information


about problem statement, research objective, research design, variable
under the study, tools for data collection, sampling design, tool for data
analysis and limitation of the study where research is done.

The fifth chapter is data analysis. It involves analysis of brands soap,


which brands have purchased, analysis of most attractive factors of the
soap brands, preferred packet size of brands, analysis of number of times
used soap in day their body, and analysis of influence of the brands.

The sixth chapter is findings followed by conclusion.

IV
TABLE OF CONTENT

SR NO TOPIC PAGE NO

 TITLE PAGE -

 COLLEGE CERTIFICATE -

 DECLARATION -

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -

01 INTRODUCTION 1

02 INDUSTRY PROFILE 5

03 LITERATURE REVIEW 15

04 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 18

05 DATA ANALYSIS 21

06 FINDINGS 38

07 CONCLUSION 39

 BIBLIOGRAPHY -

 ANNEXURE -

V
CHAPTER:1

INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF SOAP

Although no one really knows when soap was discovered, there are
various legends surrounding its beginning. According to roman legend,
soap was named after mount sapo, an ancient site of animal sacrifices.
After an animal sacrifices, rain would wash animal fat and that collect
under the ceremonial altars down to the banks of the Tiber River.

Women washing clothes in the river noticed that if they washed their
clothes in certain parts of the river a heavy rain clothes were much
cleaner. Thus the emergence of the first soap-or at least the first use of
soap.

A soap like material found in clay cylinders during the excavation of


ancient Babylon is evidence that soap making was known as early as
2800b.c. inscriptions on the cylinders sat that fats were boiled with
ashes, a soap- making method.

Moses gave the Israelites detailed laws governing personal cleanliness.


Biblical accounts suggest that the Israelites knew that mixing ashes and
oil produced a kind of hair gel. Soap is mentioned twice in bible, but it is
generally agreed that the Hebrew word “borith”, which has been translate
as soap, is a generic term for any cleansing agent.

By the second century A.D., the Greek physician, Galen recommended


soap for both medical and cleansing purposes.

Bathing habits all over Europe rose and declined with Roman civilization.
When Rome fell 467 A.D., so did bathing. Its said that the lack of
cleanliness and poor living conditions contributes to the many plagues of
the middle ages.

Not until the seventh century did soap makers appear in Spain and Italy
where soap was made with goat fat and beech tree ashes. During the
same period, the French started using olive oil to make soap. Eventually,
fragrances were introduced and specialized soaps for bathing, shaving,

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shampooing, and laundry began to appear. King Louis XIV of France
apparently guillotined three soap makers for making a bar irritated his
very sensitive Royal skin.

The English began making soap during the 12th century. In 1633 king
Charles I grated a 14 year monopoly to the society of soap makers of
Westminster. In the reign of Elizabeth I, soap consumption in England
was greater than in any other European country. It seems that Queen
Bess set the fashion herself, for it was reported that the Queen took a
bath every four weeks “whether it was necessary or not.” Just as the soap
industry was gaining momentum in England; it became the subject of a
series of restriction and crippling taxation. it was not until 1853 that
gladstone abolished the tax on soap.

It wasn‟t until the 18th century that bathing came into fashion. In 1791,
the French chemist Nicolas Leblanc discovered how to extract soda from
common salt. Around the same time, Louis Pasteur proclaimed that good
personal hygiene would reduced the spread of diseases.

By the beginning of the 19th century, soap making was one of the fastest
growing industries in the U.S. rural Americans made homemade soap
using a process from the colonial times. They save from their fires for
months. When they had enough fat left over from butchering hogs they
would make soap.

old fashioned Iye was made using hardwood ashes, a barrel or ash
hopper, and rainwater. Holes were drilled in the bottom of a barrel. The
barrel was placed on a grooved stone slab which rested on a pile of rocks.
A layer of gravel was placed over the holes .then a layer of straw, twigs,
and sticks was placed on top of the gravel as a filter to prevent the ashes
from getting in the solution. After filling a barrel with hardwood ashes,
rainwater was pored through the ashes to leach out the brown Iye liquid
which would flow into the groove around the stone slab and drip down
into a container. Some soap makers used an ash hopper for making Iye

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instead of the barrel methods. Using the same basic process, the Iye
dripped into a container located underneath the hopper.

The most different part of early soap making was determining if the Iye
was the correct strength. The “Iye water” was considered the proper
strength to make soap when an egg or small potato placed in the solution
floated about halfway beneath the surface of the solution. If the egg or
potato floated in top, the Iye was too strong. If it sank quickly, the Iye
was too weak. Some early soap makers used goose or chicken feathers to
test their Iye. If a feather inserted in the Iye water began to dissolve in it,
then the Iye water was at the right strength.

During World War I, commercial soap, as we know it today, came into


existence. The injuries of war brought an increased need for cleaning
agents. However, at the same time, the ingredients needed to make soap
were scarce. German scientists aerated a new form of “soap” made with
various synthetic compounds and as result detergents, were born. Most
commercial soaps available today are actually detergents, which are
made with petroleum by products. Since these “soaps” are detergents, by
law cannot be called soap. Chances are that when you see a soap called
“body cleanser”, it is not soap at all.

After the great war until 1930‟s soap was made by a method called batch
kettle boiling. Commercial soap makers had huge three story kettles that
produced thousands of pounds of soap over the course of about a week.
Shortly thereafter, an invention called continuous process was
introduced and refined by Procter gamble. This process decreased soap
making production time to less than a day. Large commercial soap
manufactures sit use continuous process.

SOAP OF TODAY

Today there is heightened awareness of the possible adverse effects of


many of the synthetic addictives and chemicals in commercial soap.
Educated consumers are turning to all natural products like like ours.

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Even large companies are starting to advertise “natural ingredients does
not make a product” all natural.” It is virtually impossible for large
companies to create natural, handsome soaps.

With the turn of century, better detergents were available. For example,
dish washing powders, liquid detergents, bars, liquid hand washes,
bathing soaps etc. Today, a vast variety of bathing products are available
commercially. It includes body washes and shower gels. Most of these are
partially or entirely made up of detergents and other chemicals.
Therefore, the term „soap‟ is a misnomer for most o them. It might be a
detergent, unless its packaging explicitly claims it to be„soap‟. Even then,
it has many added chemicals. Shampoos available in the market are mild
form of detergents.

The common bathing bars also do not claim to be entirely soaps. It is


therefore a good idea to check the label of your bathing bar or gel. You
will and out its contents and can be sure whether it is soap or a
detergent. For example, sodium Llaureth Sulphate is present in many
soap and most of the shampoos and hand washes. If you do a little
research, you will find that is a surfactant and a very common foaming
agent. Prolonged contact of sodium Laureth Sulphate irritates skin. Many
such harmful chemicals and detergents components are presents in our
cleansing products. They make these products harmful for skin. They
might cause skin irritation, roughness, dryness and skin allergies. Some
of them can cause cancer.

Hence, use of herbal soaps made up of naturals oils and herb extracts is
strongly recommended. It protects and nourishes skin. It helps to get rid
of harmful chemicals that are presents in commercial bathing and
cleansing products.

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CHAPTER:2
INDUSTRY PROFILE
The Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector is the fourth largest
sector in the economy with a total market size in excess of Rs 60,000
Crore. This industry essentially comprises Consumer Non Durable (CND)
products and caters to the everyday need of the population.

Product Characteristics
Products belonging to the FMCG segment generally have the following
characteristics:
 They are used at least once a month
 They are used directly by the end-consumer
 They are non-durable
 They are sold in packaged form
 They are branded

Industry Segments
The main segments of the FMCG sector are:

 Personal Care:
oral care; hair care; skin care; personal wash (soaps) cosmetics and
toiletries; deodorants; perfumes; paper products (tissues, diapers,
sanitary); shoe care. Major companies active in this segment include
Hindustan Lever; Godrej Soaps, Colgate-Palmolive, Marico, Dabur and
Procter &Gamble.

 Household Care:
fabric wash (laundry soaps and synthetic detergents); household cleaners
(dish/utensil cleaners, floor cleaners, toilet cleaners, air fresheners,
insecticides and mosquito repellents, metal polish and furniture polish).
Major companies active in this segment include Hindustan Lever, Nirma
and Reckitt & Colman.

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 Branded and Packaged Food and Beverages:
health beverages; soft drinks; staples/cereals; bakery products(biscuits,
bread, cakes); snack food; chocolates; ice cream; tea; coffee; processed
fruits, vegetables and meat; dairy products; bottled water; branded flour;
branded rice; branded sugar; juices etc.

Major companies active in this segment include Hindustan Lever, Nestle,


Cadbury and Dabur.

Spirits and Tobacco Major Companies active in this segment include ITC,
Godfrey Philips, UB and Shaw Wallace.

An exact product-wise sales break up for each of the items is difficult.


The size of the fabric wash market is estimated to be Rs 4500 crore; of
household cleaners to be Rs 1100 crore; of personal wash products to be
Rs 4000 crore; of hair care products to be Rs 2600 crore; of oral care
products to be Rs 2600 crore; of health beverages to be Rs 1100 crore; of
bread and biscuits to be Rs 8000 crore ; of chocolates to be Rs 350 crore
and of ice cream to be Rs 900 crore.

In volume terms, the production of toilet soap is estimated to have grown


by four per cent in 1999-2000 from 5,30,000 tonnes from 5,10,000
tonnes in 1998-99. The production of synthetic detergents has grown by
eight per cent in 1999-2000 to 2.6 million tonnes. The cosmetics and
toiletries segment has registered a 15 per cent growth in 1999-2000 as
against an annual growth of 30 per cent recorded during the period
1992-93 to 1997-98.

In the packaged food and beverage segment, ice cream has registered a
negligible growth and the soft drink industry has registered a six per cent
growth in 1999-2000.

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Bathing Soap Industry in India:

Today, the FMCG sector is the fourth-largest sector in the Indian


economy, with an estimated total market size of around Rs450 bn.
Further, the growth potential for all the FMCG companies is huge, as the
per capita consumption of almost all products in the country is amongst
the lowest in the world. Further, if these companies can change
consumer's mindset and offer new generation products, they would be
able to generate higher growth. For example, Indian consumers used to
wear non-branded clothes for years, but today, clothes of different brands
are available and the same consumers are willing to pay almost 5 times
more for branded quality clothes. It is the quality and innovation of
products, which is really driving many sectors. Thus, FMCG companies
should use their imagination and respect the tastes of Indian consumers
by offering quality products.

Bathing soap industry is one of the oldest Fast Moving Consumer Goods
(FMCG) industries in India. It is among the highest penetrated category
within FMCG sector reaching an estimated 95% urban and 87% of the
rural households. In value terms the industry is worth Rs.45000million
and in volume terms it is worth .53 million. The main characteristic of
the industry was severe competition and high level of brand proliferation.
Toilet soapsaccount for more than 50% of the Consumer.

After expanding at a snail' pace, the market for personal wash products
appears to have come to grinding halt in 2001.

After posting a modest single digit growth in 1997-2000, figures for the
first seven months of this year suggest that the market for toilet soaps
has actually shrunk.

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Estimates about the extent of the decline of market size vary. Hindustan
Lever, which straddles the category with a 59.9 per cent market share by
value, says the market shrank by 4.4 per cent in value terms in the first
half of 2001.

The Indian Soaps and Toiletries Manufacturers Association, puts the


decline at 1 per cent. Other industry sources suggest that the extent of
`de-growth' in the first eight months of 2001 could be as high as 7 per
cent.

This is despite the fact that this usually sleepy category has seen a spate
of new player‟s debut new offerings in recent times. Over the past couple
of years, Nirma has launched a slew of lowpricedsoaps under the banner
of Nima and Nirma Beauty. Godrej Consumer, a long-standing player,
has relaunched old brands such as Cinthol, apart from new ones such as
FairGlow, Allcare, and Nikhar.

Henkel SPIC has made a maiden foray into the market with the Far range
of soaps. Colgate Palmolive has pepped up its soap range with extensions
such as Palmolive Naturals and Palmolive Extra Care. The market leader
HLL has relaunched Breeze, apart from launching Skin Care and
Sunscreen variants of its premium soap -- Lux International.

If the shrinking market size suggests that Indian consumers have


actually been cutting back on their use of toilet soaps, this is not really
the case. In volume terms, the market for toilet soaps has continued to
show a growth of 6 per cent in the first eight months of 2001.

The major players have certainly managed to sell more toile soaps by
volume. But price competition in the segment and a slew of promotional
campaigns has reduced the effective realisations per unit sold. This has
probably neutralised the gains from volume expansion. Theories about
the reasons for the shrinking the market sizes vary.

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Low-priced brands

Industry players commonly attribute the `de-growth' in the soap market


to down trading. Toilet soaps are among the highest penetrated products
within the FMCG market, reaching an estimated 95 per cent of the urban
and 87 per cent of the rural households. The fairly high contribution
from the rural market makes this category sensitive to the fortunes of the
agricultural economy.

The prolonged drought in the North and West of the country (until 2000)
and the sharp fall in farm disposable incomes (brought on by falling farm
product prices) has probably persuaded low- income households to down
trade, that is, switch from high- to low-priced brands.

This is indeed supported by the fact that within toilet soaps, it is the
discount segment (soaps that cost between Rs 5 and Rs 8per 75 grams)
that has registered the highest growth rates over the past year.

HLL too appears to endorse the phenomenon of down trading. ``There


has been an inter-sectoral shift in the soap market, with consumers
down trading from premium and popular to discount soaps'', explains the
company's spokesperson.

However, Mr HoshedarK. Press, Godrej Consumer Care, begs to differ.


``We think consumers have already pre-committed their incomes for
instalments on durables. The substitution of soap with shampoos for hair
wash has also impacted growth'', he said.

Better quality
The crowded market place has also brought a few benefits to the
consumer as marketers of soap have tried to woo consumers through
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upgraded offerings and better quality soaps. Aided by low input prices,
the marketers of toilet soaps have increased the TFM (total fatty matter)
content in their brands, to offer better quality soaps at a lower price.
Industry watchers say that the TFM content on some brands has moved
up from the 50-60 per cent earlier to over 70 per cent of late.
Therefore, per unit realisations on soaps have declined, the marketers of
soaps have actually sacrificed a part of their margins on hiking the TFM
content.

Tough times ahead


With competitive pressures on the rise and a larger number of brands
jostling for consumer attention in a sluggish market, the soap market is
likely to remain a difficult one for most players. Smaller players such as
Godrej Consumer and Henkel SPIC have been in a position to report
robust sales growth in the category over the past year despite the
bruising competition.

However, this is partly due to a relatively small base of comparison.


Unless the market expands, the frenetic promotional activity may soon
tell on the growth rate of the players. And when it comes to sustaining a
high decibel promotional campaign, HLL's size certainly gives it the
wherewithal to do it.

Rural revival -- A wild card


It appears that a genuine boost to the market size for toilet soaps will still
have to come from a revival in rural demand. Evidence from the past
does appear to suggest that a sharp rise in rural incomes would have a
cascading effect on FMCG demand. The pick-up in volume growth in the
soap market in 1999, after a year of sluggish growth in 1998,
demonstrated that a recovery in agricultural output does have an indirect
impact on sales volumes of FMCG products.

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This year, reports of a good monsoon in the northern and western parts
of the country have sparked off speculation about a revival in FMCG
growth rates. The fact these two regions account for 55 per cent of the
demand for FMCG products strengthens this argument. However, it
appears to be a bit early in the day to call it a revival. For one, while the
northern and western regions have received satisfactory rains, southern
India has been the victim of a very erratic monsoon. Second, given that
the good monsoon in the current year succeeds two or three consecutive
years of drought in some regions, there could be a substantial time lag
before higher rural incomes translate into better FMCG demand.

Third, the key crisis in agriculture over the past year has been that farm
product prices have dropped sharply in response to a build up of surplus
food grain stocks. Therefore, even if a good monsoon translates into a
higher agricultural output, there is the question of whether this will
actually expand or shrink farm incomes.

These factors suggest that it may be premature to take investment


exposures in companies focussed on toilet soaps in the hope of a revival.
It may be better to wait for concrete signs of a pick-up in rural demand,
which is certainly some way off.

Nature of the global Industry


The global soap market is dominated by a small number of multinational
companies. Soap is only one sector of their product ranges. In
multinational companies such as Unilever and Procter &Gamble, soap
and detergent ranges typically account for less than 20% of group
turnover.

The largest toilet soaps and detergents only company, by volume sales, is
the Unilever Group, which has strong presence in all regional markets in
the world. The top ten leading manufacturers and distributors of soap

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worldwide account for more than 55% of total sales by value in , totalling
in excess of US$80 billion.

Position Company % Value of World


1 Unilever 10.07
2 Procter & Gamble 7.41
3 Gillette Groups 7.66
4 Colgate Palmolive 4.5

Promotion and branding


Soap manufacturers start their marketing strategy by first identifying
whether a marketing opportunity exists. They proceed to determine
whether to target the mass market or a niche market, and subsequently
position their products. Very often, “me-too” looking products, despite
their superior performance, fail to break the barrier of routine buyer
behaviour. Where the market is crowded, companies try to differentiate
their products by new forms or new packaging concepts.

With the increase in both domestic and global competition, companies


have to deal with and reconcile two conflicting elements in marketing
strategy – namely profitability and market share.

Market share involves higher marketing costs and lower profitability. In


India, Hindustan Lever's share of the soap and detergent market was
dented severely by theNirma (an Indian national, privately owned
company) strategy of developing a product especially for the poor, until
Lever managed to develop its own product.

A teaser ad on Lux soap recently unleashed by FMCG-major Hindustan


Soap which protects fairness -- in evident competition to Godrej's Fair
Glow fairness soap.

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The Lux commercial was kicked off almost in tandem with the launch of
FairGlow, which is touted as India's first fairness soap. FairGlow has
marked a breakthrough in the stagnant toilet soaps market and has
kindled hopes of fuelling growth with the creation of a new category.

The industry was rife with speculation that market leader HLL would
follow in the footsteps of Godrej Soaps to launch a soap product on the
same USP. While details of the proposed Lux soap are not available, the
product is expected to be launched in the next fortnight.

The ad depicts how, by using the soap, one can block the sun rays from
tanning the skin surface. However, the ad does not reveal the name of
the product. But it clearly signals that a new product offering from the
Lux stable, albeit on the fairness plank, is in the pipeline. It has been a
couple of weeks since the teaser ad was launched on select channels.

The move is seen by industry observers as a knee-jerk reaction to combat


the launch of Fair Glow. The only catch here is that while Godrej Soaps
directly claims delivering fairness through FairGlow, the proposed Lux
product talks about protecting fairness by offering sunscreen benefits.
FairGlow is being promoted as a beauty and complexion soap which
contains a bio-extract called natural Oxy-G which is said to make skin
fairer naturally.

For Levers, point out industry analyst, it is crucial to defend any market
share erosion at a time when the industry is strutting at growth levels of
2-3 per cent per annum. Given that the Rs 2,900 croreindustry has
reached saturation levels in penetration in both urban and rural
markets, it is becoming increasingly challenging for marketers to develop
value-added soap products in the market.

Industry analysts point out that manufacturer will have to design


products which offer unique benefits so as to stoke volumes growth. It is

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not surprising then that FairGlow is targeted at both men and women.
Research findings show that a section of men tooare users of fairness
creams.

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CHAPTER:3

LITERATURE REVIEW
Anderson and Oliver (2006) in this study its purpose that”
eventual customers loyalty is role perceived product superiority, personal
fortitude, social bonding, and their synergistic effects.” Further analysis
of Oliver‟s discussion tend to suggest not that loyalty is commitment, but
that loyalty is an aspect of commitment called attitudinal or emotional
component of commitment.

Bolton And Drew (2007)In his article, an analysis of “To search out
the impact of name loyalty among soap customers. The bathrub soaps
market is dominant by many leading nationals, international, and native
brands”.Bath soap is would like for all families and day to day basic
demand of any client. It is thought of as flushing out and beautifying
merchandise that is sometimes used for cleansing one‟s body. popular
brands area unit hamam, lux, power, dove, rexona, medimix, cinthol,
pears. Mystore shoe and lifeboy. The existence of various wholes created
the customers troublesome to differentiate every brands from each other.
Review of literature customers, may also be loyal because they are
satisfied and thus want to continue the relationship. History has proven
that most barriers to exit are limited with regard to durability companies
tend to consider customer satisfaction the only S.Dhanalakshmi
international journal of pharmacy & technology in order to keep existing
customers. Several authors have found a positive correlation between
customer‟s satisfaction and loyalty.

Ogba, (2008) in this studyObjectives of the study “To find out product
attributes that are related to baths soaps can influence the purchase of
the customers”. Brands image often influence a customer‟s expectation
and consequently satisfaction with a product or service

Oliver, (2009) In their articale he says that, “About customers loyalty


and the factors that affecting on it such as service quality,switching
barriers, and brand image,all researcher gave several defination of
customer loyalty, each definition expect type of product or definition of
customerloyalty, each definition expect type of product or service, but

15
there are some things are similarity between their definations.”defines
loyalty as a deeply held commitment to re buy product consistent in the
future, thereby causing repetitive same brand or same brands set
purchasing. as, repeatedly purchase a goods or service, or towards the
company supplying the goods or service. But the deference between their
definition are the factors that affecting on customers loyalty for example
the factors that affecting on loyalty to cars are different the factors that
affecting on loyalty on mobile.

Mak-Mensah,(2011) In this study“Varios attempts have been made


to produce soap by first decomposing the or oil into fatty acids and
glycerin, and then converting the acids into the soap by treatment with
sodium or potassium carbonate.” palm oil and oil soap prepared using
different blends shogemansuratoluwatoyin (2011) sheabutter oil and
palm kernel oil soap prepared using different blends eke U.B.
dosumuet.al(2004) sheanut oil and usingcold process synthesis.

Sutana Tania (2011) In this study” retailers and customer


satisfaction bathing soap” the main purpose of the document is to have a
full proof knowledge regarding the performance of soap in the market
against its customer. This will be help soap assess its weckness and
strengths and the opportunities and treat that they have in their brand
and ways to overcome.

Muthuvelayutham(2012) In his study titled” the study of cosumer


brand loyalty on soap with special reference to Madurai” analyzes the
relationship between demographic variables on brand loyalty on the
cosnsumer and tries to identify the consumer switching factors in soap.
To indicate the ammont of correlation between the variables chi square
test was used in this study. Result show among the variabl age,
education level and gender have the most significant impact on cosumer
brand loyalty.

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Kureshisonal and vyaspreeta (2013) research associates at IIM,
ahemdabad. In this research titled” study of sale promotion activities in
bathing soap category, an insight into consumer and retailer perception”
In this paper an attempt has been made examine the nature of sales
promotional activities, in bathing soap category in india, study retailers
perceptions with respect to these activities and also get insight into
consumer perception of these activities.

Allison E.Aiello, Elaine L. Larson, and stuart B. (2013)In this


studyThe purpose of this review was “To assess the that have examined
the efficacy of product containing triclosan, compared with that of plain
soap, in the community setting, as well as to evaluate findings that
address potential hazards of this use-namely, the emergence of
antibiotic-resistant bacteria”.Levy in this article much has been written
recently about the potential hazards versus benefits of antibacterial
containing soaps.

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CHAPTER:4
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
4.1. Need for research
In recent time, people want different types of bathing soaps in daily
routine. There are numbers of bathing soap brands available in market.
But people consider many factors through which they get satisfaction.
The factors like packaging, quality, ingredients, softness, availability, etc.
So the researcher need to study on the consumer behaviour related to
different bathing soap.

4.2. Problem statement


“A study on factors affecting consumer behaviour towards different
bathing soap brands”

4.3. Research objective


A) Primary objective
 To study factors affecting consumer buying behaviour towards to
different bathing soap brands.
B) Secondary objectives
 To study which kind of schemes and offers preferred by customer
related bathing soaps.

4.4. Research design


In this study researcher will used the descriptive research design as it
helps to describe the various factors and characteristics towards
consumer behaviour towards to different bathing soap brands.

4.5. Variables under study


The following factors will affect study:
 Price
 Quality
 Satisfaction
 Cleanliness

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 Shapes
 Colour
 Flavours

4.6. Tools and technique for data collection


The study covers both primary and secondary data.
A. Primary data
 The researcher have use questionnaire for collecting the data from
respondent.
B. secondary data
 The researcher collects the data on the internet, books.

4.7. Sampling design


Researchers has used non probability convinces sampling for selecting
the respondents.
A. Sampling unit
 The researcher hastake sample unit those who use the different
bathing soap.
B. Sample size
 The researcher has taken 300 respondents.
C. sampling technique
 The researcher has used non probability convenience sampling for
select the sample, because researcher chooses the sample
randomly as per their ability.

4.8. Tools for data analysis


The researcher used
-Tables
-Charts

4.9. Limitation of study


Following are the various limitation of the study.

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 Sample size was small so the findings cannot be generalized.
 Analysis of data obtained from the questionnaire was done on
assumption that the respondents gave correct information.
 Time-period for the conduct of survey was short.

20
CHAPTER:5
DATA ANALYSIS
Q.1 How often do you buy bath soaps?

Particular Frequency Percent


once in 15 days 26 8.7

once in month 55 18.3

once in 2 months 105 35.0


when my family member told me 7 2.3
when finished 93 31.0
when there is a scheme 11 3.7
when I see others to buy 3 1.0
Total 300 100.0

350

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250

200

150

100

50

0
Dove Patanjali Cinthol Santoor Fiama Pears Nima

Interpretation:
From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 35% respondent buy
soaps once in 2 months, 31% respondent buy soap when finished, 18.3%
respondents buy soap once in month, 8.7% respondents buy soaps in 15
days, 37% respondents buy when there is scheme, 2.3% respondents buy
soaps when their family members told them, 1% respondents buy soaps
when they others to buy.

21
Q.2 which of the following brands of soap you has purchased?

Particular Frequency Percent


Lux 279 10.4%
Dettol 271 10.1%
Lifeboy 219 8.1%
Dove 221 8.2%
Patanjali 285 10.6%
Cinthol 293 10.9%
Santoor 255 9.5%
Fiama 284 10.5%
Pears 291 10.8%
Nima 294 10.9%
Total 2692 100.0%

350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 10.9% respondents who
purchase the nima and cinthol soaps, 10.8% respondents who purchase
pears, 10.6% respondents who purchase dove, 10.5% respondents who
purchase fiama di wills, 10.4% respondent who purchase lux, 10.1%
respondents who purchase Dettol, 8.1% respondents who purchase
lifeboy, 8.2% respondent who purchase dove, 9.5% respondents who
purchase santoor soap.

22
Q-3 who influence you to purchase the particular soap brands?

Particular Frequency Percent


Family 86 28.7
Advertisement 162 54.0
Relatives 12 4.0
Doctors 31 10.3
Friends 9 3.0
Total 300 100.0

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 28.7% respondents are
influence by their family, 54% respondent are influence by
advertisements, 4.0% respondents are influence by their relatives, 10.3%
respondents are influence by doctors, 3% respondents are influence by
their friends.

23
Q-4 no. of time you soap your body in day?

Particular Frequency Percent


Once a day 110 36.7
Twice 177 59.0
Thrice 13 4.3
Total 300 100.0

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
once a day Twice Thrice

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 36.7% respondents are
use soap once in a day, 59.0% respondents are use soap twice in a day,
and 4.3% respondents are use soap thrice in day.

24
Q-5 What is preferred packet size you purchase?

Particular Frequency Percent

75 grams 188 62.7


125 grams 26 8.7
100 grams 53 17.7
others 33 11.0
Total 300 100.0

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
75 grams 125 grams 100 grams others

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 62.7% respondents are
use 75 grams soap,8.7% respondents are use 125 grams soap, 17.7%
respondents are use 00 grams soap, 11.0% respondents are use other
weight soap.

25
Q-6 from where you like to buy the soap?

Particular Frequency Percent

Supermarket 51 17.0

Retail Pharmacy 191 63.7

Premium Groceries 23 7.7


Fancy Shops 35 11.7
Total 300 100.0

250

200

150

100

50

0
supermarket retail pharmacy Premium fancy shops
Groceries

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 17.0% respondents are
purchase soaps in super markets, 63.7% respondents are purchase
soaps in retail pharmacy, 7.7% respondents are purchase soaps in
premium groceries, and 11.75 respondents are purchase sops in fancy
shops.

26
Q-7 what are the factors to be considered in soap for purchasing?

Attractive packaging

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 103 34.3
Agree 167 55.7
Neutral 27 9.0
Disagree 3 1.0
Total 300 100.0

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,34.3% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 55.7% respondents are agree, 9.0%
respondents are neutral, 1.0% respondents are disagree to consider this
factor.

27
Fragrance/smell

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 142 47.3
Agree 122 40.7
Neutral 34 11.3
Disagree 1 .3
Highly Disagree 1 .3
Total 300 100.0

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral disagree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,47.3% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 40.7% respondents are agree, 11.3%
respondents are neutral, 0.3% respondents are disagree, 0.3%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

28
Size/weight

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 65 21.7
Agree 187 62.3
Neutral 48 16.0
Total 300 100.0

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
highly agree Agree Neutral

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,21.7% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, % respondents are agree, 9.0%
respondents are neutral, 1.0% respondents are disagree to consider this
factor.

29
Ingredients

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly agree 96 32.0
Agree 137 45.7
Neutral 62 20.7
Disagree 3 1.0
Highly disagree 2 .7
Total 300 100.0

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral disagree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,32.0% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 45.7% respondents are agree, 20.7%
respondents are neutral, 1.0% respondents are disagree, 0.7%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

30
Moisturising effect

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 78 26.0
Agree 151 50.3
Neutral 59 19.7
Disagree 9 3.0
Highly Disagree 3 1.0
Total 300 100.0

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral dis agree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,26.0% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 50.3% respondents are agree, 19.7%
respondents are neutral, 3.0% respondents are disagree, 1.0%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

31
Softness

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 118 39.3
Agree 123 41.0
Neutral 49 16.3
Disagree 7 2.3
Highly Disagree 3 1.0
Total 300 100.0

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral disagree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,39.3 % respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 41.0 % respondents are agree, 16.3%
respondents are neutral, 2.3% respondents are disagree, 1.0%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

32
Availability

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 72 24.0
Agree 154 51.3
Neutral 63 21.0
Disagree 7 2.3
Highly Disagree 4 1.3
Total 300 100.0

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
highly agree agree neutral disagree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that ,24.0 % respondents are
highly agree to consider this factor, 51.3% respondents are agree, 21.0%
respondents are neutral, 2.3% respondents are disagree, 1.3%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

33
On discount schemes

Particular Frequency Percent


Highly Agree 48 16.0
Agree 109 36.4
Neutral 109 36.3
Disagree 24 8.0
Highly Disagree 10 3.3
Total 300 100.0

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
highly agree agree neutral disagree highly
disagree

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that,16% respondents are


highly agree to consider this factor, 36.4% respondents are agree, 36.3%
respondents are neutral, 8.0% respondents are disagree, 3.3%
respondents are highly disagree to consider this factor.

34
Q-8 if you do not get your choice of soap in a shop then wills you?

Particular Frequency Percent


go to another shop 241 80.3
go to another brand 59 19.7
Total 300 100.0

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
go to another shop go to another brand

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpreted that, 80.3% respodents are go
to another shop for their soap, 19.7% respondents are go to other brand
as they not get their favourite brand in shop.

35
If other soap then which soap would you buy?

Particular Frequency Percent


Lux 23 11.1%
Dettol 19 9.2%
Lifeboy 16 7.7%
Dove 26 12.6%
Patanjali 26 12.6%
Cinthol 20 9.7%
Santoor 17 8.2%
Fiama 18 8.7%
Pears 19 9.2%
Nima 23 11.1%
Total 207 100.0%

30

25

20

15

10

Interpretation:

From the above chart it can be interpretad that,11.1% respondents are


buy lux soap as other brand, 9.2% respondents are buy Dettol,7.7%
respondents are buy lifeboy, 12.6% respondents are buy dove and
patanjali soap, 9.2% respondents are buy pears soap, 9.7%
respondentsare buy cinthol soap, 8.7% respondents are buy fiama,11.1%
respondents are buy nima soap as other soap brand.

36
Age of respondents

Particular Frequency Percent


1-10 years 3 1.0
11-20 years 123 41.0
21-30 years 79 26.3
31-40 years 42 14.0
41-50 years 46 15.3
51-60 years 7 2.3
Total 300 100.0

Occupation of respondents

Particular Frequency Percent


Businessman 47 15.7
Employee 29 9.7
Housewife 67 22.3
Student 132 44.0
Others 25 8.3
Total 300 100.0

Gender of respondents

Particular Frequency Percent


Male 121 40.3
Female 179 59.7
Total 300 100.0

37
CHAPTER:6

FINDINGS
Majority cosumers are buy soap once in 2 months. And very few buyers
are buy soap when they see others to buy.

Majority users are usenima soap. and very low buuyers are purchase
lifeboy.

Mostly buyers are buy soap to see advertisement. N rare pople are buy
when their friends are suggest them.

Majority users are use soap twice in day. Very few are use soap thrice in
day.

Mostly people preferred 75 grams size of soap .few people are buy 125
grams size of soap.

Majority buyers are buy soap in to the retail pharmacy .

Majority users are agree with attractive packaging of soap. And majority
buyers are highly agree with smell of soap. Majority buyers are agree with
size of soap.

Very few buyers are highly disagree with ingredients of soap. Majority
people are agree with mosturising effect of soap. Very few pople are
disagree with softness of soap.

Majority buyers are agree with availability of soap. Mostly buyers are uy
soap when there is discount scheme in soap.

38
CHAPTER:7

CONCLUSION
The healthy soap industry of india consists of a few products in industry.
The demand for this products is very much valnuerable in terms of
pricing. Unilever india is providing soap at a price which is affordable to
most pf the people in country. Beauty soap is an uprising product. In
india as a greater portion of the population. Both male &female are now
getting more beauty conseious.as multinational activities has been able
to penetrate the market with six different fragrances, three diffrent size,
international standard and high quality design as product.

customers are satisfied with the bathing soaps and there are factors like
attractive packaging, smell of soaps, weight of soaps, moisturising effect,
ingredients, softness of the brands and availability of soaps in every time.
Customers are like to purchase the soaps because quality is there and
satisfaction of the customer towards the packaging of soaps also.

39
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites:

 www.google.com
 www.scribd.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 https://www.slideshare.net
 http://www.scribd.com/doc/259457544/bathing-soaps
 www.blogspot.com
 http://www.answer.com/topic/brand
 www.ijirset.com

search limit :peer-reviewed, systemetic reviewed, year,2006 to 2015


ANNEXURE
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3) Who influence you to purchase the particular soap brands?
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specify particular soap name……………………….


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Nima Patanjali
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Pears Dove
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Fiama Di Wills
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Life Boy
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Santoor Dettol
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Cinthol Lux
2) Which of the following brands of soap you have purchased?
When my family members told me
c
when I see others to buy Once in 2 months c
when there is a scheme Once in month
when finished Once in 15 days
1) How Often Do You Buy Bath Soaps?
Anywhere.
For Academic Purpose Only. No Information Shall Be Disclosed
Your Valuable Time To Answers The Following Questions. This Study Is
Regarding Your Satisfaction Level So Can You Spend Few Minutes From
Different Bathing Soap Brands” So I Want Your Valuable Feedback
Research On “Factors Affecting Consumer buying Behaviour for
Swami Atmanand SaraswatiCollege Of Management. As I Am Doing
I ThummarPayalV.Student of J.D.G. Commerce College And Shree
QUESTIONNAIRE
schemes
On discount
Availability
Softness
Moisturising effect
Ingredients
Size/Weight
Fragrance/smell
packaging
Attractive
Disagree Agree
c
c

Disagree Highly Neutral Agree Highly Factors


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7) What are the factors to be considered in soap for purchasing?


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6) From where you like to buy the soap?


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5) What is preferred packet size you purchase?


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If other soap then which soap would you buy?
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Try other brands Go to another shop
8) If you do not get your choice of soap in a shop then will you?

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