Mindanao State Universit

College of Law - General Santos City Extensio

Laurel Street, General Santos City

PROFESSOR LEONARD MANN

email add: leonard.mann@msumain.edu.ph
Facebook: Leonard B. Mann
YouTube Channel: Leonard Mann - Mann’s World
Cell: (0917) 536-6266

COURSE OUTLINE IN CIVIL LAW REVIEW I WITH CASES

Fifth Year (Section 5B), First Semester, Academic Year 2021-2022

Course Description:
This course is an integration of the principles in Civil Law covering the effects and application of laws, the general
concepts of Civil Law, Human Relations, Persons and Family Relations, Property, Ownership and its Modification, the
Different Modes of Acquiring Ownership, including Wills and Succession; recent and landmark cases, and pertinent
provisions of special laws are also reviewed.

References:
[1] Civil Law Reviewer (Volume I), Revised 2021 Edition by Elmer T. Rabuya, Rex Printing Company, Inc.
[2] Civil Law Reviewer, by Desiderio P. Jurado, 2019, Rex Printing Company, Inc.
[3] The Civil Code of the Philippines, and All Its Amendatory Laws (Codal), Rex Printing Company, Inc.

1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1.1. WHEN LAW TAKES EFFECT
1.1.1. “Immediately upon its publication…”
1. Fariñas vs. The Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 147387, 10 Dec. 2003, 417 SCRA 503.
2. La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Association, Inc. vs. Ramos, G.R. No. 127882, 27 Jan. 2004, 421
SCRA 148.

1.1.2. Presumption of Knowledge of Laws

1.1.3. Prospective Application of Laws

1.2. RETROACTIVITY OF LAWS

1.3. MANDATORY OR PROHIBITORY LAWS
1.3.1. Rule: Acts Void
1.3.2. Exceptions:
1.3.2.1. Law authorizes validity
1.3.2.2. Act valid, but punishes violator
1.3.2.3. Act voidable
1.3.2.4. Act void but recognizes legal effects

1.4. WAIVER OF RIGHTS

1.4.1. Definition
1.4.2. Requisites for a Valid Waiver
1.4.3. What Rights May be Waived

1.5. REPEAL OF LAWS

1.5.1. Manner of Repeal
1.5.2. Rule on Implied Repeal
1.5.3. Requisites of Implied Repeal
1.5.4. Effect of Repeal of Repealing Law

1.6. CONFLICT OF LAWS

1.6.1. Nationality Rule
1.6.2. Rule in Mixed Marriages (Divorce)
3. Republic vs. Manalo, G.R. No. 221029, 24 Apr. 2018, 862 SCRA 580.
4. Nullada vs. Civil Registrar of Manila, G.R. No. 224548, 23 Jan. 2019.

1.6.3. Principle of Lex Red Sitae

1.6.3.1. Rule: Where situated
y

1.6.3.2. Exceptions (National Law of Decedent): “OAIC” (“Over Acting, I See…”)

1.6.3.2.1. Order of Succession
1.6.3.2.2. Amount of Successional Rights
1.6.3.2.3. Intrinsic Validity of Testamentary Provisions
1.6.3.2.4. Capacity to Succeed

1.6.3. Principle of Lex Loci Celebrationis

1.7. EFFECT OF FOREIGN LAWS, JUDGMENTS OR CONVENTIONS UPON PROHIBITORY LAWS

1.7.1. Void Marriages
5. Del Socorro vs. Van Wilsem, G.R. No. 193707, 10 Dec. 2014, 744 SCRA 516.

1.8. HUMAN RELATIONS

1.8.1. Rule
1.8.2. Sanctions
1.8.3. Damnum Absque Injuria
1.8.4. Abuse of Rights; Definition, Elements
1.8.5. Breach of Promise to Marry
1.8.6. Action In Rem Verso; Definition, Requisites
1.8.6.1. Action In Rem Verso vs. Solutio Indebiti

1.9. APPLICABILITY OF PENAL LAWS

1.9.1. Rule: Generality
1.9.2. Exceptions:
1.9.2.1. Treaty
1.9.2.2. Principles of Public International Law
1.9.2.3. Laws of Preferential Application

2. PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS

2.1. PERSONS
2.1.1. Kinds of Persons
2.1.2. Capacity to Act vs. Juridical Capacity
2.1.3. Domicile and Residence of Persons

2.2. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF COUPLES IN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS (REP. ACT No. 9262)
2.3. MARRIAGE (E.O. 229, as amended: “The Family Code of the Philippines.” Effective 3 August 1988)
6. Anaban vs. Anaban-Alfiler, G.R. No. 249011, 15 Mar. 2021.

2.3.1. Requisites
2.3.1.1. Marriage Governed by Law

7. Tilar vs. Tilar, G.R. No. 214529, 12 July 2017, 831 SCRA 116.

2.3.1.1. Marriage Contract vs. Ordinary Contract

2.3.2. Legal Capacity to Contract Marriage

2.3.2.1. Sexes of the Parties
8. Falsis III vs. Civil Registrar General, G.R. No. 217910, 3 Sept. 2019.
9. Silverio vs. Republic, G.R. No. 174689, 22 Oct. 2007, 537 SCRA 373.
10. Republic vs. Cagandahan, G.R. No. 166676, 12 Sept. 2008, 586 Phil. 637.

2.3.2.2. Age of the Parties

2.3.2.3. Marriages Exempt From License Requirement
2.3.2.3.1. Marriages in articulo mortis
2.3.2.3.2. Marriages in remote places
2.3.2.3.3. Marriages among Muslims and ethnic cultural communities
2.3.2.3.4. Legal ratification of marital cohabitation
2.3.2.4. Persons Authorized to Solemnize Marriages
2.3.2.5. Marriage Ceremony
2.3.2.6. Marriage Contract
2.3.2.6.1. Importance
2.3.2.6.2. Effect of Absence of Marriage Contract
2.3.2.6.3. Other Proof of Marriage
 3

2.3.3. Marriages Celebrated Abroad

2.3.3.1. General Rule: Valid
2.3.3.2. Exemptions (Void):
2.3.2.6.1. If one is underage and Filipino
2.3.2.6.2. Bigamous or polygamous
2.3.2.6.3. Mistake in identity
2.3.2.6.4. Failure to comply with Art. 52 of the Family Code
2.3.2.6.5. Psychological incapacity
2.3.2.6.6. Incestuous
2.3.2.6.7. Void by reason of public policy (Art. 38, FC)
2.3.2.6.8. Same-sex marriage
2.3.4. Foreign Divorce
2.3.5. Void Marriages
2.3.5.1. A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC
2.3.5.2. Distinctions Between No Marriage and Void Marriage

11. Republic vs. Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, 10 Feb. 2014, 715 SCRA 605.
12. Morigo vs. People, G.R. No. 145226, 6 Feb. 2004, 476 SCRA 461.
13. Braza vs. City Civil Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, 4 Dec. 2009, 607 SCRA 638.

2.3.5.3. Void Marriages Under Article 35 of the Family Code

2.3.2.6.1. Below 18
2.3.2.6.2. Unauthorized Solemnizer
2.3.2.6.3. No Valid Marriage License
2.3.2.6.4. Bigamous or Polygamous Marriages
2.3.2.6.5. Mistake in Identity
2.3.2.6.6. Non-compliance with Art. 52 of the Family Code
2.3.5.4. Void Marriage Under Article 36 of the Family Code: Psychological Incapacity
14. Tan-Andal vs. Andal, G.R. No. 196359, 11 May 2021.
2.3.5.5. Void Marriages Under Article 37 of the Family Code: Incestuous Marriages
2.3.5.6. Void Marriages Under Article 38 of the Family Code: Public Policy
2.3.5.6.1. Between Collateral Blood Relatives
2.3.5.6.2. Between Step-Parents and Step-Children
2.3.5.6.3. Between Parents-in-Law and Children-in-Law
2.3.5.6.4. By reason of Adoptive Relationship
2.3.5.6.5. By reason of Intentional Killing of Another’s Spouse
2.3.5.7. Void Marriage Under Article 40 of the Family Code
2.3.5.8. Effects of Judicial Declaration of Nullity of Marriage
2.3.6. Voidable Marriages
2.3.6.1. Characteristics
2.3.6.2. Grounds for Annulment of Voidable Marriages
2.3.6.2.1. Lack of Parental Consent
2.3.6.2.2. Insanity
2.3.6.2.3. Consent Obtained Through Fraud
2.3.6.2.4. Consent Obtained Through Force, Intimidation, or Undue Influence
2.3.6.2.5. Either Party was Physically Incapable of Consummating the Marriage (Impotence)
2.3.6.2.6. Either Party was Afflicted with STD which is Serious and Incurable
2.3.6.3. Effects of Annulment Decree
2.3.7. Unmarried Cohabitation

2.4. LEGAL SEPARATION

2.4.1. Distinguished from Annulment and Divorce
2.4.2. Grounds
2.4.3. Defenses
2.4.3.1. Condonation vs. Consent
2.4.3.2. Connivance vs. Collusion
2.4.4. Procedure
2.4.5. Effects of Filing Petition
2.4.6. Cooling-off Period
2.4 7. Effects of Pendency
2.4.8. Effects of Decree of Legal Separation

15. Siochi vs. Gozon, G.R. No. 145226, 6 Feb. 2010, 616 SCRA 87.
 4

2.4.9. Effects of Reconciliation

2.4.10. Effect of Death of One of the Parties

2.5. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE

2.6. PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES
2.6.1. Marriage Settlements
2.6.2. Donations by Reason of Marriage
2.6.3. Void Donations by the Spouses

16. Perez, Jr. vs. Perez-Senerpida, G.R. No. 233365, 24 Mar. 2021.

2.6.4. Property Regimes in the Family Code:

2.6.4.1. Absolute Community of Property
2.6.4.1.1. Properties Included/Excluded
2.6.4.1.2. Obligations Chargeable to the Absolute Community
2.6.4.1.3. Obligations Chargeable to the Separate Property
2.6.4.1.4. Administration and Disposition
Consent Need Not Be Explicit:
17. Pelayo vs. Perez, G.R. No. 141323, 8 June 2005, 459 SCRA 475.

2.6.4.1.5. Dissolution or Termination

2.6.4.1.6. Procedure for Liquidation
2.6.4.2. Conjugal Partnership of Gains
2.6.4.2.1. Properties Included/Excluded
2.6.4.2.2. Obligations Chargeable to the Conjugal Partnership
2.6.4.2.3. Obligations Chargeable to the Separate Property
2.6.4.2.4. Administration and Disposition
2.6.4.2.5. Dissolution or Termination
2.6.4.2.6. Procedure for Liquidation
2.6.4.3. Complete Separation of Property
2.6.4.4. Property Regime Under Art. 147 of the Family Code

18. Perez, Jr. vs. Perez-Senerpida, G.R. No. 233365, 24 Mar. 2021.

2.6.4.5. Property Regime Under Art. 148 of the Family Code

2.7. THE FAMILY

2.7.1. Concept of Family/ Family Relations
2.7.2. Family Home
2.7.3. Effects on Legal Disputes
2.8. PATERNITY AND FILIATION
2.8.1. Legitimate Children
2.8.2. Action to Prove Filiation, Who Can File, Prescriptive Periods
2.8.2. Proof of Filiation
2.8.3. Illegitimate Children

19. Maningding. vs. Bersamina, G.R. No. 252476, 18 Mar. 2021.

2.8.4. Action to Impugn Legitimacy

2.8.5. Legitimated Children
2.9. ADOPTION
2.9.1. Domestic Adoption Act of 1995
2.9.2. Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1998
2.9.3. Domestic Adoption vs. Inter-Country Adoption
2.10. SUPPORT
2.10.1. What It Compromises
2.10.2. Who are Obliged to Give Support
2.10.3. Source of Support
2.10.4. Order of Support
2.10.5. Amount of Support
2.10.6. Manner and Time of Payment
2.10.7. Renunciation and Termination
2.10.8. Support Pendente Lite
2.10.9. Procedure in Applications for Support
 5

2.11. PARENTAL AUTHORITY

2.11.1. General Provisions
2.11.2. Substitute Parental Authority
2.11.3. Special Parental Authority
2.11.4. Effect of Parental Authority Over the Child's Person
2.11.5. Effects of Parental Authority Over the Child's Property
2.11.6. Suspension or Termination of Parental Authority
2.11.6.1. Grounds for Termination of Parental Authority
2.11.6.1.1. Parents’ Death
2.11.6.1.2. Child’s Death
2.11.6.1.3. Child’s Emancipation
2.11.6.1.4. Child’s Adoption
2.11.6.1.5. General Guardian’s Appointment
2.11.6.1.6. Judicial Declaration of Abandonment of the Child
2.11.6.1.7. Final Judgment Divesting the Party Concerned of Parental Authority
2.11.6.1.8. Judicial Declaration of Absence or Incapacity of Person Exercising Parental Authority
2.11.6.2. Grounds for Suspension of Parental Authority
2.11.6.2.1. Conviction of Crime with Civil Interdiction
2.11.6.2.2. Treating Child with Excessive Harshness or Cruelty
2.11.6.2.3. Giving Child Corrupting Orders, Counsel, or Example
2.11.6.2.4. Compelling the Child to Beg
2.11.6.2.5. Subjecting or Allowing Child to be Subjected to Acts of Lasciviousness
2.11.7. Solo Parents (Rep. Act No. 8972)

2.12. EMANCIPATION
2.12.1. Cause of Emancipation
2.12.2. Effect of Emancipation

2.13. SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE FAMILY CODE

2.13.1. Presumptive Death
2.13.2. Family Domicile
2.13.3. Exemption to Live with Spouse
2.13.4. Objection to Exercise of Any Legitimate Profession, Occupation, Business or Activity
2.13.5. Administration and Enjoyment of Property
2.13.6. One is Absent and Unable to Participate in the Administration of Properties
2.13.7. Separated in Fact or Abandonment
2.13.8. Parental Authority for Foundlings, Abandoned, Neglected or Abused Children
2.13.9. Disciplinary Measures Over a Child
2.13.10. Bond for Legal Guardianship When Child’s Property or Annual Income Exceeds P50,000

2.14. FUNERALS
2.15. USE OF SURNAMES
2.16. ABSENCE
2.16.1. Provisional Measures in Case of Absence
2.16.2. Declaration of Absence
2.16.3. Administration of the Property of the Absentee
2.16.4. Presumption of Death

2.17. CIVIL REGISTER

2.17.1.Change or Correction of Entry in Civil Register

20. Bartolome vs. Republic, G.R. No. 243288, 28 Aug. 2019.

3. PROPERTY
3.1. CLASSIFICATION OF PROPERTY
3.1.1. Immovables
3.1.2. Movables

3.2. OWNERSHIP
21. Rosario vs. GSIS, G.R. No. 200991, 18 Mar. 2021.
22. Jackson vs. Cabatingan, G.R. No. 231095, 14 May 2021.

3.2.1. Rights Included:

3.2.1.1. Right to Enjoy - Jus Fruendi, Jus Possidendi, Jus Utendi, Jus Abutendi
3.2.1.2. Right to Dispose
3.2.1.3. Right to Recover
 6

3.2.1.4. Right to Exclude Others from the Property

3.2.1.5. Right to Enclose or Fence Property
3.2.1.6. Right to Compensation in Eminent Domain
3.2.1.7. Right to the Surface, the Sub-surface, and the Space Above the Land
3.2.1.9. Right to Hidden Treasure
3.2.1.2. Right to Accession
3.2.2. Actions to recover ownership and possession of real property and its distinctions
3.2.2.1. Action Interdictal
3.2.2.2. Action Publiciana or Action Plenaria De Posesion
3.2.2.3. Action Reivindicatoria or Acción De Reivindicacion
3.2.3. Actions for recovery of possession of movable property
3.2.4. Distinction Between Real And Personal Rights
3.2.5. Modes of Acquiring Ownership
3.2.6. Limitations on Right of Ownership
3.2.6.1. General Limitations; Inherent Powers of the State
3.2.6.1.1. Police Power
3.2.6.1.2. Power of Eminent Domain
3.2.6.1.3. Power of Taxation
3.2.6.2. Specific Limitations Imposed by Law
3.2.6.2.1. Legal Easements
3.2.6.2.2. Stoppage of Thoughtless Extravagance
3.2.6.2.3. Lands Acquired Under Free Patent or Homestead
3.2.6.3. Inherent Limitations Arising From Conflicts with Other Rights
3.2.6.3.1. Art. 431, NCC
3.2.6.3.2. Art. 432, NCC
3.2.6.4. Limitations Imposed by the Owner Himself
3.2.6.4.1. Art. 870, NCC (Testator’s Will)
3.2.6.4.2. Deed of Restrictions

3.3. ACCESSION
23. Dela Cruz vs. Frondarina, G.R. No. 213042, 24 Mar. 2021.

3.3.1. Kinds:
3.3.1.1. Accession Discreta
3.3.1.2. Accession Continua
3.3.2. Forms of Natural Accession:
3.3.2.1. Alluvion (Art. 457, NCC)
3.3.2.2. Avulsion (Art. 459, NCC)
3.3.2.3. Change of Course of Rivers (Art. 502, NCC)
3.3.2.4. Formation of Islands (Arts. 463, 464, 465, NCC)
3.3.3. Right to Hidden Treasure
3.3.4. Rules of Accession
3.3.4.1. For Immovables
3.3.4.2. For Movables
3.4. QUIETING OF TITLE
3.4.1. Requisites
3.4.2. Distinctions Between Quieting Title And Removing/Preventing a Cloud
3.4.3. Prescription/Non-prescription of Action
3.5. CO-OWNERSHIP
3.5.1. Characteristics of Co-ownership; Requisites
3.5.2. Sources of Co-ownership
3.5.2.1. Law
3.5.2.2. Contract
3.5.2.3. Succession
3.5.2.4. Fortuitous Event or Chance
3.5.2.5. Occupancy
3.5.3. Co-ownership vs. Partnership
3.5.4. Rights of Co-owners
3.5.5. Termination of Co-ownership
 7

3.6. POSSESSION
3.6.1. Characteristics; Requisites
3.6.2. Acquisition of Possession
3.6.3. Effects of Possession (in Good Faith/ Bad Faith)
3.6.4. Loss or Unlawful Deprivation of a Movable
3.6.5. Possession in Concept of Owner, Holder, in One's Own Name, and in Name of Another
3.6.6. Rights of the Possessor
3.6.7. Loss or Termination of Possession

3.7. USUFRUCT
3.7.1. Characteristics
3.7.2. Classification
3.7.2.1. As to Manner of Creation
3.7.2.1.1. Legal Usufruct
3.7.2.1.2. Voluntary Usufruct
3.7.2.1.3. Mixed Usufruct
3.7.2.2. As to Subject Matter
3.7.2.2.1. Proper (Normal) Usufruct
3.7.2.2.2. Improper (Abnormal) Usufruct
3.7.2.3. Others
3.7.2.3.1. Total or Partial Usufruct
3.7.2.3.2. Simple and Multiple Usufruct
3.7.2.3.3. Pure, with a Condition or with a Period Usufruct
3.7.3. Rights and Obligations of Usufructuary
3.7.4. Rights of the Owner
3.7.5. Extinction, Termination, and Extinguishment

3.8. EASEMENTS
3.8.1. Characteristics
3.8.1.1. Inherence or Intransmissibility
3.8.1.1. Indivisibility
3.8.2. Classification/Kinds:
3.8.2.1. As to Recipient of Benefit - Real (praedial) or Personal Easement or Servitude
3.8.2.2. As to Its Source - by Law (Legal Easement) or Owners’ Will (Voluntary Easement)
3.8.2.3. As to Its Exercise - Continuous or Discontinuous, Apparent or Non-apparent, Positive or Negative
3.8.3. Modes of Acquiring Easements - by Title, by Prescription
3.8.4. Rights and Obligations of the Owners of the Dominant And Servient Estates
3.8.5. Modes of Extinguishment
3.8.5.1. Merger
3.8.5.2. Non-use
3.8.5.3. Impossibility of Use
3.8.5.4. Expiration of Term
3.8.5.5. Fulfillment of Condition
3.8.5.6. Renunciation
3.8.5.7. Redemption
3.8.5.8. Annulment or Rescission of Title
3.8.5.9. Termination of Grantor;s Right
3.8.5.10. Abandonment of the Servant Estate
3.8.5.11. Eminent Domain
3.9. NUISANCE
3.9.1. Nuisance per se
3.9.2. Nuisance per accidens
3.9.3. Liabilities
3.9.4. No Prescription
3.9.5. Criminal Prosecution
3.9.6. Judgment with Abatement
3.9.7. Extrajudicial Abatement
3.9.8. Special Injury to Individual
3.9.9. Right of Individual to Abate a Public Nuisance
3.9.10. Right to Damages
3.9.11. Defenses to Action
3.9.12. Who May Sue on Private Nuisance
3.9.13. Doctrine of Attractive Nuisance
 8

3.10. MODES OF ACQUIRING OWNERSHIP

3.10.1. Occupation
3.10.2. Intellectual Creat
3.10.3. Law
3.10.4. Donation
3.10.5. Succession
3.10.6. Tradition
3.10.7. Prescription

4. PRESCRIPTION
24. Dela Cruz vs. Frondarina, G.R. No. 213042, 24 Mar. 2021.

4.1. TYPES OF PRESCRIPTION

4.4.1. Acquisitive
4.4.1.1. Ordinary
4.4.1.2. Extraordinary
4.4.2. Extinctive
4.4.2.1. Characteristics
4.4.2.2. Requisites
4.4.2.3. Periods
4.2. WHEN PRESCRIPTION IS INAPPLICABLE
4.2.1. By Offender
4.2.2. Registered Lands
4.2.3. Actions to Demand Right of Way; to Abate a Nuisance
4.2.4. Action to Quiet Title If Plaintiff is in Possession
4.2.6. Void Contracts
4.2.7. Action to Demand Partition; Distinguished From Laches
4.2.1. Property of Public Dominion
4.3. PRESCRIPTION OR LIMITATION OF ACTIONS
4.3.1. To Recover Movables
4.3.2. To Recover Immovables
4.3.3. Other Actions
4.4. INTERRUPTION

5. SUCCESSION
5.1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
5.1.1. Definition/What is Transmitted – Arts. 774, 776, 781
5.1.2. Succession Occurs at the Moment of Death – Art. 777
5.1.3. Kinds of Successors (Heirs, Devisees, Legatees) – Art. 782

5.2. TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION

5.2.1. Wills
5.2.1.1. Personal Act; Non-delegability of Will-making – Arts. 784-785, 787; exception, 786
5.2.1.2. Rules of Construction and Interpretation/Law Governing Formal Validity – Arts. 788-795
5.2.2. Testamentary Capacity and Intent – Arts. 796-803
5.2.2.1. Age Requirement – Art. 797
5.2.2.2. Soundness of Mind; Presumptions – Arts. 798-801
5.2.3. Forms of Wills
5.2.3.1. Formal Validity Rules – Arts. 17, 815-817, 819
(1) See Law Governing Substantive Validity – Arts. 15, 16, 1039
5.2.3.2. Common requirements – Art. 804
(1) In Writing
(2) Language/Dialect Requirement
5.2.3.3. Notarial Wills
(1) Arts. 805-806
(2) Special rules for handicapped testators – Arts. 807-808
 9

25. Guia vs. Cosico, Jr., G.R. No. 246997, 5 May 2021.

(3) Substantial Compliance – Art. 809

5.2.3.4. Holographic Wills
(1) Requirements – Arts. 810-814
(2) Witnesses Required for Probate – Art. 811
(3) Alterations, Requirements – Art. 814
5.2.3.5. Joint Wills – Arts. 818-819
5.2.4. Witnesses to Wills – Arts. 820-824
5.2.5. Codicils, Definition and Formal Requirements – Arts. 825-826
5.2.6. Incorporation by Reference – Art. 827
5.2.7. Revocation of Wills – Arts. 828-834; Kinds – Art. 830
5.2.8. Republication & Revival of Wills – Arts. 835-837
5.2.9. Allowance & Disallowance of Wills – Arts. 838-839
5.2.9.1. Probate Requirement – Art. 838
5.2.9.1.1. Issues to be Resolved in Probate Proceedings – Art. 839
5.2.9.1.1.1. Exceptions – When practical considerations demand
the intrinsic validity of the will be resolved
5.2.9.1.2. Effect of Final Decree of Probate, Res Judicata on Formal Validity

5.2.9.2. Grounds for Denying Probate – Art. 839

5.2.10. Institution of Heirs
5.2.10.1. Preterition – Definition, Requisites and Effects – Art. 854
5.2.10.2. Concept – Art. 854
5.2.10.3. Compulsory Heirs in the Direct Line
5.2.10.4. Preterition vs. Disposition less than Legitime/Donation Inter Vivos – Arts. 855, 906-918
5.2.10.5. Effects of Preterition, devisees only entitled to completion of legitime
5.2.11. Substitution of Heirs – Arts. 857-870
5.2.11.1. Definition – Art. 857
5.2.11.2. Kinds – Arts. 858-860
5.2.11.3. Simple Substitution – Art. 859
5.2.11.4. Fideicommissary Substitution – Arts. 863-866, 869
5.2.12. Conditional Testamentary Dispositions And Testamentary Dispositions with a Term – Arts. 871-885
5.2.13. Legitime – Arts. 886-914
5.2.13.1. Definition – Art. 886
5.2.13.2. Compulsory Heirs and Various Combinations – Arts. 887-903
26. Villanueva-Mijares vs. CA, G.R. 108921, 12 April 2000, 330 SCRA 349.

5.2.13.3. Completion of Legitime – Art. 906

5.2.13.4. Steps in Determining Legitime – Art. 908
5.2.13.5. Reserva Troncal – Art. 891

5.2.14. Disinheritance
27. Seangio vs. Reyes, G.R. 140371-72, 27 Nov. 2006, 508 SCRA 177

5.2.14.1. Disinheritance for cause – Art. 919

5.2.14.1.1. Reconciliation – Art. 922
5.2.14.1.2. Rights of descendants of person disinherited – Art. 923

5.2.14.2. Disinheritance without cause – Art. 918

5.2.15. Legacies and Devisees – Arts. 924-959

5.3. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION – 960-1014

5.3.1. General Provisions – Arts. 960-962
5.3.1.1. Relationship – Arts. 963-969
5.3.1.2. Right of Representation – Arts. 970-977
5.3.2. Order of Intestate Succession – Arts. 978-1014, 992
5.3.2.1. Descending Direct Line – Arts. 978-984
5.3.2.2. Ascending Direct Line – Arts. 985-987
5.3.2.3. Illegitimate Children – Arts. 988-994
5.3.2.4. Surviving Spouse – Arts. 995-1002
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28. Capitle vs. Elbambuena, G.R. 169193, 30 Nov. 2006, 509 SCRA 444.

5.3.2.5. Collateral Relatives – Arts. 1003-1010

29. Vda. de De la Rosa vs. Heirs of Vda. de Damian, G.R. 155733, 27 Jan. 2006, 480 SCRA
334.

5.3.2.6. The State – Arts. 1011-1014, Rule 91 of the Rules of Court (Escheat).
30. Adlawan vs. Adlawan, G.R. 161916, 20 Jan. 2006, 479 SCRA 275.

5.4. PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE AND INTESTATE SUCCESSION (Arts. 1015-1105)

5.4.1. Right of Accretion – Arts. 1015-1023

5.4.1.1. Definition and Requisites – Arts. 1015-1016

5.4.2. Capacity to Succeed by Will or Intestacy – Arts. 1024-1040

5.4.2.1. Persons Incapable of Succeeding – Arts. 1027, 739, 1032
5.4.2.2. Unworthiness vs. Disinheritance
5.4.3. Acceptance and Repudiation of the Inheritance – Arts. 1041-1057
5.4.4. Executors and Administrators – Arts. 1058-1060
5.4.5. Collation – Arts. 908-910, 1061-1077
5.4.6. Partition and Distribution of Estate – Arts. 1078-1105
5.4.6.1. Partition – Arts. 1079, 1080
31. Figuracion-Gerilla vs. Vda. de Figuracion, G.R. No. 154322, 22 Aug. 2006, 499 SCRA
484.

5.4.6.2. Partition inter vivos

32. Zaragoza vs. CA, G.R. No. 106401, 29 Sept. 2000, 341 SCRA 309.

5.4.6.3. Effects of Partition – Arts. 1091, 1097, 1100, 1104-1105

33. Viado vs. CA, G.R. No. 137287, 15 Feb. 2000.