IOT BOARDS AND

APPLICATIONS
Lets Begin ~
Group Members (A1 Batch)

Name Roll Number

Anish Takwale 110105

Parnika Maskar 110107

Sujal Manwar 110104

Gaurav Jadhav 110102

Prasanna Tayade 110113

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

History Of IOT Boards 01 04 Top 3 Boards Architecture

Evolution Of IOT Boards 02 05 Features Of IOT Boards

First 15 IOT Boards 03 06 Applications Of IOT Boards

History Of IOT
Boards
The term ‘Internet of Things’ was coined in 1999 by the computer scientist Kevin Ashton.
While working at Procter & Gamble, Ashton proposed putting radio-frequency
identification (RFID) chips on products to track them through a supply chain..Since the
concept of a smart city was introduced, IoT has been considered the key
infrastructure. Internet of Things (IoT), a new era of computing whereby every imaginable
object is equipped with or connected to a smart device allowing data collection and
communication through the Internet. “The Internet of Things has taken the world by
storm.” The current revolution of IoT is fuelled by the advent of SBC. A single-board
computer (SBC) is a fully functional computer on a single circuit board.

A single-board computer is any complete computer that is built on a single circuit board
and contains functional computer components including the microprocessor, input/output
(I/O), memory. and in some cases ROM (EEPROM to be specific) for OS storage. Unlike
personal computers, we cannot upgrade or change components of single-board computers.
SBC computers typically provide a fanless, low-power computing solution and a low
profile architecture. The main selling point of SBCs is their small size which enables them
to be used in mobile and ubiquitous applications.

Also, along with single board computers, microcontroller boards such as Arduino play a
significant role in the IoT landscape. Let’s have a brief look at the list of SBC and the
microcontroller board market.
IoT Getting Smarter

“Smart cities” can use the IoT to reduce waste and maximize the efficient use of energy. The IoT
can also be used to streamline traffic flows and locate available parking.
In 2012, The Swiss Federal Office of Energy started a pilot program called “Smart City
Switzerland.” They brought representatives from universities, business, and public
administration together to discuss new ideas for the urban environment. Smart City
Switzerland has over sixty projects underway and supports new scientific partnerships and
innovation. (Smart City Switzerland has evolved into something quite impressive.)
A well-designed smart city supports all kind of sensors that are connected to the internet and
provides:

• Traffic monitoring- Real-time tracking and reporting of traffic.

• Air quality monitoring- Integrated IoT sensors can identify polluters.
• Smart transportation- Smart traffic lights streamline traffic efficiency and public transport.
• Smart parking- Sensors installed in pavement, etc. to determine occupancy of the parking
lot, which is communicated to drivers.
• Smart public lighting- Low energy lighting combined with timing and sensors.
• Smart buildings- When connected to the smart city by way of the internet, it becomes a part
of the city infrastructure.
Evolution Of
IOT Boards
Top IOT
Boards
 Top IOT Boards
•Arduino Mega 2560
•Arduino Nano Microcontroller Boards
•Asus Tinker Board S
•Atomic Pi
•Banana Pi M64
•BBC micro:bit
•BeagleBoard-X15
•Edge-V
•HiKey 960
•Huawei HiKey 960
•Khadas VIM3
•LattePanda
•LattePanda Alpha
•LattePanda Delta
•Le Potato
•LeMaker Guitar
•Minnowboard Turbot Dual Ethernet
•NanoPC-T3 Plus
•NanoPi NEO4
Top 3 Boards and
Architecture
 TOP 3 BOARDS

Arduino Mega 2560 Raspberry Pi 4B Banana Pi M64

Arduino Mega 2560
The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54
digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4
UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
RASPBERRY PI 4B
The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B was released in June 2019 with a 1.5 GHz 64-bit quad core
ARM Cortex-A72 processor, on-board 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5, full gigabit Ethernet
(throughput not limited), two USB 2.0 ports, two USB 3.0 ports, 1, 2, 4, or 8 GB of RAM, and
dual-monitor support via a pair of micro HDMI .
Banana Pi M64
Banana Pi BPI-M64 is a 64-bit quad-core mini single board computer. It features 2GB of RAM and
8GB eMMC. It also has onboard WiFi and BT. On the ports side, the BPI-M64 has 2 USB A 2.0 ports,
1 USB OTG port, 1 HDMI port, 1 audio jack, and lastly a DC power port. The processor is pin-to-pin
comptialbe with R18, so it comes with two versions:M64 and M64-R18.
Features Of IOT
Boards
Development boards serve as the key building blocks prototyping, experimenting, and creating
innovative solutions that transcend the traditional boundaries of technology. An IoT development
board must have prototyping capabilities for different features or products. They also must support
various types of connectivity, supporting a variety of communication protocols. These protocols are like
different languages that allow IoT devices to communicate with each other within an IoT system.
Popular microcontroller and microprocessor boards for IoT projects include Arduino,
Raspberry Pi, ESP32, STM32, and BeagleBone. The best choice depends on your specific
project requirements, so it's essential to thoroughly research and compare different
options before a decision is made.

• The processor determines the computing power and capabilities of the board.
• The flash memory stores code and program data.
• The board's multimedia capabilities, such as audio, video, or graphics processing, must
be considered. Available communication interfaces like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet, or
cellular connectivity must also be verified to ensure compatibility with your IoT network.
• Power efficiency is important for IoT devices that run on batteries or have limited power
sources.
• The board must support available input options, such as analog inputs, digital I/O pins,
and communication protocols (UART, I2C, SPI, etc.).
• The availability of software development tools, community support, and documentation
for the board can significantly impact the ease of development and troubleshooting.
Features of Arduino UNO PCB

Arduino UNO PCB is equipped with a wide range of features needed to run the controller.

Quick start
The board has a reset pin that helps you reset the whole circuit board. Also, the reset pin
comes in handy when the board stops working when running the program. All you need
to do is push this pin and everything in the program will be cleared. After this, it will help
you start the program from scratch.

Low voltage requirement

This board needs 5V to get turned on. Users can achieve this by integrating the USB port
directly. However, the Arduino UNO board can offer support to external power source of
about 12V. This volt can be limited to 3.3V or 5V according to the project’s requirement.

USB interface
This board features a USB interface. With this feature, you can develop a serial
communication with other devices.
More number of instructions per cycle
The UNO board integrates the Atmega328 microcontroller. This microcontroller is
equipped with features such as PWM, I/O pins, timers, and interrupts.

Greater flash memory

This board features a flash memory of 13KB which helps in storing instructions in form
of code.
More storage

Arduino UNO PCB offers support for Micro SD card to help store more data.

Power alternatives
There are other power alternatives aside from the USB. Arduino allows users to use
AC adapter or battery to power the board.

Plug and Play

This board requires no fast interface to link devices. Users need to plug the external
device to the board’s pins.
 Applications
Of IOT Boards
Arduino Uno PCB is suitable for use in several applications. Engineers and
developers are integrating the Arduino UNO PCB for developing instruments and
sensors used in scientific research.
The integration of Arduino UNO in developing some projects applications enhanced its
use in several IoT projects.
Below are some real-time applications of Arduino UNO:
Home Automation System
The home automation system is an IoT project that can be developed with the Arduino
uno board. This board develops the system with Bluetooth. With Houses
becoming smarter, more people are integrating the Arduino board to achieve home
automation. Also, modern houses are now using remote controlled switches,
hence, there is a gradual shift in the way of design.
Auto Intensity Control of Street Lights
It isn’t possible to install High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps on street lights since
you can’t control the intensity of this light. The Arduino UNO PCB helps in
developing auto intensity street lights.
Plant Watering System
The Arduino UNO PCB is a great option for developing the plant watering system
project. This system integrates a soil moisture sensor and waters plants based on
the soil moisture level.
Other Applications of the Arduino
UNO includes:
• Security and defense
• Embedded System
• Digital Electronics and Robotics
• Weighing machines
• Parking Lot Counter
• Medical instrument
• Traffic Light Count Down Timer
• Home Automation
• Industrial Automation
• Emergency Light for Railways
Thank youu !