1. How can a person's status differ from his or her role?

A rank is a socially determined position, whereas a role is the accompanying conduct. A person's
ascribed position is determined by factors outside of his or her control, such as age. Achieved status
is obtained via a person's own efforts, such as schooling.

2. How does role conflict affect groups and individuals? How can it be resolved?

When meeting the role expectations of one status makes fulfilling the role expectations of another
status problematic, this is referred to as role conflict. It is possible to settle it by determining which
duty is more necessary to perform at the moment and making sacrifices.

3. What are the five most common forms of interaction recognized by sociologists?

Exchange, competition, conflict, collaboration, and accommodation are the five most typical types of
social interaction. accommodation. Competition and conflict tend to drive social change, whereas
exchange, collaboration, and accommodation seek to sustain the social structure.

4. Identify and describe the three broad categories of societies used by sociologists.

Sociologists classify civilization into three major categories: preindustrial, industrial, and
postindustrial. What is living like in a preindustrial civilization today? Sociologists study whole
societies as their largest group. Sociologists classify cultures based on subsistence practices.

5. How do the roles of group members differ between primary and secondary groups?

Members of the Primary Group communicate in a direct and personal manner over a lengthy period
of time. Their partnerships are often personal and face-to-face. Secondary group members'
relationships with one another are impersonal and fleeting.

6. What, according to Max Weber's model, are the major characteristics of a bureaucracy?

Six Principles of Bureaucracy by Max Weber. Six elements of bureaucracy were defined by Max
Weber: rationality, hierarchy, expertise, rules-based decision making, formalization, and
specialization.

7. What weaknesses influence the effectiveness of bureaucracies?

Bureaucracies lose sight of their initial mission, and at times appear to forsake it in favor of self-
preservation. Some officials focus too carefully on regulations and overlook the purposes of the
bureaucracy, resulting in the formation of "red tape" or bureaucratic slowness.