José Rizal was a Filipino nationalist, writer, and revolutionary who is widely considered a hero and a

martyr in the Philippines. Born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, Rizal was a polymath, excelling in
various fields such as literature, medicine, and the arts. He studied in Europe and became involved in the
reform movement, advocating for political and social changes in the Philippines, which was under
Spanish colonial rule at the time.

Rizal's most famous works include his novels *Noli Me Tangere* and *El Filibusterismo*, which exposed
the social injustices and corruption prevalent in the Philippines under Spanish rule. His writings inspired
the Philippine Revolution against Spain and played a crucial role in awakening Filipino nationalism.

Rizal was arrested and executed by firing squad on December 30, 1896, which solidified his status as a
national hero and symbol of Philippine independence. His legacy continues to be celebrated in the
Philippines today, with his life and works studied in schools and commemorated through various
monuments and events.