1

1 The diagram shows two bar magnets.

N S

On the diagram, sketch the pattern and the direction of the magnetic field lines between the bar
magnets.
[2]

[Total: 2]

2 The diagram shows the magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet.

(a) Describe an experiment to identify the pattern and direction of magnetic field lines around a
bar magnet as shown in the diagram.

You may add to the diagram as part of your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) State a material that can be used to make a permanent bar magnet.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

3 The diagram shows the magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet.
 2

(a) Describe an experiment to identify the pattern and direction of magnetic field lines around a
bar magnet as shown in the diagram.

You may add to the diagram as part of your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) State a material that can be used to make a permanent bar magnet.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]
 3

4 A student has a permanent bar magnet and two metal bars, as shown in the diagram.

The student tests bar PQ and bar RS separately. He holds the N pole of the permanent bar magnet
close to each end of each metal bar. The table shows the results of the tests.

result of test with

end of metal bar
N pole

P attracted

Q repelled

R attracted

S attracted

Deduce whether each metal bar is a magnet, an unmagnetised magnetic material or a non-magnetic
material.

Give a reason for each of your answers.

1. metal bar PQ.........................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

2. metal bar RS.........................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]
 4

5 A student tests whether a bar magnet affects three different materials.

The diagram shows the bar magnet and a sample of each material A, B and C.

The student tests each sample by holding each pole of the magnet close to one end of the sample.
The table shows his observations.

sample effect of N pole effect of S pole

A attraction attraction

B no effect no effect

C attraction repulsion

Using the information in the table, draw a straight line from each sample to its correct property.
Draw three lines.

sample property

A magnetic and magnetised

B magnetic but not magnetised

C non-magnetic

[2]

[Total: 2]
 5

6 Describe one method of producing a magnet from a bar of unmagnetised steel.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

7 The figure shows an iron bar placed close to the N pole of a bar magnet.

magnet iron
bar

(a) On the figure above, write N and S, to indicate the induced poles in the iron bar. [1]

(b) Use a word from the list below to describe the force between the magnet and the iron bar.

attractive force

repulsive force

no force

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The iron bar is reversed end-to-end.

Describe the force that now exists between the magnet and the iron bar.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

8 Describe how the N pole of a bar magnet can be identified.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

[Total: 2]
 6

9 A magnet near a coil of wire is attracted to the coil only when there is a current in the coil.

Which statement explains this force of attraction?

A The coil of wire has its own gravitational field.

B The coil of wire is made from soft iron.
C The current in the coil of wire creates a magnetic field.
D The current in the coil of wire induces a charge on the magnet.
[1]

[Total: 1]

10 A student demagnetises a magnetised steel bar.

He places the bar in a solenoid connected to a power supply. He then removes the bar from the
solenoid.

Which row indicates the most effective way of demagnetising the bar?

type of speed to
power supply remove bar

A a.c. fast
B a.c. slow
C d.c. fast
D d.c. slow

[1]

[Total: 1]

11 A steel magnet is placed in a coil and demagnetised.

Which type of current is established in the coil, and how is the current changed?

A a direct current in the coil, then reduce the current quickly to zero
B a direct current in the coil, then reduce the current slowly to zero
C an alternating current in the coil, then reduce the current quickly to zero
D an alternating current in the coil, then reduce the current slowly to zero
[1]

[Total: 1]
 7

12 A student is experimenting with electric charges.

The student investigates the forces between two pairs of objects.

The diagrams show the pairs of objects.

State whether there is a force of attraction, a force of repulsion, or no force between the pairs of
objects. Draw a ring around one phrase for each pair of objects.

[2]

[Total: 2]
 8

13 Describe how to make an electromagnet. You may draw a labelled diagram to help your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

14 State one use for an electromagnet.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

15 Two bar magnets are placed next to each other as shown in the diagram.

magnet A magnet B

Magnet A is slowly moved towards magnet B. This causes magnet B to move away from
magnet A.

(a) On the diagram, suggest the poles of each bar magnet.

Label N and S on each of the magnets. [1]

(b) State the term used to describe the direction of the forces acting between magnet A and
magnet B.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
 9

(c) Magnet B is removed and replaced with a steel bar of the same size.

Describe what happens when magnet A is slowly moved towards the steel bar.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

16 The diagram shows an electrical circuit in which all the lamps are lit.

lamp lamp lamp

1 2 3

lamp 4
closed
switch

If the switch is opened, which lamps will stay lit?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

[1]

[Total: 1]

17 The diagram shows a circuit including a 12 V battery and two identical lamps.

A
Q

When the switch is closed, the ammeter reading is 2.4 A.

Each lamp has a resistance of 3.0 Ω.

Calculate the power supplied to one lamp.

power = ..................................................... [3]

 10

[Total: 3]

18 The diagram shows a circuit containing a filament lamp of resistance 0.30 Ω and two resistors, each
of resistance 0.20 Ω.

Calculate the combined resistance of the lamp and the two resistors.

resistance = .............................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

19 The diagram is a circuit diagram that includes component X.

The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery is E. The switch is closed.

The potential difference (p.d.) across the 30 Ω resistor is V30.

 11

The p.d. across the 20 Ω resistor is V20.

The p.d. across component X is VX.

(a) State an equation that relates VX to V30.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State an equation that relates VX to E and V20.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

20 The diagram shows current-potential difference graphs for a resistor and for a lamp.

(a) The p.d. across the lamp is 6.0 V. Calculate the resistance of the lamp.

resistance = .............................................. [2]

 12

(b) The lamp and the resistor are connected in parallel to a 6.0 V supply.

Calculate the current from the supply.

current = .............................................. [2]

(c) The lamp and the resistor are connected in series to another power supply. The current in the
circuit is 4.0 A.

Calculate the total p.d. across the lamp and the resistor.

p.d. = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 6]

21 The diagram shows a transformer.

(a) The primary coil P has 8000 turns and an input of 240 V. The secondary coil S has an output
of 12 V.

Calculate the number of turns in the secondary coil.

number = .............................................. [2]

 13

(b) A circuit containing a resistor is connected to the terminals A and B.

A direct current (d.c.) is required in this resistor.

On the diagram, draw this circuit.

[1]

[Total: 3]

22 Which statement is not correct for two identical lamps connected in parallel?

A The potential difference across each lamp is half the supply voltage.
B The remaining lamp still operates when one lamp is removed.
C They can be switched on and off separately.
D They remain bright if another lamp is connected in parallel.
[1]

[Total: 1]
 14

23 Some cars have electrically heated front seats. Each seat has a warm and a hot setting, controlled
by a switch.

The circuit for one seat is shown in the figure.

12.0 V

fuse

X
switch
A C
B

heater

The circuit contains a switch that can connect to any of the contacts A, B or C.

In the table below, put one tick for each switch setting to indicate the condition of the seat.

condition of seat

switch setting off warm hot

[3]

[Total: 3]

24 A student sets up the circuit shown in the figure.

 15

(a) On the figure, label the thermistor with a T. [1]

(b) The student wants to determine the resistance of the thermistor at different temperatures.

Complete the sentences for the meters he should use in the circuit.

(i) The meter to be connected in series with the thermistor is ................................. .

[1]

(ii) The meter to be connected in parallel with the thermistor is ............................... .

[1]

[Total: 3]
 16

25 In cold weather, houses are often heated with an electrical heater.

The figure shows a simplified electrical circuit for a household heater.

The heater has two switches, B and C, to give high, medium and low heat settings.

Identify how each heat setting is obtained. Complete the table by adding ticks to represent a closed
switch.

heater settings switch B switch C

high

medium

low

[3]

[Total: 3]

26 A 12V battery is connected in series to a 24 W lamp and to a parallel pair of identical resistors X
and Y. The diagram shows the circuit.

The 24 W lamp lights at normal brightness when the potential difference (p.d.) across it is 6.0 V.
 17

The lamp is at normal brightness.

(a) Calculate the resistance of the lamp.

resistance = ................................................ [3]

(b) Determine

(i) the p.d. between A and B,

p.d. = ..................................................... [1]

(ii) the combined resistance of the parallel pair of identical resistors X and Y,

resistance = .......................................... [1]

(iii) the resistance of X.

resistance = .......................................... [2]

(c) Resistor X is removed from the circuit in the diagram.

Explain why the lamp becomes dimmer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 9]

27 The diagram shows three identical lamps and an ammeter connected to a power supply.
 18

The switches are closed. Each lamp is rated at 60 W and operates at its normal working voltage of
110 V.

(a) Calculate:

(i) the current in each lamp

current = .............................................. [2]

(ii) the current in the ammeter

current = .............................................. [1]

(iii) the voltage of the power supply.

voltage = .............................................. [1]

(b) (i) Calculate the resistance of the filament of one of the lamps when working normally.

resistance = .............................................. [2]

 19

(ii) Another lamp X has a filament with twice the resistance of each lamp in the circuit in
the diagram. The material and the temperature of the filament in lamp X is the same
as the filaments in the lamps in the diagram.

In the table, tick any box in the right-hand column that shows a possible difference
between the filament of lamp X and a filament of one of the lamps in the circuit.

X has half the length

X has twice the length

X has one quarter the area of cross-section

X has half the area of cross-section

X has two times the area of cross-section

X has four times the area of cross-section

[2]

[Total: 8]

28 The diagram shows a power supply of e.m.f. 10.5 V connected in series with a lamp and a heater.
The p.d. across the lamp is 2.1 V and the current in the lamp is 1.5 A.

Calculate:

(a) the resistance of the heater

resistance = .............................................. [2]

(b) the power of the heater.

power = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 4]

29 A student investigates the electrical resistance of some components.

 20

The diagram shows the circuit used by the student. It is an incomplete diagram.

(a) State the term used for component Y.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The student uses the circuit to measure the resistance of component Y.

Complete the diagram by adding electrical symbols to show an ammeter and a voltmeter
correctly connected to determine the resistance of component Y. [3]

[Total: 4]

30 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a diode that emits light when there is a current in it. Draw a circuit
diagram showing an LED, connected so that it is lit, in series with a battery and a fixed resistor.
Use standard electrical symbols.

[4]

[Total: 4]

31 The diagram shows a horizontal wire PQ placed in the gap between the N pole and the S pole of
a magnet.
 21

There is a current in the wire in the direction P to Q.

A force acts on the current-carrying wire in the magnetic field.

(a) On the diagram, draw

(i) an arrow, labelled M to show the direction of the magnetic field in the gap between the
poles of the magnet,

[1]

(ii) an arrow, labelled F to show the direction of the force on the current-carrying wire due
to the magnetic field of the magnet.

[1]

(b) State the effect of reversing the direction of the current in wire PQ.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The magnet is removed and the horizontal, current-carrying wire is left on its own, as shown in the
diagram.

(i) On the diagram, sketch the pattern of the magnetic field due to the current in the wire.
Indicate the field direction. [3]

(ii) The current in PQ is increased.

State the effect of this change in current on the magnetic field.

................................................................................................................................ [1]
 22

(d) A small magnet is placed at a point where the magnetic field is vertically upwards. State the
direction of the force on the S pole of the small magnet.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 8]

32 The diagram shows a transformer that consists of two coils P and Q, and an iron core.

There are 200 turns on coil P and 340 turns on coil Q.

A 4.0 V a.c. power supply is connected to coil P.

(a) (i) Explain why there is a voltage between the two terminals of coil Q.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [3]

(ii) Explain why the core of the transformer is made of soft iron.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]
 23

(b) (i) Calculate the voltage between the two terminals of coil Q.

voltage = ............................................... [2]

(ii) A heater is connected to coil Q. The current in the heater is 3.5 A. The transformer is
100% efficient.

Calculate the current in coil P.

current = ............................................... [2]

[Total: 8]

33 The diagram shows a straight wire AB placed in the magnetic field between the poles of a magnet.
The ends of AB are connected to a galvanometer.

When AB is moved vertically, the needle of the galvanometer shows a deflection.

State three factors that affect the size of the deflection.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ...............................................................................................................................................

3 ............................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]
 24

34 A student demonstrates electromagnetic induction.

Describe how to demonstrate electromagnetic induction using a magnet, a coil of wire and a sensitive
ammeter. You may include a diagram.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

35 The diagram represents a current in a wire. The current is into the plane of the paper.

(a) Draw the pattern of the magnetic field produced around the wire. Show clearly the direction
of the magnetic field.

[2]
 25

(b) The direction of the current in the wire is reversed. The magnitude of the current is unchanged.

State the effect that reversing the current has on the magnetic field produced.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

36 Electrical power is produced in a power station by an alternating current (a.c.) generator. The output
of the generator has a voltage of 22 000 V. The electrical power is transmitted at a voltage of
400 000 V.

Explain why electrical power is transmitted at a voltage of 400 000 V and not 22 000 V.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

37 A power supply circuit includes a transformer. Its input voltage is 240 V. There are 960 turns on the
input coil and 64 turns on the output coil.

Calculate the output voltage of the transformer.

output voltage = .............................................. V [3]

[Total: 3]
 26

38 The wire XY shown in the diagram is connected to a sensitive voltmeter with a centre zero. XY is
then moved quickly once through the magnetic field.

S
V
N
movement

What is observed on the voltmeter?

A The needle moves briefly in one direction and then returns to the centre.
B The needle moves quickly in one direction and stays deflected.
C The needle vibrates rapidly from side to side whilst XY is moving.
D The needle stays still.
[1]

[Total: 1]
 27

39 A solenoid connected to a battery produces a magnetic field. The wires are then connected to the
battery terminals the other way round.

Tick one box in the table to indicate the effect on the magnetic field.

decreases but not to zero

decreases to zero

reverses direction

increases

stays the same

[1]

[Total: 1]

40 A student uses a laptop computer. The student notices that the cable connecting the power adapter
for a laptop to the mains electricity supply is damaged as shown in the diagram.

(a) State the hazard of using mains equipment with damaged insulation.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
 28

(b) Describe how a fuse protects a mains electrical appliance.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]