D.

3 Motion in electromagnetic fields

The motion of charged particles in uniform electric fields

‘Stationary’ mobile charges will accelerate along a field line in a uniform electric field.

Charged particles moving across a uniform electric field

Freely moving charged particles travelling across electric fields will move in parabolic paths.

The motion of charged particles in uniform magnetic fields

 A moving charge will experience a force which is perpendicular to both the directions
of its velocity and the magnetic field.

 A charged particle moving perpendicularly across a uniform magnetic field will

follow a circular path.
Equation for the force on a charged particle moving across a magnetic field

The magnitude of the force, F, on a charged particle moving across a uniform magnetic field
depends on the:
 charge of the particle, q
 velocity of the particle, v
 strength of the magnetic field, B
 angle between the field and the velocity, θ.

The force is proportional to q, v, B and sinθ, so that: F = qvBsin θ

The radius of the circular path of a charged particle moving in a perpendicular magnetic field
can be determined from:

Motion of charged particles in both an electric field and a magnetic field

if the motion of a charged particle is unaffected by perpendicular electric and magnetic fields,
then, its velocity:

We cannot determine the charge on an unknown particle if we do not know its mass, or we
cannot determine the mass of an unknown particle if we do not know its charge.

Forces on current-carrying conductors

the force on a current I, passing through a conductor of length L across a uniform

magnetic field B at an angle θ is given by: F = BILsinθ