JV Global Services LLP (Naxeva Group) – Student handout

CAUSE AND EFFECT

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and
effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same
cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any
relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as
A. If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
B. If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
C. If both the statements I and II are independent causes;
D. If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and
E. If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
1. Statements:
a. The life today is too fast, demanding and full of variety in all aspects which at times leads to stressful
situations.
b. Number of suicide cases among teenagers is on increase.
2. Statements:
a. The prices of petrol and diesel in the domestic market have remained unchanged for the past few
months.
b. The crude oil prices in the international market have gone up substantially in the last few months.
3. Statements:
a. The government has recently fixed the fees for professional courses offered by the unaided
institutions which are much lower than the fees charged last year.
b. The parents of the aspiring students launched a severe agitation last year protesting against the high
fees charged by the unaided institutions.
4. Statements:
a. All the schools in the area had to be kept closed for most part of the week.
b. Many parents have withdrawn their children from the local schools.
5. Statements:
a. The police authority has recently caught a group of house breakers.
b. The citizens group in the locality have started night vigil in the area.
6. Statements:
a. Majority of the students in the college expressed their opinion against the college authority's decision
to break away from the university and become autonomous.
b. The university authorities have expressed their inability to provide grants to its constituent colleges.
7. Statements:
a. The literacy rate in the district has been increasing for the last four years.
b. The district administration has conducted extensive training program for the workers involved in the
literacy drive.
8. Statements:
a. The private medical colleges have increased the tuition fees in the current year by 200 per cent over
the last year's fees to meet the expenses.
b. The Government medical colleges have not increased their fees in spite of price escalation.
9. Statements:
JV Global Services LLP (Naxeva Group) – Student handout

a. The local co-operative credit society has decided to stop giving loans to farmers with immediate
effect.
b. A large number of credit society members have withdrawn major part of their deposits from the credit
society.
10. Statements:
a. The employees of the biggest bank in the country have given an indefinite strike call starting from
third of the next month.
b. The employees of the Central Government have withdrawn their week-long demonstrations.
11. Statements:
a. Police resorted to lathi-charge to disperse the unlawful gathering of large number of people.
b. The citizens' forum called a general strike in protest against the police atrocities.
12. Statements:
a. Majority of the citizens in the locality belongs to higher income group.
b. The sales in the local super market are comparatively much higher than in other localities
13. Statements:
a. The meteorological Department has issued a statement mentioning deficient rainfall during monsoon
in many parts of the country.
b. The Government has lowered the revised estimated GDP growth from the level of earlier estimates.
14. Statements:
a. Importance of Yoga and exercise is being realized by all sections of the society.
b. There is an increasing awareness about health in the society particularly among middle ages group of
people.
COURSE OF ACTION
In each question below is given a statement followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. You
have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the three given
suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.
1. Statement: A blast was triggered off injuring many, when the night shift workers at an ordinance
factory were handling `for signaling explosive.
Courses of Action:
I. The factory management should train its staff as regards to the safety aspects of handling such
explosive materials.
II. The service of the supervisor in charge of the night shift should be terminated immediately.
III. The factory should immediately stop carrying out such exercises at night.
a. None follows b. All follows c. Only I follow d. Only I and II follow e. None of these
2. Statement: A large number of tribal inhabitants are found to have been suffering from various
diseases due to exposure to radioactive waste near the uranium mine.
Courses of Action:
I. The Government should immediately close down the mine.
II. The Government should immediately take steps to save local people from exposure to radioactive
waste.
III. The tribals should be rehabilitated at a safer place.
a. Only I follow b. Only II follow c. Only III follow d. Only II and III follow e. None of these
JV Global Services LLP (Naxeva Group) – Student handout

3. Statement: India’s pre-eminent position in the world Black pepper production and trade is in danger
as some of the countries, which recently started production of the `king of the spices’ a crop from
Indian root stocks, are farming better by adopting modern cultivation practices.
Courses of Action:
I. India should immediately stop supplying root stocks of black pepper to other countries.
II. India should adopt modern technology for cultivating black pepper to compete in the international
market.
III. India should reduce the price of its black pepper to remain competitive in the world market.
a. All follow b. Only II Follows c. Only I follow d. Only III follow e. None of these
4. Statement: In the Teachers Day function, Shri Sharma, a State Awardee and a retired Principal, had
questioned the celebration of Teachers Day in today’s materialistic world.
Courses of Action:
I. The expenditure of Teachers Day celebration should be reduced.
II. More funds should be allocated for the celebration of Teachers Day.
III. The role and responsibilities of teachers should be seen in today’s perspective.
a. All follow b. Only III Follows c. Only II follows d. Only I follow e. None of these
5. Statement: The State Government has decided to declare `Kala Azar’ as a notifiable disease under the
Epidemic Act. Under the Epidemic Act, 1897, family members or neighbors of the patient are liable to
be punished in case they did not inform the State Authorities.
Courses of Action:
I. Efforts should be made to efficiently implement the Act.
II. The cases of punishment should be propagated through mass media so that more people become
aware of the stern action.
a. Only I follows c. Only II follows e. Either I or II follows
b. Neither I or II follows d. Both I and II follows
6. Statement: If the faculty members also join the strike, there is going to be a serious problem.
Courses of Action:
I. The faculty members should be persuaded not to go on strike.
II. Those faculty members who join the strike should be suspended.
III. The management should not worry about such small things.
a. All follow b. Only III Follows c. Only II follows d. Only I follow e. None of these
7. Statement: There have been many instances of dacoit and looting in many passengers trains this year.
Courses of Action:
I. The railway authority should immediately deploy one policeman in each compartment in all the
passenger trains.
II. The passengers travelling by train should be given training on how to tackle with the dacoits and
looters.
a. Only I follow c. Only II Follows e. Either I or II follows
b. Neither I or II follow d. Both I and II follows.
8. Statement: Since its launching in 1881, Vayudoot has so far accumulated losses amounting to Rs 153
crore.
Courses of Action:
I. Vayudoot should be directed to reduce wasteful expenditure and to increase passenger fare.
JV Global Services LLP (Naxeva Group) – Student handout

II. An amount of about Rs 300 crore should be provided to Vayudoot to make the airliner economically
viable.
a. Only I b. Only II c. Either I or II d. Neither I or II e. Both I and II
9. Statement: Sugar mills have said that they will not be able to pay the minimum price fixed by the
government for sugarcane for the next season.
Courses of Action:
I. The government should appoint a committee to look into the matter.
II. A notice should be sent to all sugar mill owners to abide by the decision made by the government.
III. Disciplinary action should be taken against all those sugar mill owners who are ready to violate the
government's decision.
a. Only I b. Only II and III c. Only I and III follows d. All I, II and III e. None of these
10. Statement: There is an alarming trend of skewed sex ratio against women in India during the past
decade and situation may get out of hand if adequate steps are not taken to stop female feticide.
Which of the following can be an effective step to reverse the trend?
Courses of Action:
I. The Government should immediately completely ban use of scanners/ sonography on expectant
mothers at all health centers.
II. The Government should announce a substantial incentive scheme for couples who have at least one
girl child.
III. The Government should launch a nationwide campaign to create awareness against female feticide.
a. Only I b. Only I and II c. Only II and III follows d. All I, II and III e. None of these
11. Statement: Every year Malaria gets rampant after the rains.
Courses of Action:
I. Pesticides should be properly sprayed on a regular basis.
II. People should be supplied with mosquito nets and mosquito coils free by the government.
III. Using various means of media, people should be informed about the methods to be adopted for
prevention from these seasonal diseases.
a. Only I and III follow c. Only II and III follow e. Only II follows
b. Only III follow d. All the three follows.
12. Statement: Ministry of Tourism in its one of the reports revealed that due to recent social
disturbances in the country, the number of foreign tourists has decreased considerably, which
resulted in a financial loss of Rs.100 crore.
Courses of Action:
I. The Government should provide financial support to the tourism sector.
II. Foreign tourists should be informed that they visit the country at their risk.
a. Only conclusion I follows c. Only conclusion II follows e. Either I or II follows
b. Neither I or II follows d. Both conclusions I and II follows.
13. Statement: A large number of people in ward X of the city are diagnosed to be suffering from a fatal
malaria type.
Courses of Action:
I. The city municipal authority should take immediate steps to carry out extensive fumigation in
ward X.
II. The people in the area should be advised to take steps to avoid mosquito bites.
a. Only I follows c. Either I or II follows e. Both I and II follows.
JV Global Services LLP (Naxeva Group) – Student handout

b. Only II follows d. Neither I or II follows

14. Statement: Statement: Severe drought is reported to have set in several parts of the country.
Courses of Action:
I. Government should immediately make arrangement for providing financial assistance to
those affected.
II. Food, water and fodder should immediately be sent to all these areas to save the people and
cattle.
a. Only I follows c. Either I or II follows e. Both I and II follows.
b. Only II follows d. Neither I or II follows