Narrative Writing:

Write a story about a character who discovers a hidden talent and how it changes
his/her life? Write a narrative in 280-350 words.
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Recount Writing:

Recall a day when you travelled via train and it was delayed due to the weather
forecast. Write a recount in 280-350 words.
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Descriptive Writing:

Describe a place from your childhood that holds special memories for you. Explain
why is it significant and what you remember most about it? Write in 250-280 words.
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Report Writing:

Write a report on the satellite launch by Pakistan Aeronautical Engineers. Share its
significance for the positive image of Pakistan. Write your report in 130-150 words.
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Argumentative Writing:

Freedom of expression means being free to share your beliefs in public. Some people
think there should be no limits to freedom of expression. Explain why freedom of
expression should/shouldn’t be limited in some situations. Write your stance with
counter arguments in 200-250 words.
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Persuasive Writing

The decisions parents make can have a huge impact on the lives of their children. Should
parents consider the impact while making any such decision. Why or why not?
Persuade with reasons in 200-250 words.
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Informal Letter Writing

Write a letter to your maternal aunt and invite her over for Summer Vacations to
Pakistan as you want to spend time with your cousins. Write in 150-180 words.

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Formal Letter Writing

Write a complaint letter to the authorities of Recreational Club to include more

activities for all age groups to justify their slogan, “ Entertainment for all”. Write a letter
in 150-180 words.

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Different types of sentences: question, exclamation, statement:

Match the type of sentence to its correct definition/description:

1. Declarative
a) ask a question, and always end in a question mark
b) make a request or give a demand, can end in either a period or an exclamation
point
c) make a statement, and always end in a period
d) communicate strong emotion, and always end in an exclamation point
2. Interrogative
a) communicate strong emotion, and always end in an exclamation point
b) make a statement, and always end in a period
c) ask a question, and always end in a question mark
d) make a request or give a demand, can end in either a period or an exclamation
point
3. Imperative
a) communicate strong emotion, and always end in an exclamation point
b) make a statement, and always end in a period
c) make a request or give a demand, can end in either a period or an exclamation
point
d) ask a question, and always end in a question mark
4. Exclamatory
a) ask a question, and always end in a question mark
b) communicate strong emotion, and always end in an exclamation point
c) make a statement, and always end in a period
d) make a request or give a demand, can end in either a period or an exclamation
point
5. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:

Which season is your favorite?

a) Declarative
b) Exclamatory
c) Imperative
d) Interrogative
6. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
Fall is my favorite season.
a) Declarative
b) Interrogative
c) Imperative
d) Exclamatory
7. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
Do your work, now.
a) Exclamatory
b) Imperative
c) Declarative
d) Interrogative
8. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
Fall is the best season ever!
a) Imperative
b) Interrogative
c) Exclamatory
d) Declarative
9. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
Do you have a tik-tok account?
a) Exclamatory
b) Interrogative
c) Declarative
d) Imperative
10.Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
I have a tik-tok account.
a) Exclamatory
b) Declarative
c) Imperative
d) Interrogative
11. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
Create a Tik-Tok account.
a) Declarative
b) Imperative
c) Exclamatory
d) Interrogative
12. Choose the type of sentence that describe the sentence below best:
I'm so excited that you have a Tik-Tok account!
a) Imperative
b) Interrogative
c) Declarative
d) Exclamatory
13. Match the type of sentence to its correct definition/description.
____________ sentences make a statement and always end in a period.
a) Exclamatory
b) Declarative
c) Interrogative
d) Imperative
14. Match the type of sentence to its correct definition/description.
____________ sentences communicate strong emotion, and always end in an
exclamation point.
a) Interrogative
b) Imperative
c) Declarative
d) Exclamatory
15. Match the type of sentence to its correct definition/description.
____________ sentences ask a question, and always end in a question mark.
 a) Exclamatory
b) Imperative
c) Interrogative
d) Declarative
16. Match the type of sentence to its correct definition/description.
____________ sentences make a request or give a demand, can end in either a
period or an exclamation point.
a) Imperative
b) Exclamatory
c) Declarative
d) Interrogative

Write four different types of sentences in the space provided below:

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Conditional Sentences:
Examples include:

Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees Celsius.

When you heat ice, it melts.
We will stay at home if it snows.
We would stay at home if it snowed.

Complete the following conditional sentences:

1. If you try harder, you ……………………….. (succeed)

2. If he does not start now, he ………………………. (miss) the train.

3. If I had known her address, I ………………………… (write) to her.

4. He would buy a car if he …………………………… the promotion. (get)

5. If you had been here, this ………………………… (not happen)

6. If he had applied for the post, he ………………………….. (get) it.

7. If we hadn’t hired a taxi, we ……………………………. (miss) the flight.

8. If it ……………………………., we could have gone swimming. (not rain)

9. If he had taken rest, his health ………………………………. (improve)

10. If he had asked me, I ………………………….. him. (tell)

11. If the driver had been a little more careful, the accident ……………………………. (avoid)

12. If we had started a little earlier, we ……………………………….. (not miss) the bus.

Direct/Indirect:

Change the following sentences from direct to indirect sentences:

1. The man said, ‘I am waiting for the bus.’

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2. Suma said, ‘Last week, I attended a seminar on the harmful consequences of global
warming.’

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3. Julia said, ‘I will be delighted to help.’

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4. The plumber said, ‘I have fixed the leakage in the bathroom.’

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5. The teacher said, ‘All students should submit their assignments before Friday.’

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6. The master told the servant, ‘Clean the barn before you leave.’

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7. The doctor said to the patient, ‘You have to quit smoking.’

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8. The mother said to the boy, ‘I am taking you to the doctor.’

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9. The girl said, ‘I am hungry.’

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10. The clerk said to the manager, ‘I want to leave early today.’
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Transform these sentences into direct speech.

1. My brother instructed me to meet him at Planetarium.

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2. The members said that they did not want to appoint Mr. Gupta as their manager.

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3. She exclaimed with delight that she was glad to see him at the annual function.

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4. My uncle advised me to take the old man across the road.

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5. The instructor suggested that the teacher could have her class outside of the
class that day.

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6. The colleagues said that they were sad about the loss of the company.

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7. My friend asked the driver if he was familiar with the route.

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8. Julia said that she wanted to attend the marriage party of her friend.

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9. Fareed said that he was in great pain due to corona-19.

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10. The government strictly ordered us to stay at home and not to go out
unnecessarily.
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Tenses: Present, Past and Future

Present Tense:

Tense Form Rules Examples

Used for habitual

Simple Tense Subject + Verb actions, general truths, She writes stories.

or facts.

Subject + Auxiliary Verb Used for actions

Continuous Tense (am/is/are) + Main happening at a specific He is eating dinner.

Verb + -ing time or duration.

Subject + Auxiliary Verb Used to show actions

They have finished their
Perfect Tense (have/has/had) + Past completed before a
homework.
Participle Verb certain time.

Examples:

Simple Tense:
● She writes stories.
● He plays football every Saturday.
Continuous Tense:
● She is reading a book.
● They are singing in the choir.
Perfect Tense:
● He has eaten his lunch.
● They had already left when I arrived.

1. Which sentence indicates use of present simple tense?

a. She is eating her lunch right now.

b. They have been playing soccer for an hour.
c. He reads a book every night before bed.
d. I have never seen that movie before.

2. In which sentence is the present continuous tense used?

a. We went to the park yesterday.

b. They will bake cookies for the party.
c. She is swimming in the pool.
d. He has finished his homework early.
3. Which sentence is in the present perfect tense?

a. Sarah will travel to Paris next summer.

b. They were watching a movie all evening.
c. I have already seen that new TV show.
d. The baby is sleeping peacefully.

4. Identify the sentence in the present simple tense.

a. I have been reading that book for weeks.

b. They are going to the beach on Saturday.
c. He always plays basketball after school.
d. She has written a story for the contest.

5. In which sentence is the present continuous tense used?

a. Lisa travelled to London last month.

b. The kids have finished their ice cream.
c. It is raining outside right now.
d. He cooked dinner for his family.

6. Which sentence is in the present perfect continuous tense?

a. Sarah dances beautifully at the recital.

b. They have visited the Grand Canyon many times.
c. I have been studying French for two years.
d. The sun sets in the west every evening.

7. Select the sentence in the present simple tense.

a. She has been painting all morning.

b. They were singing at the concert last night.
c. He plays the guitar in a band.
d. I have lost my keys somewhere.

8. In which sentence is the present continuous tense used?

a. The students finished their project yesterday.

b. John has cooked dinner for his parents.
c. It is snowing heavily outside right now.
d. She writes poetry in her free time.

9. Identify the sentence in the present perfect tense.

a. Susan will bake a cake for the party.
b. I have finished my homework.
c. I have just bought a new bike.
d. The birds are chirping in the trees.

10. Which sentence is in the present simple tense?

a. He has been volunteering at the shelter.

b. They will be arriving at the airport soon.
c. She always walks her dog in the evening.
d. I have seen that movie twice already.

Read the sentences and change their tenses as directed.

1. The boy speaks the truth. (Present Continuous Tense)

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2. Mr Cooper has spoken about Dinosaurs. (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)

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3. The boat sailed yesterday. (Simple Present Tense)

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4. Amy went to school yesterday. ( Future Continuous Tense)

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5. The baby cried for hours. (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)

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6. Robert ate all the cookies. (Present Perfect Tense)

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7. I have finished my assignment. (Past Perfect Tense)

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8. Mr Bert had taught for five years. (Past Perfect Continuous Tense)

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9. David saw the Prime Minister yesterday. (Future Continuous Tense)

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10. Priya shall finish her stitching by then. (Future Perfect Tense)

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Use the appropriate form (Past Tense: Past Indefinite, Past Continuous or Past
Perfect) of the verb given in brackets to fill in the blanks.

Tense Form Rules Examples

Used for actions

Subject + Verb (past She played tennis
Simple Past completed at a specific
tense) yesterday.
time in the past.

Used for actions that

Subject + "was/were" + were ongoing at a They were studying

Past Continuous
Main Verb + -ing specific time in the when the phone rang.

past.

Used to show an action

She had already
Subject + "had" + Past completed before
Past Perfect finished her work
Participle Verb another action in the
before lunchtime.
past.

1. Mr Ranjit’s sudden arrival ……………………. (surprise) everyone.

2. The girls……… everybody to the dining table to enjoy the food, (invite)
3. They…….. him before he……….. that they were thieves, (rob, realise)
4. Lai Bahadur Shastri……… a simple life but still ……. the nation to unprecedented
heights of success, (live, take)
5. The little boys…….. dance merrily while the music was playing, (dance)
6. She …….. queen and ………. to be known as Lakshmibai. (become, come)
7. Maddy…………. for a job for a few months when I met him last year, (look for)
8. She was……….. to hide her tears when I………….. her crying, (try, notice)
9. Lydia……. many difficulties before she……………. with her life partner, (face, meet)
10. I didn’t ………… why she …………… so loudly. (understand/shout)

Use the correct form of verb in the following sentences and correct the mistake.

1. These grapes are tasting sour.

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2. I am thinking you are wrong.

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4. He is having a cellular phone.

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Time and sequence vocabulary

just in time, early, after, hastily, finally, already, ahead, first , ahead, after

In the ______________morning hours, as the ______________ rays of sunlight

pierced through the curtains, Sarah woke up to the gentle chirping of birds outside her

window. ____________ stretching and yawning, she checked the time on her alarm

clock and realized it was _____________ seven o'clock. With a quick glance at her

agenda, she remembered she had an important meeting scheduled for nine.

_________, she jumped out of bed and rushed to the bathroom to freshen up.

______________ a refreshing shower and a quick breakfast, she grabbed her keys

and dashed out the door. As she drove through the bustling streets, the minutes ticked

by, reminding her of the impending deadline. _________, she arrived at the

office__________________, feeling relieved and ready to tackle the day

_____________.

Phrasal verbs:
A phrasal verb combines a normal verb with an adverb or preposition, referred to as
the particles of the phrasal verb, to create an entirely new verbal phrase—the phrasal
verb.
Complete the following sentences using appropriate phrasal verbs.

1. He turned ——————– to be a gangster. (out / off / on)

2. He worked ———————– the problem in a few minutes. (on / out / up)

3. He knows how to work ——————— the mob. (out / up / on)

4. He had promised to come, but he didn’t turn ——————– ( out / up / off)

5. His own friends and family turned ——————— him. (out / against / off)

6. That piano takes —————— too much space. (off / up / after)

7. She takes ——————- her mother. (after / off / on)

8. They are determined to stand ——————- for their rights. (out / up / over)

9. He always runs ——————- his opponents. (down / out / off)

10. The cost of living has run ——————– considerably. (up / across / off)

Complex punctuations

A few examples for support:

The dog barked loudly, startling the birds nearby.
Have you seen my keys? I can't seem to find them anywhere.
She rushed to catch the train, her heart pounding with excitement.
Part One: Correctly put a period(.), exclamation point(!), or question mark(?) after each
sentence.
Rule for use of commas:

● To separate items in a list: "I need to buy apples, bananas, and oranges."
● To separate independent clauses when joined by coordinating conjunctions (and, but,
or, so, etc.): "She likes to read, and he prefers to watch movies."
● To set off introductory words, phrases, or clauses: "After the rain stopped, the sun
came out."
● To separate nonessential information or clauses: "My friend, who lives in New York, is
visiting next week."
● To separate items in dates, addresses, and numbers: "The meeting is on Monday,
January 10, 2022, at 2:00 PM."
● To indicate direct address or direct speech: "John, would you pass the salt?" "She said,
'I will be there soon.'"

1. What's an end mark 16. Why not

2. Stop or I'll shoot 17. I want mine with jelly beans
3. Did he stop 18. Brian wants to know if we have jelly
4. Of course he did beans
5. Somebody came prepared today 19. Well, do we
6. Should I put the end mark here 20. Eek, a spider
7. I don't see why not 21. I wonder where he went
8. Well, are you hungry for chitterlings 22. With what will you crush him
9. I wonder if they taste good with onions 23. You should use this egg
10. Help A fire broke out outside 24. What could go wrong
11. Are they supposed to taste like that 25. I wish he knew what he was doing
12. Rush Marsha to the hospital, now 26. Was he doing what he knew he
13. Have you heard the news shouldn't
14. Marsha's services will be held this 27. Shouldn't he do what he knows he
Sunday should
15. Do you want chitterlings for breakfast 28. Please, anyone, save me
29. Think about what you would do
30. The cat sat on the mat, watching the
rain fall outside

Part Two: Write the correct end marks on the blank lines.
 Have you ever seen a duck-billed platypus ____ They look cute and fuzzy ____ They
are so cute and fuzzy that one might not even notice the spur on the male platypus's ankle ___
One might also be surprised to learn that the venom in this ankle spur… could kill a small dog
___ Do you want to know something even worse ___ This venom contains a chemical that
heightens one's sensitivity to pain ___ That means that if you get hit with that spur, you'll be in
more pain than you've ever felt ever ___ I bet that you didn't know that ___ Oh, you did know
that ___ Well, you’re welcome for the reminder_

Fact and Opinion:

In the bustling city of Greenfield, the sun sets behind the tall skyscrapers every
evening, painting the sky with vibrant hues of orange and pink. This is a fact universally
acknowledged by its residents. However, opinions diverge when it comes to the best
spot to view this nightly spectacle. Some claim the rooftop of the Greenfield Tower
offers the most breathtaking view, while others swear by the charm of the Riverside
Park. Amongst the chatter, one thing remains certain – the city's skyline never fails to
inspire awe, bridging the gap between facts and personal perspectives.

Directions: Read each statement and then circle whether it is a fact or opinion. Give
reason to validate your answer.

1. The fastest land dwelling creature is the Cheetah.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

2. Michael Jordan has a career average of 30.4 points per game.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

3. George Washington was the first President of the United States under the
Constitution.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

4. The ugliest sea creature is the manatee.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

5. Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

6. There seems to be too much testing in public schools.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

7. Prison is one of the worst places on the planet.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

8. It is wrong for people under the age of 18 to drive.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

9. Sister Carrie was written by Theodore Dreiser.

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

10. Lord of the Rings: Return of the King won eleven Oscars (Academy Awards).

Fact or Opinion

Reason ___________________________________________________________

Comprehension
Title: A Day at the Beach

The sun beat down on the golden sands of the beach, casting a warm glow over the

vibrant umbrellas and colorful beach towels. Families frolicked in the gentle waves,

while children built towering sandcastles along the shore. Sarah, a young girl with

sandy blonde hair, giggled as she chased seagulls in the surf, her laughter blending

with the sound of crashing waves. Nearby, her parents relaxed under the shade of a

striped beach umbrella, sipping cool drinks and soaking in the tranquil atmosphere.

As the day wore on, the beach became livelier, with groups of friends playing volleyball

and families enjoying picnics on the sand. Sarah and her parents ventured into the
water, diving through the waves and floating lazily on inflatable rafts. The salty breeze

carried the scent of sunscreen and saltwater, mingling with the sounds of laughter and

chatter.

After a refreshing swim, Sarah and her family retreated to their spot on the beach,

spreading out a colourful picnic blanket and unpacking a feast of sandwiches, fruit,

and snacks. Seagulls circled overhead, hoping for a stray crumb or two, while the

distant cry of a passing dolphin echoed across the waves.

As the afternoon sun began to dip towards the horizon, casting a warm orange glow

over the water, Sarah's parents announced it was time to pack up and head home.

Reluctantly, Sarah gathered her belongings, casting one last wistful glance at the sea

before trudging back towards the car.

Comprehension Questions:

Q1: Describe Sarah's experience at the beach.

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Q2: What did Sarah and her family do after swimming?

● A) Played volleyball
● B) Had a picnic
● C) Built sandcastles
● D) Went surfing

Q3: What activities do families usually engage in at the beach? Write any two.

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Q4:What senses are evoked by the description of the beach? Write in 30-35 words.
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Q5: Why do you think Sarah felt reluctant to leave the beach?

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From the above written passage take out the sensory words and write in the table
below:

Sight Hear Smell Feel Taste

Collocation:
A collocation is a group of words that sound natural when used together. For example:

● fast train
● (Using "fast" with "train" sounds natural to a native speaker. This is an
example of a collocation.)quick train (unnatural)

(This is not technically wrong, but using "quick" with "train" sounds unnatural, even
though the words are perfectly understandable.)
Pick the right option from the choices given below:

1. He arrived at exactly 11am, _____ on time.

 ● right
● straight

2. What do you do in your _____ time?

● free
● loose

3. We couldn't finish because we ________ time.

● ran through
● ran out of

4. If we take this short cut we'll _____ some time.

● keep
● save

5. We _____ time sitting in a traffic jam. We should've taken the train.

● damaged
● wasted

6. There have been several robberies in the _____ weeks.

● past few
● few past

7. The Internet was developed in the _____ century.

● last 20th
● late 20th

8. They're really busy. They work ________ dusk.

● from dawn to
● from day to

9. You'll forget all about it ________ by.

● when time comes

● as time goes

10. Can you ________ to meet us this week?

● make time
 ● do time

Colloquial Language vs Formal Language

Colloquial Language:

● Definition: Colloquial language refers to the everyday language used in informal

settings, such as conversations among friends or family.
● Example: “Hey, wanna grab some coffee later?”
Formal Language:
● Definition: Formal language is characterised by adherence to standard rules
and conventions. It is used in more serious or professional contexts.
● Example: “I am writing to formally request your presence at the upcoming
conference.”

MCQs:

Q1: Which sentence is the formal way of saying, “He asked for more cash.”
● He wants more money.
● Better give him more dough.
● I need some extra bucks.
● He requested more money.

Q2: Which sentence is the informal way to say: “I regret that I have been otherwise
occupied every time you have contacted me.”
● I've been busy.
 ● I have much to do.
● I'm sorry I've been busy every time you have tried to call me.
● I have not been able to contact you.

Q3: Which pair of informal and formal words are NOT synonyms?
● busy/occupied
● help/assist
● begin/receive
● ask/request
Q4: What would be the informal synonym for inform?

● busy
● tell
● check
● get

Q5: Pick the combination of words that are formal:

● verify and request
● ask and because
● won't and need
● busy and sorry

Q6: Pick the combination of words that are informal:

● due to and require
● assist and receive
● occupied and possess
● help and give

Q7: I can use the phrase "get hurt" in formal writing.

● True
● False
Q8: Improve the following statement into a formal language:
"Germs grow well in dirty and warm temperatures."

● Bacteria thrive in unhygienic and warm conditions.

● Bacteria grows in very crampy and hot conditions.
● Bacteria grows in eewww surroundings and super hot conditions.
● Bacteria thrive in unsanitary and cold conditions.
Q9:Improve the following statement into a formal language.
"The research assistant checked out the incident and got back to him the next day."

● The research assistant navigated the incident and returned to him the following
day.
● The research assistant investigated the incident and reported to him the
following day.
● The research assistant know more about the matter and reported to him the
following day.
● The research assistant explored the incident but failed to coordinate with him
the following day.