NI REVIEWER
Field of nursing informatics exploded
1. Field of applied computer science
concerned with the processing of
information such as nursing information
NURSING INFORMATICS
2. Introduced into healthcare facilities for
the processing of basic administrative
tasks. Began HIT and EHR System
COMPUTER, 1960s
3. Technology that captures, processes,
and generates healthcare information
HEALTHCARE INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (HIT)
4. Electronic Health Record Systems
EHR System
5. Seven Time Periods
Prior to 1960s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s,
1990s, 2000s, 2010s
6. Computers were first developed
1930s to early 1940s
7. Computers used in healthcare for basic
office administrative and financial
accounting functions; punch cards, card
readers; teletypewriters.
1950s & 1960s
8. Uses of computer technology in
healthcare settings began to be explored
1960s
9. Hospitals began developing computer-
based information systems.
1970s
10. Computers and Nursing began to emerge
in public and home health services and
education.
1970s
11. Automation in public health agencies
began as a result of pressure to
standardized data collection
1970s
12. 1970 conferences were sponsored by:
1. Division of Nursing (DN)
2. Public Health Services (PHS)
3. National League for Nursing (NLN)
13. One of the first uses of a computerized
teaching system; teach classes in off-
campus sites; alternative to traditional
classroom education.
PLATO
14. PLATO
1970s
15. Provided educational conferences and
workshops regarding computer
technology and its influence on nursing
1. Public Health Service
2. Army Nurse Corps
16. Eclipsys, now Allscript; one of the
earliest clinical information systems; was
the first system to include nursing
practice protocols.
TDS Computer System
17.
and became visible in the healthcare
industry and nursing; nursing profession
needed to update its practice standards
1980s
18. National an international conferences
and workshops were conducted
1981
19. Mainframe healthcare information
systems (HISs) emerged with nursing
subsystems
1980s
20. Microcomputer or personal computer
(PC) emerged
1980s
21. Served as dumb terminals linked to the
mainframe computers; stand-alone
systems (workstations); allowed nurses
to design and program their own
applications
Personal Computer (PC)
22. Nurses began presenting at
multidisciplinary conferences and
formed their own working groups within
HT organizations
1980s
23. Resolutions were passed by the
American Nurses Association (ANA)
regarding computer use in nursing
1980s
24. ANA approved the formation of the
Council on Computer Applications in
Nursing (CCAN)
 1985
25. Solicit several early pioneers to develop
monographs on the status of computers
in nursing practice, education, research,
and management.
Council on Computer Applications in
Nursing (CCAN)
26. Developed a yearly Computer Nurse
Directory on the known nurses involved
in the field
Council on Computer Applications in
Nursing (CCAN)
27. Large integrated healthcare delivery
systems evolved, further creating the
need for information across healthcare
facilities within these large systems to
standardized processes, control costs,
and assure quality of care.
1990s
28. Emphasizes standardized transactions,
and privacy and security of patient-
identifiable information
Health Insurance of Portability and
Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996
29. ANA recognized Nursing Informatics as a
new nursing specialty.
1992
30. Forum for networking and continuing
education for nurses involved with
informatics
1990s
31. Nurse administrators started to demand
that the HITs include nursing care
protocols and nurse educators continued
to require use of innovative technologies
for all levels and types of nursing and
patient education
1990s
32. ANA developed the Nursing Information
and Data Set Evaluation Standards
(NIDSEC) to evaluate and recognize
nursing information systems
1997
33. Internet began providing access to
information and knowledge databases to
be integrated into bedside systems
1995
34. Allowed organizations to communicate
more effectively and increased access to
information that supported nursing
practice.
World Wide Web (WWW)
35. Digitalized and newer technologies
emerged
2000s
36. Recommendation calling for all
healthcare providers to adopt
interoperable EHRs by 2014-2015
Executive Order 13335 established the
Office of the National Coordinator for
Healthcare Information Technology
(ONC)
37. Hospitals became “paperless”
2000s
38. Use of
1. Barcoding
2. Radiofrequency identification (RFID)
2000s
39. Right patient with the right medication
Radiofrequency identification (RFID)
40. Help nurses find equipment or scan
patients to assure all surgical equipment
is removed from inside patients before
surgical sites are closed.
Radiofrequency identification (RFID)
41. Monitor patients at hoe and support
specialty consultation in rural and
undeserved areas
TELEHEALTH APPLICATIONS
42. Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)
demonstrated that continued consensus
and effort was needed to bring to
fruition the vision and implementation
of minimum nursing data into clinical
practice
2010s
43. Meaningful Use (MU) legislation
2010s
44. Implemented in at least 3 stages; goal of
implementing a complete and
interoperable HER and/or HIT system in
all US hospitals
Meaningful Use (MU) legislation
45. MU Stage 1
 2011-2012
46. Initiated focusing primarily on the
Computerized Physician Order Entry
(CPOE) initiative for physicians.
MU Stage 1
47. MU Stage 2
2012-2013
48. Implementation of Quality Indicators
(used to guide hospitals in patient safety)
MU Stage 2
49. MU Stage 3
2015-2016
50. Focus on care outcome measures and
tentatively proposed Care Plans
MU Stage 3
51. Enable consumers to have access to their
health information and choose whether
to share this across healthcare providers
and settings
Consumer-Centric Healthcare System
52. Those who “opened up” a new area in
NI and provided a sustained contribution
to the specialty
Pioneers
53. Backgrounds of nursing pioneers
Career paths varied considerably
54. Developed and recommended by the
ANA
NURSING EDUCATION STANDARDS
55. Official professional nursing
organization; published Nursing: Scope
and Standards of Practice (ANA,2008)
ANA
56. Focused not only on the organizing
principles of clinical nursing practice but
also on the standards of professional
performance
Nursing: Scope and Standards of
Practice (ANA, 2008)
57. Updated version: builds on clinical
practice standards, outlining further the
importance of implementing
standardized content to support nursing
practice by specialists in NI
Nursing: Scope and Standards of
Practice (ANA, 2010)
58. Primary professional organization that
accredits undergraduate nursing
programs
National League for Nursing (NLN)
59. Also accredits nursing education
programs, revised the:
1. The Essentials for Doctoral Education
for Advanced Nursing Practice
(AACN, 2006)
2. The Essentials of Baccalaureate
Education for Professional Nursing
Practice (AACN, 2011)
American Association of Colleges of
Nursing (AACN)
60. Began with Florence Nightingale’s six
Cannons in her “Notes on Nursing”
(1959)
Standardization of Nursing
61. Published by Viriginia Henderson; list of
activities and conditions that became
the beginning of nursing practice
standards in this country
1895, 14 Daily Patterns of Living
62. ANA accepted as the professional
standards for nursing practice, which
was followed by the standardization of
nursing content-data elements- in 1973
1870, “Nursing Process”
63. Nursing organizations, educational
institutions, and vendors developed
nursing data sets, classifications, or
terminologies for the documentation of
nursing practice.
1973
64. responsible for determining whether a
terminology meets the criteria they
established
ANA
65. ANA has "recognized" ____ nursing
terminologies; ANA selected six of the
ANA-"recognized" nursing languages for
inclusion in the National Library of
Medicine's (NLM)
12
66. "Why is healthcare still predominantly
using paper-based records when so
many new computer-based information
technologies are emerging?"
1989, Institute of Medicine (IOM)
67. developed by the CPRI Work Group;
measure and evaluate the
accomplishments of CPR projects
1993, CPR Project Evaluation Criteria
68. A. During this period in the 1980s, many
mainframes healthcare information
systems emerged from nursing
subsystems.
B. The American Nurses Association
approved the formation of the Council
on Computer Applications in Nursing in
1985.
Both statement a and B are correct
69. A. One of the first uses of a computerized
teaching system called PLATO, which was
implemented to teach classes in off-
campus sites as an alternative to
traditional classroom education, was
reported in the 1980s.
B. Nurses became super users of
computer technology in the 1960s as
nurses monitored patient's status via
cardiac monitors and instituted
treatment regiments through ventilators
and other computerized devices.
Only statement B is correct.
70. Computerization and electronic
processing affect all aspects of
healthcare delivery, EXCEPT:
non-refundable for patient care
71. These are the high-level standards in the
Nursing Information and Data Set
Evaluation Standards to evaluate and
recognize nursing information systems.
(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
• General system characteristics
• inclusion of ANA-recognized
terminologies
• data were included in a clinical
data repository
• linkages among concepts
represented by the
terminologies were retained in
a logical and reusable manner
72. The American Association of Colleges of
Nursing revised The Essentials for
Doctoral Education for Advanced
Nursing Practice and The Essentials of
Baccalaureate Education for Professional
Nursing Practice to require the following:
The use of computers and informatics
for both baccalaureate and graduate
education
73. A. The development of radio frequency
identification provided voice cost-
effective communication for healthcare
organizations.
B. The use of voice over Internet protocol
emerged as a useful technology to match
the right patient with the right
medication to improve patient safety
Both statements A and B are incorrect.
74. Which of the following happened in the
year 1988 until 1993? (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• The Priority Expert Panel E: Nursing
Informatics Task Force was held at the
National Center for Nursing Research.
• A CPRI Work Group developed the
CPR Project Evaluation Criteria.
• The Computer-Based Patient Record
Institute was created.
• The ANA recognized Nursing
Informatics as a new nursing specialty.
75. A. Microcomputer or personal
computer (PC) emerged in the 1990s.
B. Nurses began presenting at
multidisciplinary conferences and
formed their own working groups
within HIT organizations, such as the
first Nursing Special Interest Group on
Computers, which met for the first time
during 1991.
Both statements A and B are incorrect.
76. Which of the following happened in the
year 1973 until 1977? (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• The State-of-the-Art
Conference on Management
for Public and Community
• Health Agencies was sponsored
by NLN and DN.
 • First undergraduate academic
course on Computers and
Nursing was taught at the State
University of New York
• The standardization of nursing
content data elements was
accepted.
77. Which of the following happened in the
year 2009? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
• Provision for strengthening the
original HIPAA legislation were
included in the HITECH Act.
• ICNP was recognized by WHO
as the First International
Nursing Terminology
78. Which of the following happened in the
year 2010 until 2013? (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• MU Stage 2 was introduced
focusing primarily on the
implementation of Quality
Indicators.
• University of Minnesota
formed the Doctor of Nursing
Practice Specialty in
Informatics (2010)
79. A. Computers were initially used in
healthcare facilities for basic office
administrative and financial accounting
functions prior to the 1960s.
B. National and international
conferences and workshops were
conducted by a few nursing pioneers to
help nurses understand and get involved
in this emerging nursing specialty in the
1970s.
Only statement A is correct.
80. Which of the following happened in the 85. 18.This is an all-encompassing term
year 2000 until 2005? (SELECT ALL THAT referring to technology that captures,
APPLY) processes, and generates healthcare
• Executive Order 13335 information.
established the Office of the Health Information Technology
National Coordinator for
Healthcare Information 86. A. Databases for EHR could be hosted
Technology remotely on the Internet, decreasing
• ICNP Programme Office was costs of implementing EHR in the 2000s.
established by the International B. The need for computer-based nursing
Council of Nurses. practice standards, data standards,
nursing minimum data sets, and national
81. Which of the following is INCORRECT databases emerged concurrent with the
regarding the Nicholas E. Davies Award need for a unified nursing language in
of Excellence Program? the 1980s.
The Public Health category was first Only a is correct
initiated in 2006.
87. By definition, these are nurses who
82. These provided a means for nurses to forged into the unknown and had a
monitor patients at home and support vision of what was possible, even if they
specialty consultation in rural and did not know how to get there.
underserved areas. pioneers
Telehealth applications
CHAPTER 2
83. SNOMED-CT became the International 1. general term applied to the instructions
Health Terminology Standards that direct the computer's hardware to
Development Organization in the year: perform work
2002 software
84. This was designed to be implemented in 2. consists of physical components
at least three stages with the ultimate hardware
goal of implementing a complete and
interoperable HER and HIT system in all 3. main functions of software
US hospitals. translate human language to machine
meaningful use language & make computer an
economical tool
4. sets of organized instructions
programs
5. typically set of related programs
package
6. three basic types of software
1. Systems software
2. Utility programs
3. Applications software
7. boots up the computer; controls input,
output and storage and controls the
operations of application software
Systems software
8. consists of programs designed to
support and optimize the functioning of
the computer system itself
Utility Software
9. includes various programs that allows
users to perform day-to-day tasks
applications software
10. clean up unwanted programs, protect
the system against virus attacks, access
the WWW and the like
utility programs
11. reduces the amount of confusion when
multiple programs are running together.
cache memory
12. stored in ROM chip of the motherboard
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
13. Software that is permanently stored in a
chip. The BIOS on a motherboard is an
example of this. straddle between a
hardware and a software
Firmware
14. Software is used to control the computer
and its peripheral equipment. overall
controller of the computer
Operating System (OS)
15. connection between the user and the
computer
interface
16. most crucial task of an Operating System
management of storage
17. designed to keep the computer system
operating efficiently.
utility software
18. six types of utility software
1. security software
2. disk management utilities
3. backup utilities
4. screensaver
5. archival software
6. programming environment support
programs
19. includes primarily anti-virus, firewall,
encryption programs
Security Software
20. guard against malicious programs that is
commonly acquired through e-mail or
downloads
anti-virus utilities
21. type of security program that makes it
much harder for unauthorized persons
or systems to enter the computer.
Firewalls
22. encodes data so that it will not be read
until its decoded
Encryption Software
23. designed to help user keep hard disk
space clean and efficient
disk management utilities
24. serve to help users’ backup their data
Backup Utilities
25. computer programs that either blank the
monitor or fill it with constantly moving
images when user is away from the
computer
screensavers
26. the reason why screensavers were made
Cathode ray tube and plasma screens
27. two well-known archival utilities
1. WinZip
2. WinRar
28. used by program developers to support
their program developers to support
 their programing work or to run their
programs.
programming environment support
programs
29. refers to a set of very specific rules about
words, word usage and word order of a
computer language.
Syntax
30. includes programs people use to do
work, process data, play games,
communicate with others and watch
videos and multimedia programs on
computer
applications software
31. most common package sold with
computers
standard office package
32. standard office package includes
1. word processing program
2. spreadsheet programs
3. presentation graphics program
33. two most commonly used programs
1. e-mail system
2. word processor
34. A license that allows a company to install
multiple copies of software, or to allow
multiple employees to execute the
software from a file server.
site license
35. multipurpose program designed to
support many applications in hospitals
and their associated clinics.
Hospital Information System (HIS)
36. a BI application that provides rapid
access to timely information and direct
access to management reports: an
application that provides a sort of menu
of options which the nurse can choose
dashboard
37. systems consisting of multiple
interconnected computers that function
to facilitate the work of groups of
providers
network
38. a system of networks in which any
computer can communicate with any
other computer
Internet
39. types of computer networks
1. local area network
2. wide area network
3. metropolitan area network
40. is the scientific study of systems,
including the parts of the systems and
the ways the parts interact: the use of
systems in computer technology is based
on
System Theory
41. Freedom to run the program for any
purpose
Free Software
42. The two major philosophies in the
OSS/FS world.
1. Free Software Foundation (FSF)
philosophy
2. Open Source Initiative (OSI)
philosophy
43. Existence of the term "free software"
1980s
44. Existence of the term "open-source
software"
1990s
45. The key commonality between FSF and
OSI philosophies.
The source code is made available to
the users by the programmer.
46. This is where FSF and OSI differ
The restriction placed on redistributed
source code.
47. An individual or company holds the
exclusive copyright, at the same time
restricting other people's access to the
software's source code and/or the right
to copy, modify, and study the software.
Proprietary Software
48. A software developed by businesses or
individuals with the aim of making
money from its licensing and use
Commercial Software
49. Any software that satisfies the Open
Software Initiative (OSI)
 Open Source Software
50. Built by small groups of skilled workers &
craftsmen. Built in single effort with little
subsequent modification. Software must
run through a process first before
release.
Cathedral Method
51. Modify program based on feedback.
Released early. Have been proven over
time to have several advantages.
Bazaar Method
52. Issues in OSS/FS
1. Licensing
2. Copyright and intellectual property
3. Total cost of ownership (TCO)
4. Support and migration
5. Business models
6. Security and stability
53. It is the sum of all the expenses directly
related to the ownership and use of
product over a given period of time.
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
54. It is giving the user of something
permission to use it.
Licensing
56. Legal right to publish, reproduce, and/or 4. enhanced security,
sell a work. 5. increased likelihood of source code
Copyright availability in the event of the
demise of the vendor or company,
57. Common OSS/FS Licenses 6. easier to adapt for use by
1. GNU GPL healthcare students, and
2. GNU LGPL 7. flexibility of source code to adapt to
3. Modified BSD License research efforts.
4. Public Domain
63. It is a high-level programming language
58. OSS/FS Healthcare Applications that is frequently used for creating
1. Operating Systems common gateway interface programs. It
2. Web Browser was designed for processing text and
3. E-mail Client derives from the C programming
4. Word Processing/Integrated Office language and many other tools and
Suite languages.
5. Presentation Tools Practical Extraction and Reporting
Language
59. Covers a distribution of operating (Perl)
systems and other associated software 64. Which of the following is/are TRUE
components. regarding Open Source Software?
GNU/Linux (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
• Open source does not just mean
60. He created Linux. access to the source code.
Linus Torvalds • Open source concepts promote
software reliability and quality
61. The top web server in 1996. It receives by supporting independent
and fulfills requests from web browsers. peer review and rapid evolution
Apache of source code.

55. Most common type of software
licensing. This license may have specific
restrictions related to the use,
modification, or duplication of the
software.
End-user Licensing Agreement (EULA)
62. Advantages of OSS (Bowen et. al, 2009)
1. ease of modification and or
customization,
2. large developer community and its
benefits,
3. increased compliance with open
standards,
65. It moves data around on the disk so that
small empty spaces are eliminated, and
data and programs are relocated to
better use the available space.
Defragmenter
66. This EU project sought to offer a
comprehensive collection, or suite, of
selected medical software decision tools,
ranging from clinical calculators up to
advanced.
Smartie
67. Common types of computer networks
are the following: (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• Local area
• Metropolitan Area
• Wide area
• point-to-point
68. 7.This is from Minoru Development and
was designed to help regional healthcare
providers to develop and implement the
next generation of secure, user-friendly
regional healthcare networks to support
new ways of providing health and social
care.
PICNIC
69. In an open source software:
A. The rights attached to the program
must depend on the program's being
part of a particular software distribution.
B. The license must place restrictions on
other software that is distributed along
with the licensed software.
Both statements A and B are incorrect.
70. A. Computers can read or understand
English and other human language.
B. Programming environment support
programs are used by program
developers to support their
programming work or to run their
programs.
Only statement B is correct.
71. A. Freeware is software offered free of
charge and with the freedom to modify
the source code and redistribute the
changes, so it is free software.
B. Shareware is a form of commercial
software, which is offered on a "try
before you buy" basis.
Only statement B is correct
72. The following is/are advantage/s of open
source software when compared with
proprietary software: (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• large developer community and
its benefits
• enhanced security
• flexibility of source code to
adapt to research efforts
73. A. The compression in archival software
can reduce the size of a large file such
that it can be made small enough to
email to another person or location.
B. For Windows, programs such as MS
Word and PDF are well-known archival
utilities.
Only statement A is correct.
74. Which of the following is/are TRUE about
ownership rights of software package?
(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
• Fair use allows the purchaser to
install the software on all the
machines he personally owns
and for the purchaser’s
personal use only.
• Only the original purchaser of
the software package is legally
empowered to install the
program on his computer.
• Individually purchased software
is licensed to one and only
computer.
75. It enables individuals to own and
manage a complete, secure, digital copy
of their health and wellness information.
personally controlled health record
76. A. OSS/FS costs less to initially acquire
because there are no license fees.
B. OSS/FS can often use older hardware
more efficiently, yielding smaller
hardware costs and sometimes
eliminating the need for new hardware.
Both statements A and B are correct
77. These are the software nurses use most:
(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
• supplies inventory systems
• medication administration
• admission-discharge
• electronic medical record
78. This works by stating that the software is
copyrighted and then adding distribution
terms. Additionally, this gives everyone
the rights to use, modify, and
redistribute the program's code or any
program derived from it but only if the
distribution terms are unchanged.
 Copyleft
79. These are computer programs that
either blank the monitor screen or fill it
with constantly moving images when the
user is away from the computer but does
not turn it completely off.
Screensavers
80. Programs must change the language in
which developers write programs into a
machine language the computer can
understand. The program that performs
this translation is called:
Compiler
81. Web-based, fully comprehensive
CHAPTER 3
medical suite offering a wide range of
tools to practices of all sizes.
ClearHealth
82. An original personal health platform
enabling an individual to own and
manage a complete, secure, digital copy
of her health and wellness information.
Indivo
83. Allows healthcare clients to make their
own customizations, and these apps can
then be licensed to run across the
installed base
SMART Platform Project
84. Builds free, liberated open source EMR
software in multiple languages to assist
and improve longitudinal care.
GNUMed
85. A community-developed, open source
enterprise EMR system platform that
addresses AIDS, tuberculosis, and
malaria,
OpenMRS
86. An international, not-for-profit
organization working toward the
development of interoperable, lifelong
EHRs.
OpenEHR
87. Develops a range of electronic personal
and clinician health record applications,
Tolven
1. These are the types of CPOE: (SELECT ALL
THAT APPLY)
Tertiary Intermediate
Primary Advance
Expert Secondary
Basic
2. These are used inside a physician's office
for the patient's history, physical,
medication, allergies, office notes, and
consulting physician notes.
electronic medical record
3. The aim of _________________ is to
promote the adoption and meaningful
use of health information technology.
Included are financial incentives to
physicians of a handwritten physician
note by a department secretary, nurse,
or pharmacist and offered limited rules
checking or clinical decision support
capacity.
Health Information Technology for
Economic and Clinical Health Act of
2009
4. A. EMRs and EHRs contain real-time
information that have accelerated the
decision-making process and allow
access to information in a timely manner.
B. The goals of EMRs and EHRs include
reducing errors and harm, cutting costs,
improving the decision-making process,
and making access to patient
information by providers and quality
personnel easier.
Both statements A and B are correct.
5. A. CPOE can be done through a
computer or handheld device depending
on the healthcare organization's
available technology.
B. In 2017, the federal government
enacted a mandate requiring all
Medicare and Medicaid providers to
establish a meaningful use of electronic
health records
Only statement A is correct.
6. These have more information and allow
access by multiple providers caring for
the patient, such as nurses, physicians,
and dieticians, and they can include
many different types of records, from
labs to x-rays, etc.
electronic health records
7. He proposed the three types of CPOE:
Dr. Michael Mccoy
8. This type of CPOE includes additional
relevant results display at the time of
ordering and the ability for providers to
save their order preferences.
Intermediate
9. This type of CPOE incorporates order
entry with simple decision support
features such as allergy or drug-drug
interaction checking.
Basic
10. A. The Department of Physicians and
Nursing Services has published two sets
of criteria and objectives for the
meaningful use of HER technology.
B. The first set of criteria and objectives
was published in July 2010, the second in
September 2012.
Only statement B is correct.
11. EMRs allow doctors, nurses, and other
members of the care team to quickly
share large amounts of data, interpret
test results, and even help caregivers
make decisions with the use of
engagements.
False
12. The implementation of CPOE requires a
project plan, with appropriate time to
complete workflow analysis, build,
testing, and training.
True
13. Patients benefit from EMR because of
their ability to improve access to
personal health records remotely.
True
14. Cited executive leadership, physician
involvement, a multi-disciplinary
approach to implementation, good EHR
system response time, and flexible
training strategies as the keys to
successful CPOE implementation.
A primer on physician order entry
15. EMRs allow doctors, nurses, and other
members of the care team to quickly
share large amounts of data, interpret
test results, and even help caregivers
make decisions with the use of
engagements.
False
16. These are the main drivers that influence
a provider’s decision on electronic health
records EXCEPT
Patient affirmation
17. This type of CPOE Represents advanced
clinical order management, and it has
more sophisticated decision support in
the form of “guided ordering” or
“mentored ordering”
Advanced
18. The potential of EMR to boost patient's
engagement or active interest in their
health may increase through the
following abilities: (SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY)
• Convenient access to care
coordination
• Awareness of health status
• Communication with providers
• Ordering medical supplies
• Making appointments
(ALL)
19. Is the process in which a physician or
other prescribing provider inputs an
order for a medication or treatment
directly into a computerized system.
computerized provider order entry
20. The nurse understands that
computerized provider order entry
(CPOE) is beneficial for what reason?
a. CPOE decreases the number of
transcribing errors.
b. CPOE enhances provider acceptance
because of new technology.
c. CPOE decreases workflow issues in
general.
d. CPOE reduces dependence on
technology and computers.
21. The focus of nursing informatics is:
a. direct patient care.
b. increasing documentation time.
c. the introduction of different EHRs.
d. how patient care can be improved.
 22. The When using electronic medical
records (EMR), the nurse knows that the
EMR:
a. holds the documentation of a single
episode of care.
b. is a longitudinal record of care for each
patient.
c. is widely used for individual health
care encounters.
d. includes progress notes for all
disciplines.
CHAPTER 4
1. Meaningful Use is a three-phased
approach building upon each other
TRUE
2. Generally, refers to the integration of
medical devices with hospital
information systems (HIS) to facilitate
functions
Medical device connectivity
3. Describes the extent to which systems
and devices can exchange data, and
interpret that shared data
Interoperability
4. For two systems to be interoperable,
they must be able to:
1. Exchange data
2. Subsequently present that data
such that it can be understood by a
user
5. Standard language or communication
structure most common in healthcare
HL7 or Health Level Seven
6. Enables integration of data between two
or more programs, devices, or
information systems and facilitates
communication and data sharing
Middleware
7. The following are under middleware:
1. Integration engines
2. Gateways
3. Medical device data systems
4. Class II medical devices
8. Use HL7 to characterize their ability to
manage all interfaces. Aggregate and
share data regardless of the transmission
protocol. Responsible for message
routing and translation.
Integration engine
9. Data can also be transferred through a
device called _____. Usually transferred
through a central server that
consolidates and collates data and then
forwards the information to the
aggregator or HER
Gateway
10. Hardware or software products that
transfer, store, convert formats, and
display medical device data
Medical Device Data System (MDDS)
11. MDDS is intended to be used for active
patient monitoring.
FALSE - Not intended
12. MDDS is required as not all medical
devices use or know how to speak native
HL7.
TRUE
13. Available via the EHR vendor, medical
device vendors, and third-party vendors
Medical device connectivity solutions
(MDCS)
14. Solutions that collect, process, and
distribute medical device data for
surveillance, alarms, analytics, and
decision support as regulated by the FDA
Class II medical device
15. Class II medical device used for active
monitoring is utilized in the
aforementioned ICU scenario as the
software that allows the remote
clinicians to:
1. Review real-time vital signs
2. Track and review trends, and
3. Recognize changes
16. The bedside medical device and how
data are transmitted from the medical
device
Point of Care (POC)
17. Examples of common episodic devices:
1. Portable vital sign monitors
2. Glucose meters
3. Pulse oximetry
 4. ECG machines
18. Commonly stationed in a patient room to
treat a single patient over a continuous
time span. Divided into stand-alone or
net-worked devices. Generally
hardwired and connected to a vendor
specific central server negating the need
for a POC component/solution
ex: Bedside physiologic monitor
Continuous Networked Devices
19. Used to continuously monitor a single
patient over a period of time. The device
is portable and not hardwired or
networked to a vendor specific server.
ex: ventilator and infusion pump
Continuous Stand-Alone Devices
20. The linking of the medical device data
with the right patient is referred to as
Patient association
21. PPID
Positive Patient Identification
22. PPA
Positive Patient Association
23. There are historically two approached to
patient association:
patient centric & location centric
24. Involves associating a medical device
with a patient based on a unique patient
ID number, often the patient's unique
medical record number
Patient centric identification
25. The patient is typically identified by a
location such as a room or bed. This type
of association can be unreliable and
thereby unsafe especially when a patient
is moved often such as in an emergency
department or surgical area
Location centric
26. When did the Joint Commission add
criteria to the NSPG.01.01.01
"Identifying Patients Correctly" goal that
states, "The patient's room number or
physical location is not used as an
identifier."
2009
27. Refers to a wireless system compromised
of two components: tags and readers
RFID (radio frequency identification)
28. A device that has one or more antennas
that emit radio waved and receive
signals back from the RFID tag
Reader
29. Use radio waves to communicate their
identity and other information to nearby
readers, can be passive or active
Tags
30. Powered by the reader and do not have
a battery
Passive RFID
31. Powered by batteries
Active RFID
32. RFID technologies include the following
applications:
• Inventory control or Equipment
tracking
• Out-of-bed detection and fall
detection
• Personnel tracking
• Ensuring patient receive the
correct medications and
medical devices
• Preventing the distribution of
counterfeit drugs and medical
devices
• Monitoring patients
• Providing data for electronic
medical records systems
33. The process of manual verification of
data and recording them into the
medical record is known as
Data Validation
34. Use drug libraries which allow infusion
pumps to perform functions that assist
with programming and calculating dose
and rate delivery as adapted by a
healthcare institution and to patient care
areas
Smart Pumps
35. The first to pilot smart rooms in a
medical surgical unit in June 2011
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
(UPMC)
36. Intended to alert a caregiver when an 44. The first blood glucose meter was
immediate or potentially adverse event invented in _____ but had a lead-acid
occurs or could occur battery
Alarms 1971

37. AAMI 45. A prototype for the next generation

Advancing Safety in Medical Technology
38. CIMIT
Center for Integration of Medicine and
Innovative Technology
39. IEC 80001
Application of Risk Management for IT-
Networks Incorporating Medical
Devices
hospital room
Patient room 2020
46. Were developed to oversee the vital
signs of the astronauts. By the 1970's
these monitors found their way into the
hospital setting.
Physiological monitors

40. IHE
Integrating the Healthcare Environment

41. ISO/IEEE 10073

Medical Informatics - Medical Device
Information

42. MD PnP
Medical Device Plug N Play

43. Common Point of Care Technology

(POCT) devices:
• Blood Glucose Monitors
• Urine Dipsticks
• Pregnancy tests
• Rapid Strep tests
• Rapid HIV tests
• Hemoglobin level tests
• Hemoglobin A1c
• Rapid or PCR Covid-19 tests