DESIGN OF POWER SCREW Flank – the surface connecting the crest

and roots of a screw thread

POWER SCREW/TRANSLATION SCREW - used to
move machine parts against resisting
forces. The usual source of power is a TYPES
rotating shaft or a crank. Common - Power screws are classified by the
applications are machine slides (such as in geometry of their thread.
machine tools), vises, presses, and jacks.
1. SQUARE THREAD - Square threads are named
* ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES after their square geometry. They are the
most efficient, having the least friction,
ADVANTAGES OF POWER SCREW so they are often used for screws that
1. Large load carrying capability carry high power. But they are also the
2. Compact most difficult to machine, and are thus the
3. Simple to design most expensive.
4. Easy to manufacture; no specialized
machinery is required
5. Large mechanical advantage
6. Precise and accurate linear motion
7. Smooth, quiet, and low maintenance
8. Minimal number of parts
9. Most are self-locking

DISADVANTAGES OF POWER SCREW

- are that most are not very efficient. Due
to the low efficiency they cannot be used
in continuous power transmission
applications. They also have a high degree
for friction on the threads, which can wear
the threads out quickly.

TYPICAL FIELDS OF APPLICATIONS

1. Raising loads ( screw jack)
2. Loading specimens in testing machine
3. Obtaining required motions in machining
and press working
4. Precise indexing motions
5. Providing motions of operating members
of robots

TERMINOLOGIES  2. ACME THREAD

-Major diameter, Do  - Acme threads have a 29° thread angle,
-Root diameter, Minor diameter, Di  which is easier to machine than square
-Mean diameter, Dp  threads. They are not as efficient as
-Collar diameter, Dc  square threads, due to the increased
-Pitch, P – distance from a point on the friction induced by the thread angle.
screw thread to a corresponding point on - this thread is in the form of V or
the next thread measured along the axis - angular thread.
Pitch angle, p 
-Lead, L – distance that a thread advances
in one turn or the distance the nut moves
along the axis in one turn  --Lead angle,
l – the angle made by the helix of the
thread(in a straight thread at the pitch
diameter with a plane perpendicular to the
axis. 
-Pressure angle, F - the angle at a pitch
point between the line of pressure (which
is normal to the thread surface) and the
plane tangent to the pitch surface. 
Thread friction angle, b – the angle
included between the sides of the thread
measured in an axial plane in a screw
thread. 
Root – bottom surface joining two sides of
a screw thread 
Crest – top surface joining two sides of a 3. BUTTRESS THREAD
screw thread 
- Buttress threads are of a triangular
shape. These are used where the load force
on the screw is only applied in one
direction. Combination of higher efficiency
of square thread and the ease of cutting of
the Acme thread.
- also known as the breech-lock thread
form, refers to two different thread
profiles. One is a type of leadscrew and
the other is a type of hydraulic sealing
thread form. The leadscrew type is often
used in machinery and the sealing type is
often used in oil fields.
which have slow motion, the coefficient of
friction maybe taken as 0.15.
4. The coefficient of friction for starting
conditions maybe taken as 1 1/3 times the
value for the running conditions.
5. The coefficient of collar friction maybe
taken as the same as the thread friction.
DESIGN OF SCREWS

FORMULA

COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION FOR TRANSLATION

SCREWS
1. For high-grade materials and workmanship
and for well-in and lubricated threads, the
coefficient of friction maybe taken as
0.10.
2. For average quality material,
workmanship and conditions of operations,
the coefficient of friction maybe taken as
0.125.
3. For poor-quality material and
workmanship and for newly machined surfaces
which are indifferently lubricated and
SAMPLE PROBLEM:

1. What is the frictional hp acting on a

collar loaded with 100 kg weight? The
collar has an outside diameter of 100mm and
an internal diameter of 40mm. The collar
rotates at 1,000 rpm and the coefficient of
friction between the collar and the pivot
surface is 0.15.
3. Determine the load applied in (KN), to a
power screw if it has an efficiency of
14.24%, lead of 0.01m and total torque of
50 KN.m. Assuming coefficient of friction
is negligible.

2. A 4,000 lb is to be lowered by a double

threaded-power screw with 2 inch pitch. The
coefficient of friction for the threads is
0.1. What torque in (in-lb) must the screw
transmit if mean diameter of screw is 2.25
inch