Service Manual

3.34 ANSI 95 i Inrush blocking relay

When the SYMAP® is installed to protect a power transformer, large magnetizing inrush currents
will flow when the transformer is energized. These inrush currents may be several times the
nominal transformer current and depending on the transformer size and design, may last from
several milliseconds to several seconds.
Although pickup of the relay elements is based only on the fundamental harmonic component of the
measured currents, false device pickup due to inrush is still a potential problem since, depending on
the transformer size and design, the fundamental harmonic comprises a large component of the
inrush current.

The SYMAP® features an integrated inrush restraint function that may be utilized when the device
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directional overcurrent relay elements with the exception of the ANSI 67 and ANSI 67GS/GD relay
elements. For example, when a transformer is energized the current levels may exceed the normal
pickup of the overcurrent elements set in the device. If inrush conditions are identified (the 2nd
harmonic content of current exceeds the value of setting at parameter [2302]) special inrush
messages are created within the device that will block tripping of the overcurrent elements.

Note that only the tripping elements are affected by harmonic inrush detection, the pickup values
and corresponding timers continue to operate normally. Inrush current contains a relatively large
second harmonic component which is nearly absent during a short-circuit fault. Inrush current
detection, therefore, is based on the evaluation of the second harmonic component present during
inrush conditions. For frequency analysis, digital filters are used to conduct a Fourier analysis of all
three phase currents and the ground current. As soon as the second harmonic component of the
current flowing in a specific phase or ground relay element exceeds a set value, tripping is blocked
for that element (does not apply ANSI 67, and ANSI 67GS/GD elements). Since quantitative
analysis of the harmonic components of the current flowing through a specific relay element cannot
be completed until a full cycle of inrush current has been measured, inrush restraint blocking and
the associated inrush detection message is automatically delayed by one cycle. However, it is
important to note that the tripping time delays associated with the relay elements are started
immediately after pickup of the relay element, even if the inrush conditions are detected. If inrush
blocking drops out during the time delay tripping will occur when the time delay of the element
elapses. If inrush blocking drops out after the time delay has elapsed tripping will occur
immediately. Therefore, utilization of the inrush restraint feature will not result in any additional
tripping delays. If a relay element drops out during inrush blocking the associated time delay will
reset.

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Service Manual

ANSI 94i Inrush blocking relay Setting range:

2300. Inrush blocking relay : OFF ON/OFF
2301. limit of DC-portion : 10,0 % 1,0-99,9 %
2302. 2. harmonic content : 20 % 1-99 %
2303. Te extension time : 100 ms 30-9999 ms
2304. Tmax blocking time : 0,20 sec 0,03-99,99 sec
2305. Tmax blocking inrush : 1600 % 1-2999 %

BACK EXIT

Figure 3-92 ANSI 95 i

Parameter description:

2300. Inrush blocking relay :

2301. - limit of DC-portion :

Limit setting of DC-portion of the measured current value

2302. - 2. harmonic content :

Limit setting of 2nd. harmonic content of the measured current value

2303. - Te extension time :

Measuring interval for inrush check

2304. - Tmax blocking time :

Maximum inrush blocking time

2305. - Imax blocking inrush :

If the measured current exceeds this limit the inrush blocking function will be switched off.

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