Introduction Welcome to our English learning journey! Today, we're going to learn about the English alphabet and the sounds each letter makes. The English alphabet has 26 letters. Each letter has its own sound, and some letters have more than one sound. Let's start with the basics! The Alphabet First, let's look at all the letters in the English alphabet. There are 26 letters divided into vowels and consonants. Vowels: A, E, I, 0, U (and sometimes Y) Consonants: All the other letters that are not vowels. A fun fact: Vowels are the letters that make a clear sound without closing any part of your mouth or throat. Consonants need your lips, teeth, or tongue to make sounds. Learning the Sounds Now, let's learn the h We will starA fun fact: Vowels are the letters that make a clear sound without closing any part of your mouth or throat. Consonants need your lips, teeth, or tongue to make sounds. Learning the Sounds Now, let's learn the sounds each letter makes. We will start with the vowels because they are very important and used a lot in English. A sounds like 'a" in "apple" or "cat". E sounds like "e" in "elephant" or "bed". I sounds like "i" in "igloo" or "fish". 0 sounds like 'o" in "octopus" or "dog". U sounds like "u" in "umbrella" or "duck". Consonant Example: B sounds like "b" in "bat" or ‘ball". C sounds like 'c" in "cat" (like ‘k’) or "circle" (like 's’). D sounds like "d" in "dog" or "door".Introduction Welcome to our next lesson! Today, we'll learn some basic English vocabulary. These are words that you'll use often in everyday conversations. We'll focus on simple categories like colors, numbers, family members, and objects around us. Vocabulary Categories Colors Red (like an apple) Blue (like the sky) Yellow (like the sun) Green (like grass) Numbers (1-10) One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten Family Members Mother (Mom)Family Members Mother (Mom) Father (Dad) Brother Sister Daily Objects Chair (something you sit on) Table (something you eat on) Bed (something you sleep on) Book (something you read) Examples in Sentences "The apple is red." "| have two apples." "My mother is cooking dinner." "Lread a book before bed."Introduction Welcome! Today, we're going to learn how to make simple sentences in English. A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. It usually has a subject (who or what the sentence is about) and a verb (what the subject is doing). Let's start with some basics! Structure of Simple Sentences The most basic sentence structure in English is Subject + Verb + Object. Here's what that means: Subject: The person, place, thing, or idea that is doing something or being described. Verb: The action word in the sentence. Object: What receives the action (not all sentences have an object). Examples The cat (subject) sleeps (verb).Structure of Simple Sentences The most basic sentence structure in English is Subject + Verb + Object. Here's what that means: Subject: The person, place, thing, or idea that is doing something or being described. Verb: The action word in the sentence. Object: What receives the action (not all sentences have an object). Examples The cat (subject) sleeps (verb). | (subject) eat (verb) an apple (object). Making Simple Sentences To make a sentence, start by thinking about what or who you want to talk about (subject) and what they are doing (verb). If there is something or someone the action is being done to, that's your object.———————— Introduction Welcome, young learners! Today, we're going on an adventure to discover a magical part of English called "nouns." Nouns are the names we give to people, places, things, and even ideas or feelings. They help us talk about the world around us. Ready to become a noun detective? Let's dive in! What is a Noun? A noun is a special kind of word. It can be: A Person: like "teacher," "friend," or "doctor." A Place: like "school,’ "park," or "ocean." A Thing: like "ball," "book,' or "chair." An Idea or Feeling: like "love," "happiness,’ or "bravery." Examples of Nouns Person: Mom, dad, sister, brotherA Place: like "school," "park," or "ocean." A Thing: like "ball," "book,' or "chair." An Idea or Feeling: like "love," "happiness," or "bravery." Examples of Nouns Person: Mom, dad, sister, brother Place: Home, playground, museum Thing: Pencil, dog, apple Idea/Feeling: Joy, peace, freedom Using Nouns in Simple Sentences Now, let's put those nouns into sentences. Remember, a noun can be the subject (who or what the sentence is about) or the object (what the subject is doing something to). The cat (subject) purrs (verb). | love pizza (object).Introduction Hello, amazing learners! Today, we're going to explore another exciting part of English: Verbs. Verbs are action words that tell us what someone or something is doing. They're like the superheroes of our sentences, bringing them to life with action! Let's jump in and learn all about verbs. What is a Verb? A verb is a word that shows an action, occurrence, or state of being. Imagine anything you can do, like jump, eat, or think - those are all verbs! Types of Verbs Action Verbs: These verbs show what the subject is doing. Run, sing, dance, eat State of Being Verbs: These verbs tell us about a condition or state. Am, is, are (These are forms of the verb "toAction Verbs: These verbs show what the subject is doing. Run, sing, dance, eat State of Being Verbs: These verbs tell us about a condition or state. Am, is, are (These are forms of the verb "to be.") Examples of Verbs Jump: The frog jumps over the log. Eat: | eat an apple for lunch. Is (State of Being): She is happy. Using Verbs in Sentences Remember, every sentence needs a verb to tell us what's happening. Let's put our verbs into action: The cat purrs softly. We are friends.Introduction Hey, wonderful learners! Today, we're diving into the colorful world of Adjectives. Adjectives are like the paintbrushes of language; they help us describe things and make our sentences vibrant and interesting. Let's discover how adjectives can spice up our sentences! What is an Adjective? An adjective is a word that describes or gives more information about a noun (a person, place, thing, or idea). It can tell us what something looks like, feels like, sounds like, and much more. Types of Adjectives Color: red, blue, yellow Size: big, small, tall Shape: round, square, triangular Feeling: happy, sad, angryColor: red, blue, yellow Size: big, small, tall Shape: round, square, triangular Feeling: happy, sad, angry Quantity: three, few, many Examples of Adjectives A big, yellow sun. A happy dog. Three cookies. Using Adjectives in Sentences Adjectives can be placed before the noun they describe or after a verb like "is" or "seems" to give more information about the noun. The fluffy cat sleeps. The cake is delicious.Introduction Hello, super learners! Today we're going on an adventure into the world of Adverbs. Adverbs are like the secret sauce that adds flavor to our sentences. They help us describe how something is done, when it's done, or where it's done. Let's find out how adverbs can make our sentences even cooler! What is an Adverb? An adverb is a word that modifies (changes or adds to) the meaning of a verb (an action word), an adjective (a describing word), or even another adverb. It can tell us how, when, where, and to what extent something happens. Types of Adverbs Manner: Describes how something is done (e.g., quickly, slowly, carefully) Time: Tells us when something is done (e.g., now, later, yesterday) Place: Tells us where something is done bres Tr eanTime: Tells us when something is done (e.g., now, later, yesterday) Place: Tells us where something is done (e.g., here, there, everywhere) Frequency: Tells us how often something happens (e.g., always, sometimes, never) Examples of Adverbs The turtle moves slowly. (Manner) She will visit tomorrow. (Time) The dog is hiding underneath the table. (Place) He often reads before bed. (Frequency) Using Adverbs in Sentences Adverbs can be placed in different parts of the sentence, but they're often found near the verb they're describing. He quickly ran to the school. She sings beautifully.Introduction Hello, bright learners! Today, we're going to explore a very special part of English called Pronouns. Pronouns are like handy shortcuts we use instead of repeating nouns over and over again. Imagine if you had to use your name every time you talked about yourself. It would sound funny, right? That's where pronouns come in. Let's dive in! What is a Pronoun? A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun (a person, place, thing, or idea). It can refer to someone or something that's already been mentioned or is about to be mentioned. Types of Pronouns Personal Pronouns: Refer to specific people or things. They can be subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) or objects (me, you, him, her, it, us, them). Possessive Pronouns: Show ownership or belonging (my, your, his, her, its, our, their).belonging (my, your, his, her, its, our, their). Reflexive Pronouns: Refer back to the subject of the sentence (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves). Examples of Pronouns Personal Pronouns: | am happy. She likes apples. They went to the park. Possessive Pronouns: My dog is cute. Her cat is sleepy. Their house is big. Reflexive Pronouns: | made myself a sandwich. He found himself lost. She did it all by herself. Using Pronouns in Sentences Pronouns help make our sentences smoother and easier to say. Instead of "Maria and Maria's brother play,’ we say "She and her brother play." Instead of "The cat chased the cat's tail,’ 4 "It chased its tail.”Introduction Hello, awesome learners! Today, we're going on a journey into the world of Prepositions. Prepositions are like little guides that help us understand where things are or when something happens. They link nouns or pronouns to other words in a sentence. Imagine playing a game of hide and seek - prepositions tell you where to look! Let's start our adventure. What is a Preposition? A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other elements in a sentence, often indicating location, direction, time, or method. Types of Prepositions Prepositions of Place: Tell us where something is (on, in, under, between, next to). Prepositions of Time: Tell us when something happens (at, on, in, before,Prepositions of Place: Tell us where something is (on, in, under, between, next to). Prepositions of Time: Tell us when something happens (at, on, in, before, after). Prepositions of Direction: Tell us where something is going (to, into, towards, up, down). Examples of Prepositions Place: The cat is on the chair. Time: We have class in the morning. Direction: She walked to the park. Using Prepositions in Sentences Prepositions help us give more details in our sentences. They can make our stories and descriptions much more interesting. The bird flew over the house. | will meet you at the entrance after school.Hi there, superstars! Today, we're diving into the world of Conjunctions. Think of conjunctions as the connectors of the language world. They help us link words, phrases, or whole sentences together. It's like building a bridge that allows us to walk from one idea to another without getting our feet wet! Let's connect our way through this lesson. What is a Conjunction? A conjunction is a word that joins parts of a sentence together. They can link words, phrases, or even entire sentences to make our ideas flow better. Types of Conjunctions Coordinating Conjunctions: These join words or phrases that are similar. Remember FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). Subordinating Conjunctions: These join a dependent clause to an independent clause to show a relationship like time orSubordinating Conjunctions: These join a dependent clause to an independent clause to show a relationship like time or reason (because, since, after, although). Correlative Conjunctions: These work in pairs to join equal parts of a sentence (either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also). Examples of Conjunctions Coordinating: | like apples and oranges. Subordinating: /’ll go outside after it stops raining. Correlative: Either you can have cake or ice cream. Using Conjunctions in Sentences Conjunctions help make our sentences richer and more complex. They let us add more information without making our sentences too choppy. | was hungry, so | ate a sandwich. You can stay here or come with us.Introduction Hey there, brilliant minds! Today, we're going to explore the most expressive part of English: Interjections. Imagine you're reading a comic book, and you see words like "Wow!" or "Oops!" popping out in big, colorful letters. Those words are interjections, and they help us express strong feelings or reactions quickly and powerfully. Let's jump into the exciting world of interjections! What is an Interjection? An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or feeling and is often followed by an exclamation point. It can show happiness, surprise, anger, or any other emotion, and it usually stands alone, outside the main structure of a sentence. Examples of Interjections Happiness: Yay!, Woohoo! Surprise: Wow!, Oh! Disappointment: Oh no!, Oops!What is an Interjection? An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses emotion or feeling and is often followed by an exclamation point. It can show happiness, surprise, anger, or any other emotion, and it usually stands alone, outside the main structure of a sentence. Examples of Interjections Happiness: Yay!, Woohoo! Surprise: Wow!, Oh! Disappointment: Oh no!, Oops! Agreement: Yes!, Exactly! Using Interjections in Sentences Even though interjections can stand alone, they often appear in sentences to express a quick reaction or emotion about what's being said. Wow, that’s a huge pizza! Oops, | dropped my ice cream.ntroduction Hello, young learners! Today, we're going to talk about something really cool in English: Singular and Plural Nouns. Nouns can tell us about one thing (singular) or more than one thing (plural). It's like having one cookie or a whole bunch of cookies! Let's learn how to talk about both. What are Singular and Plural Nouns? Singular nouns refer to just one person, place, thing, or idea. For example, "dog," "school," and "box." Plural nouns refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea. For example, "dogs," "schools,' and "boxes." Making Plural Nouns Most of the time, we make a noun plural by adding -s or -es to the end of the singular noun. -s: dog > dogs -es: for nouns that end in s, ss, sh, ch, x, orMaking Plural Nouns Most of the time, we make a noun plural by adding -s or -es to the end of the singular noun. -s: dog > dogs -es: for nouns that end in s, ss, sh, ch, x, or z, we add -es. Like "bus" becomes "buses" and "box" becomes "boxes." Special Rules for Plural Nouns For nouns ending in -y after a consonant, change the "y" to "i" and add -es. Like "puppy" becomes "puppies." Some nouns change completely when they become plural. Like "child" becomes "children" and "mouse" becomes "mice." Using Singular and Plural Nouns in Sentences Singular: The cat is sleeping. Plural: The cats are playing.Introduction Hello, young explorers! Today, we're going to discover a small but mighty part of English called Articles. Articles are like little signs that help us understand if we're talking about something specific or something general. There are two types: definite (the) and indefinite (a, an). Let's dive in and learn how to use them! What are Articles? A and an are used when talking about something in general. Use "a" before words that start with a consonant sound, and "an" before words that start with a vowel sound (a, @, i, 0, U). The is used when talking about something specific that both the speaker and listener know about. Examples of Articles A dog (any dog, not specific) An apple (any apple, not specific)What are Articles? A and an are used when talking about something in general. Use "a" before words that start with a consonant sound, and "an" before words that start with a vowel sound (a, e, i, 0, u). The is used when talking about something specific that both the speaker and listener know about. Examples of Articles A dog (any dog, not specific) An apple (any apple, not specific) The sun (the specific sun we all know) Using Articles in Sentences | saw a bird in the sky. (It could be any bird.) She wants an orange from the basket. (Any orange will do.) The book you gave me is fantastic! (A specific book both people know about.)Hello, brilliant explorers! Today, we're setting sail on an adventure into the world of Simple Conjunctions. Imagine conjunctions as bridges or ropes that help tie our ideas, words, or sentences together. They're the teamwork words, making sure everything in our sentences can hold hands and stand strong together. Let's jump into the fun world of simple conjunctions! What are Simple Conjunctions? Simple conjunctions are basic words that connect clauses, phrases, or words in a sentence. They help us combine our ideas so we can tell more interesting and detailed stories. Some of the most common simple conjunctions are and, but, or, so, and because. Examples of Simple Conjunctions And: Adds information. "! like apples and oranges." But: Shows contrast. "/ like to swim but |common simple conjunctions are and, but, or, So, and because. Examples of Simple Conjunctions And: Adds information. "/ like apples and oranges." But: Shows contrast. "/ like to swim but | don't like cold water." Or: Offers a choice. "Do you want tea or coffee?” So: Indicates a result. "It was raining, so we stayed inside." Because: Explains a reason. "/'m happy because it's sunny." Using Simple Conjunctions in Sentences Conjunctions can make our sentences richer and help us share more about what we think or feel. "| was tired, so | went to bed early." "Do you like cats or dogs?"Introduction Hello, amazing learners! Today, we're going ona time-traveling adventure through the world of Tenses. Tenses help us tell stories about the past, share what's happening now, and dream about the future. Imagine tenses as different time machines that take our words on journeys to yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Let's buckle up and explore! What are Tenses? Tenses show when an action happens. In English, we have three main tenses: Past Tense: Talks about things that happened before now. Present Tense: Talks about things happening right now or general truths. Future Tense: Talks about things that will happen later. Examples of Tenses Past Tense: | played outside yesterday.Past Tense: Talks about things that happened before now. Present Tense: Talks about things happening right now or general truths. Future Tense: Talks about things that will happen later. Examples of Tenses Past Tense: | played outside yesterday. Present Tense: | play outside. Future Tense: / will play outside tomorrow. Using Tenses in Sentences Tenses help us share more about our world and experiences. Past: Yesterday, | found a lost kitten. Present: / find interesting things all the time. Future: Tomorrow, | will find a place for the kitten to stay.Introduction Hello, curious minds! Today, we're going to become question masters. Questions are like keys that unlock answers and help us learn about the world. By forming questions, we can discover new things, solve mysteries, and have fun conversations. Let's dive into the art of asking questions in English! What are Questions? Questions are sentences that ask for information. They often need an answer and can be about anything! To form a question in English, we usually use question words and change the order of the subject and the verb. Types of Questions Yes/No Questions: These expect a yes or no answer. We start with an auxiliary verb (is, are, can, do, etc.), followed by the subject, then the main verb. Example: /s the cat sleeping?OTC era) question words and change the order of the subject and the verb. Types of Questions Yes/No Questions: These expect a yes or no answer. We start with an auxiliary verb (is, are, can, do, etc.), followed by the subject, then the main verb. Example: /s the cat sleeping? WH- Questions: These provide more information and start with a question word (who, what, when, where, why, how). Example: What is your name? Using Question Formation in Sentences When we ask questions, we're like detectives looking for clues. Remember to Start with a question word or an auxiliary verb, and don't forget the question mark at the end! Are you going to the party? Where did you find your toy?< Basic Sentence Patterns Introduction Hello, young learners! Today, we're going to explore the building blocks of English sentences - Basic Sentence Patterns. Just like building a tower with blocks, we use these patterns to construct sentences. Knowing these patterns helps us create clear and correct sentences to share our thoughts and ideas. Let's start building! What are Sentence Patterns? Sentence patterns show us how to organize words in sentences. They help us understand where to put subjects, verbs, and objects. Let's look at some simple patterns that we use every day. Basic Sentence Patterns Subject + Verb (S+V): Tells what the subject does or is. Example: The dog barks. Subject + Verb + Object (S+V+0): Tells what the subject does and to whom or what. Example: She reads a book.what. Example: She reads a book. Subject + Verb + Complement (S+V+C): Describes the subject or gives more information. Example: The sky is blue. Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object (S+V+I0+DO): Tells to whom or for whom something is done. Example: / gave my friend a gift. Using Sentence Patterns in Sentences These patterns help us share stories, ask questions, and describe the world. S+V: Birds fly. S+V+0: | love chocolate. B+V+C: My room is clean. p+V+10+DO: She bought her brother a present. a ar°o Teele Alphabet and Phonics Basic Vocabulary Simple Sentences Parts of Speech Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbsa eels Adverbs Pronouns Prepositions Conjunctions Interjections Singular and Plural Nouns Articles Simple Conjunctions TensesLearn Grammar Conjunctions Interjections Singular and Plural Nouns Articles Simple Conjunctions Tenses Question Formation Basic Sentence Patterns