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PDF Lonely Planet Best of Germany Lonely Planet Ebook Full Chapter
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BEST OF GERMANY
TOP SIGHTS, AUTHENTIC EXPERIENCES
Contents
Berlin
Reichstag
Brandenburger Tor
The Berlin Wall
Museumsinsel
Schloss Charlottenburg
Holocaust Memorial
Berlin Nightlife
Sights
Activities
Tours
Shopping
Eating
Drinking & Nightlife
Entertainment
Where to Stay
Potsdam
Munich
Oktoberfest
Residenz
Sights
Activities
Tours
Shopping
Eating
Drinking & Nightlife
Entertainment
Where to Stay
Neuschwanstein
Schloss Neuschwanstein
Füssen
Heidelberg
The Altstadt
Schloss Heidelberg
Sights
Activities
Tours
Eating
Drinking & Nightlife
Entertainment
Dresden
Frauenkirche
Residenzschloss
Sights
Tours
Eating
Drinking & Nightlife
Nuremberg
Cologne
Kölner Dom
Sights
Activities
Tours
Eating
Drinking & Nightlife
Entertainment
Shopping
In Focus
Germany Today
History
Arts & Architecture
Germany Outdoors
The Germans
German Cuisine
Germany’s Beer & Wine
Survival Guide
Directory A–Z
Accessible Travel
Accommodation
Climate
Customs Regulations
Discount Cards
Electricity
Food
Health
Insurance
Internet Access
Legal Matters
LGBTIQ+ Travellers
Money
Opening Hours
Photography
Public Holidays
Safe Travel
Telephone
Time
Toilets
Tourist Information
Visas
Transport
Getting There & Away
Getting Around
Language
Behind the Scenes
Our Writers
Welcome to Germany
There’s something undeniably artistic in the way Germany’s
scenery unfolds – the corrugated, dune-fringed coasts of the north,
and the moody forests, romantic river valleys and vast vineyards of
the centre, all topped by the off -the-charts splendour of the Alps.
You’ll encounter history in towns where streets were laid well before
Columbus set sail, and in castles set high above rows of half-
timbered houses whose flower boxes billow with crimson
geraniums.
Germany’s great cities – Berlin, Munich and Cologne among them
– come in more flavours than a jar of jelly beans. Get ready to be
wowed by the full spectrum of cultural colour and flair, from high
art and opera to saucy cabaret and a nocturnal universe at the
cutting edge of cool.
Few countries have impacted the world as much as Germany: it
gave us the Hanseatic League, the Reformation and yes, Hitler and
the Holocaust, but also aspirin, the automobile, computer, sticky
tape, streetcars and LGBTIQ+ rights. It gave rise to the minds of
Einstein, Goethe and Marx, the energy of Luther and the artistry of
Beethoven and the Brothers Grimm. Reminders of this rich
heritage are everywhere.
Just as rich is the range of hearty cuisine, which you’ll soon
discover is much more than (but includes) sausages, pretzels, pork
knuckle and schnitzel. It’s all washed down with massive mugs of
cold, frothy beer, the latter being Germany’s sixth essential food
group. Beyond the clichés awaits a cornucopia of regional and
seasonal palate-teasers.
Willkommen in Deutschland!
Plan Your Trip
Germany’s Top 12
1 Berlin
The freedom to be yourself
Berlin is a city for ‘seekers’. If you’re a connoisseur of the cutting
edge, a purveyor of history or just love a good time, this gritty,
glamourous, world-class city will win your affections. Its inspiring
museums, including the Holocaust and Wall Memorials, tell a
complex, tragic tale. But Berlin’s focus is here and now – dining
runs the gamut, art is as open as your mind can handle and the
party doesn’t stop until Monday comes.
BERLIN SKYLINE | CANADASTOCK/SHUTTERSTOCK ©
HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL | EDDY GALEOTTI/SHUTTERSTOCK ©
GERMANY’S TOP 12 PLAN YOUR TRIP
2 Potsdam
Prussian palaces and pristine parks
Your camera will love Potsdam’s palaces, parks, architecture and
Cold War sites. Just across the Glienicke ‘spy bridge’ from Berlin,
the state capital of Brandenburg was catapulted to prominence by
King Frederick the Great. His Sanssouci palace is the crown of this
Unesco-recognised cultural tapestry that synthesises 18th-century
artistic trends in one stupendous masterpiece. Prepare to be
dazzled.
3 Munich
Learn why Bavarians boast the most
Bavaria’s capital packs plenty of refreshing surprises under its
frequently bright-blue skies. Here, folklore and age-old traditions
exist side by side with sleek BMWs, designer boutiques and high-
powered industry. The city’s museums showcase everything from
artistic masterpieces to technological treasures and Oktoberfest
history, while its nightlife, locals might say, is second only to Berlin.
FRAUENKIRCHE AND NEUES RATHAUS IN MARIENPLATZ | S.BORISOV/SHUTTERSTOCK ©
GERMANY’S TOP 12 PLAN YOUR TRIP
4 Schloss Neuschwanstein
The inspiration for Disney’s fairy-tale castle
Commissioned by Bavaria’s most famous monarch, loopy Ludwig
II, Germany’s favourite castle pcomes straight from a fairy-tale
storybook. Inside, its fanciful chambers reflect Ludwig’s obsession
with the mythical past and his favoured composer, Wagner. One of
Europe’s most visited sites, the castle is said to be the inspiration
for Walt Disney’s iconic emblem. Today, it continues to inspire
tourist masses to make the pilgrimage along the Romantic Road,
which culminates at its gates.
5 Heidelberg
Germany’s oldest university town
The 19th-century romantics found beauty and spiritual inspiration
in Heidelberg and so, in his way, did Mark Twain, who was beguiled
by the ruins of the hillside castle. Generations of students have
attended lectures, sung lustily with beer steins in hand, carved their
names into tavern tables and, occasionally, been sent to the
student jail. Heidelberg today is a place where age-old traditions
endure alongside world-class research, innovative cultural events
and a sometimes-raucous nightlife scene.
7 Dresden
A phoenix from the ashes of war
The apocalypse came on a cold February night in 1945. Hours of
carpet-bombing reduced Germany’s ‘Florence on the Elbe’ to a
smouldering pile of bricks and 25,000 people died. Dresden’s
comeback is nothing short of miraculous. Painstakingly
reconstructed architectural marvels, stunning art collections and a
tiara of villas and palaces justify the city’s place in the pantheon of
European cultural capitals.
FRAUENKIRCHE | JONATHAN STOKES/LONELY PLANET ©
GERMANY’S TOP 12 PLAN YOUR TRIP
8 Nuremburg
Toys, trains and castle walls
Nuremberg may conjure visions of Nazi rallies and grisly war trials,
but there’s so much more to this energetic city, capital of the state
of Franconia. Germany’s first railway trundled from here to
neighbouring Fürth, leaving a trail of choo-choo heritage. And
Germany’s toy capital has heaps of things for kids to enjoy. When
you’re done with sightseeing, the local beer is as dark as the coffee
and best employed to chase down Nuremberg’s delicious finger-
sized bratwurst.
Iron—
Great Britain 2,250,000 6,300,000
United States 564,000 2,742,000
With a view to carry this work through the year 1882 and into part
of 1883, very plain reference should be made to the campaign of
1882, which in several important States was fully as disastrous to the
Republican party as any State elections since the advent of that party
to national supremacy and power. In 1863 and 1874 the Republican
reverses were almost if not quite as general, but in the more
important States the adverse majorities were not near so sweeping.
Political “tidal waves” had been freely talked of as descriptive of the
situation in the earlier years named, but the result of 1882 has been
pertinently described by Horatio Seymour as the “groundswell,” and
such it seemed, both to the active participants in, and lookers-on, at
the struggle.
Political discontent seems to be periodical under all governments,
and the periods are probably quite as frequent though less violent
under republican as other forms. Certain it is that no political party
in our history has long enjoyed uninterrupted success. The National
success of the Republicans cannot truthfully be said to have been
uninterrupted since the first election of Lincoln, as at times one or
the other of the two Houses of Congress have been in the hands of
the Democratic party, while since the second Grant administration
there has not been a safe working majority of Republicans in either
House. Combinations with Greenbackers, Readjusters, and
occasionally with dissenting Democrats have had to be employed to
preserve majorities in behalf of important measures, and these have
not always succeeded, though the general tendency of side-parties
has been to support the majority, for the very plain reason that
majorities can reward with power upon committees and with
patronage.
Efforts were made by the Democrats in the first session of the 47th
Congress to reduce existing tariffs, and to repeal the internal revenue
taxes. The Republicans met the first movement by establishing a
Tariff Commission, which was appointed by President Arthur, and
composed mainly of gentlemen favorable to protective duties. In the
year previous (1881) the income from internal taxes was
$135,264,385.51, and the cost of collecting $4,327,793.24, or 3.20
per cent. The customs revenues amounted to $198,159,676.02, the
cost of collecting the same $6,383,288.10, or 3.22 per cent. There
was no general complaint as to the cost of collecting these immense
revenues, for this cost was greatly less than in former years, but the
surplus on internal taxes (about $146,000,000) was so large that it
could not be profitably employed even in the payment of the public
debt, and as a natural result all interests called upon to pay the tax
(save where there was a monopoly in the product or the
manufacture) complained of the burden as wholly unnecessary, and
large interests and very many people demanded immediate and
absolute repeal. The Republicans sought to meet this demand half
way by a bill repealing all the taxes, save those on spirits and
tobacco, but the Democrats obstructed and defeated every attempt at
partial repeal. The Republicans thought that the moral sentiment of
the country would favor the retention of the internal taxes upon
spirits and tobacco (the latter having been previously reduced) but if
there was any such sentiment it did not manifest itself in the fall
elections. On the contrary, every form of discontent, encouraged by
these great causes, took shape. While the Tariff Commission, by
active and very intelligent work, held out continued hope to the more
confident industries, those which had been threatened or injured by
the failure of the crops in 1881, and by the assassination of President
Garfield, saw only prolonged injury in the probable work of the
Commission, for to meet the close Democratic sentiment and to
unite that which it was hoped would be generally friendly, moderate
tariff rates had to be fixed; notably upon iron, steel, and many classes
of manufactured goods. Manufacturers of the cheaper grades of
cotton goods were feeling the pressure of competition from the South
—where goods could be made from a natural product close at hand—
while those of the North found about the same time that the tastes of
their customers had improved, and hence their cheaper grades were
no longer in such general demand. There was over-production, as a
consequence grave depression, and not all in the business could at
once realize the cause of the trouble. Doubt and distrust prevailed,
and early in the summer of 1882, and indeed until late in the fall, the
country seemed upon the verge of a business panic. At the same time
the leading journals of the country seemed to have joined in a
crusade against all existing political methods, and against all
statutory and political abuses. The cry of “Down with Boss Rule!”
was heard in many States, and this rallied to the swelling ranks of
discontent all who are naturally fond of pulling down leaders—and
the United States Senatorial elections of 1883 quickly showed that
the blow was aimed at all leaders, whether they were alleged Bosses
or not. Then, too, the forms of discontent which could not take
practical shape in the great Presidential contest between Garfield
and Hancock, came to the front with cumulative force after the
assassination. There is little use in philosophizing and searching for
sufficient reasons leading to a fact, when the fact itself must be
confessed and when its force has been felt. It is a plain fact that many
votes in the fall of 1882 were determined by the nominating struggle
for the Presidency in 1880, by the quarrels which followed Garfield’s
inauguration, and by the assassination. Indeed, the nation had not
recovered from the shock, and many very good people looked with
very grave suspicion upon every act of President Arthur after he had
succeeded to the chair. The best informed, broadest and most liberal
political minds saw in his course an honest effort to heal existing
differences in the Republican party, but many acts of
recommendation and appointment directed to this end were
discounted by the few which could not thus be traced, and suspicion
and discontent swelled the chorus of other injuries. The result was
the great political changes of 1882. It began in Ohio, the only
important and debatable October State remaining at this time. The
causes enumerated above (save the assassination and the conflict
between the friends of Grant and Blaine) operated with less force in
Ohio than any other section—for here leaders had not been held up
as “Bosses;” civil service reform had many advocates among them;
the people were not by interest specially wedded to high tariff duties,
nor were they large payers of internal revenue taxes. But the liquor
issue had sprung up in the Legislature the previous winter, the
Republicans attempting to levy and collect a tax from all who sold,
and to prevent the sale on Sundays. These brief facts make strange
reading to the people of other States, where the sale of liquor has
generally been licensed, and forbidden on Sundays. Ohio had