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T Arivandandam vs. T.V. Satyapal and Anr. 1977 Air SC 2421
T Arivandandam vs. T.V. Satyapal and Anr. 1977 Air SC 2421
LAWS(SC)-1977-10-20
Appellant(s) :
T.ARIVANDANDAM
Respondent(s) :
T.V.SATYAPAL
Advocate(s) :
P.R.RAMESH
Equivalent Citation :
Cited Judgement(s) :
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To]
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[Referred To]
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99] [Referred To]
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[Referred To]
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- Government Of Tamil Nadu Vs. Singapore Reality Private Limited Represented By Its Director,
[LAWS(MAD)-2018-8-973] [Referred To]
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[Referred To]
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2017-4-278] [Referred To]
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- Ayodhya Devi Vs. Dda, [LAWS(DLH)-2009-1-89] [Referred To]
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[Referred To]
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2007-4-246] [Referred To]
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To]
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138] [Referred To]
- Maharaj Shri Manvendrasinhji Jadeja Vs. Rajmata Vijaykumar Wd O Maharaja Mahendrasinhji,
[LAWS(GJH)-1998-9-39] [Relied On]
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To]
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- Sunil Gupta Vs. Chand Rani Verma , [LAWS(DLH)-2014-12-417] [Referred To]
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To]
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- Satya Gupta Vs. Guneet Singh, [LAWS(DLH)-2012-11-390] [Referred]
- Douglas Breckenridge Vs. Jhilmil Breckenridge , [LAWS(DLH)-2012-2-496] [Referred To]
- Douglas Breckenridge Vs. Jhilmil Breckenridge , [LAWS(DLH)-2012-2-496] [Referred To]
- Virender Kumar Garg Vs. Ravinder Kumar Garg, [LAWS(DLH)-2013-11-118] [Referred To]
- Bhopal Thapa Vs. Riva Devi Shaw And Ors., [LAWS(GAU)-2014-9-48] [Referred To]
- M A E Kumar Varma Vs. Ramoji Rao, [LAWS(APH)-2008-9-128] [Referred To]
- S Rama Mohan Reddy Vs. S Saraswathi, [LAWS(APH)-2005-11-87] [Referred To]
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To]
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[Referred To]
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[LAWS(ALL)-2012-8-307] [Referred To]
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[LAWS(DLH)-2016-2-110] [Referred To]
- North Bengal Bone Mills And Fertilizers Pvt Ltd Vs. Nilima Bose, [LAWS(CAL)-2010-9-88]
[Referred To]
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- Kla Construction Technologies Pvt Ltd Vs. Chadha Sugar And Industries Pvt Ltd And Another,
[LAWS(DLH)-2018-7-725] [Referred To]
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- G. Sathyanarayana Reddy Vs. Mohd. Thajuddin Ghouri, [LAWS(TLNG)-2022-11-87] [Referred To]
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[Referred To]
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- A Gopal S/O Late Appaihanna And Others Vs. The Bengaluru Development Authority And Others,
[LAWS(KAR)-2011-7-227] [Referred To]
- T K Chinnasamy Pillai Vs. S Rajasekar, [LAWS(MAD)-2018-8-145] [Referred To]
- Bakshish Singh Vs. Ajay Vir Singh, [LAWS(HPH)-2022-8-21] [Referred To]
- Mohammaed Soyab Vs. Union Of India And Another, [LAWS(HPH)-2017-5-192] [Referred To]
- Raghbir Singh Vs. Jai Bhagwan Saini, [LAWS(P&H)-2017-10-110] [Referred To]
hope of the learned Judge who thought that the litigative skirmishes would come to an end,
but hope can be dupe when the customer concerned is a crook. - The 2nd respondent
promptly applied for vacating the temporary injunction and when the petition came up for
hearing before Mr. Justice Venkataramayya, counsel for the petitioner submitted that he
should not hear the case, the pretext put forward being that the petitioner had cutely
mentioned the name of the Judge in the affidavit while describing the prior proceedings. -
The learned Munsif must remember that if on a meaningful - not formal - reading of the
plaint it is manifestly vexatious, and meritless, in the sense of not disclosing a clear right to
sue, he should exercise his power under O.
B. In any view, that suit has no survival value and should be disposed of forthwith after giving
an immediate hearing to the parties concerned. - We are constrained to make these
observations and hope that the co- operation of the Bar will be readily forthcoming to the
Bench for spending judicial time on worthwhile disputes and avoiding the distraction of sham
litigation such as the one we are disposing of.
Judgment :
Krishna Iyer, J.
(1.) The pathology of litigative addiction ruins the poor of this country and the Bar has a role to cure
this deleterious tendency of parties to launch frivolous and vexatious cases.
(2.) Here is an audacious application by a determined engineer of fake litigations asking for special
leave to appeal against an order of the High Court on an interlocutory application for injunction. The
sharp practice or legal legerdemain of the petitioner, who is the son of the 2nd respondent, stultifies
the court process and makes decrees with judicial seals brutum fulmen. The long arm of the law must
throttle such litigative caricatures if the confidence and credibility of the community in the judicature
is to survive. The contempt power of the Court is meant for such persons as the present petitioner. We
desist from taking action because of the sweet reasonableness of counsel Sri Remasesh.
(3.) What is the horrendous enterprise of the petitioner The learned Judge has, with a touch of
personal poignancy, judicial sensitivity and anguished anxiety, narrated the sorry story of a long-
drawn out series of legal proceedings revealing how the father of the petitioner contested an eviction
proceeding, lost it, appealed against it, lost again, moved a revision only to be rebuffed by summary
rejection by the High Court. But the Judge, in his element jurisdiction, gratuitously granted over six
months time to vacate the premises. After having enjoyed the benefit of this indulgence the maladroit
party moved for further time to vacate. All these proceedings were being carried on by the 2nd
respondent who was the father of the petitioner. Finding that the court's generosity had been exploited
to the full, the 2nd respondent and the petitioner, his son, set upon a clever adventure by abuse of the
process of the court. The petitioner filed a suit before the Fourth Additional First Munsif, Bangalore,
for a declaration that the order of eviction, which had been confirmed right up to the High Court and
resisted by the 2nd respondent throughout, was one obtained by fraud and collusion. He sought an
injunction against the execution of the eviction order. When this fact was brought to the notice of the
High Court, during the hearing of the prayer for further time to vacate, instead of frowning upon the
fraudulent stroke, the learned Judge took pity on the tenant and persuaded the landlord to give more
time for vacating the premises on the basis that the suit newly and sinisterly filed would be withdrawn
by the petitioner. Gaining time by another five months on this score, the father and son belied the hope
of the learned Judge who thought that the litigative skirmishes would come to an end, but hope can be
dupe when the customer concerned is a crook.
(4.) The next chapter in the litigative acrobatics of the petitioner and father soon followed since they
were determined to dupe and defy the process of the court to cling on to the shop. The trick they
adopted was to institute another suit before another Munsif making a carbon copy as it were of the old
plaint and playing upon the likely gullibility of the new Munsif to grant an ex parte injunction. The 1st
respondent entered appearance and exposed the hoax played upon the court by the petitioner and the
2nd respondent. Thereupon the Munsif vacated the order of injunction he had already granted. An
appeal was carried without success. Undaunted by all these defeats the petitioner came to the High
Court in revision and managed to get an injunction over again. The 2nd respondent promptly applied
for vacating the temporary injunction and when the petition came up for hearing before Mr. Justice
Venkataramayya, counsel for the petitioner submitted that he should not hear the case, the pretext put
forward being that the petitioner had cutely mentioned the name of the Judge in the affidavit while
describing the prior proceedings. The unhappy Judge, who had done all he could to help the tenant by
persuading the landlord, found himself badly betrayed. He adjourned the case to the next day. The
torment he underwent is obvious from his own order where he stated. "I spent a sleepless night
yesterday." Luckily, he stabilised himself the next day and heard arguments without yielding to the
bullying tactics of the petitioner and impropriety of his advocate. He went into the merits and
dismissed the revision. Of course, these fruitless proceedings in the High Court did not deter the
petitioner from daring to move this Court for special leave to appeal.
(5.) We have not the slightest hesitation in condemning the petitioner for the gross abuse of the
process of the court repeatedly and unrepentantly resorted to. From the statement of the facts found in
the judgment of the High Court, it is perfectly plain that the suit now pending before the First Munsif's
Court Bangalore, is a flagrant misuse of the mercies of the law in receiving plaints. The learned
Munsif must remember that if on a meaningful - not formal - reading of the plaint it is manifestly
vexatious, and meritless, in the sense of not disclosing a clear right to sue, he should exercise his
power under O. VII R. 11, C. P. C. taking care to see that the ground mentioned therein is fulfilled.
And, if clear drafting has created the illusion of a cause of action, nip it in the bud at the first hearing
by examining the party searchingly under O. X. C.P.C. An activist Judge is the answer to irresponsible
law suits. The trial Courts would insist imperatively on examining the party at the first hearing so that
bogus litigation can be shot down at the earliest stage. The Penal Code is also resourceful enough to
meet such men, (Ch. XI) and must be triggered against them. In this case, the learned Judge to his cost
realised what George Bernard Shaw remarked on the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi.
(6.) The trial Court in this case will remind itself of S. 35-A, C. P. C. and take deterrent action if it is
satisfied that the litigation was inspired by vexatious motives and altogether groundless. In any view,
that suit has no survival value and should be disposed of forthwith after giving an immediate hearing
to the parties concerned.
(7.) We regret the infliction of the ordeal upon the learned Judge of the High Court by a callous party.
We more than regret the circumstance that the party concerned has been able to prevail upon one
lawyer or the other to present to the court a case which was disingenuous or worse. It may be a
valuable contribution to the cause of justice if counsel screen wholly fraudulent and frivolous litigation
refusing to be beguiled by dubious clients. And remembering that an advocate is an officer of justice
he owes it to society not to collaborate in shady actions. The Bar Council of India, we hope will
activate this obligation. We are constrained to make these observations and hope that the co- operation
of the Bar will be readily forthcoming to the Bench for spending judicial time on worthwhile disputes
and avoiding the distraction of sham litigation such as the one we are disposing of. Another moral of
this unrighteous chain litigation is the gullible grant of ex parte orders tempts gamblers in litigation
into easy courts. A judge who succumbs to ex parte pressure in unmerited cases helps devalue the
judicial process. We must appreciate Shri Ramasesh for his young candour and correct advocacy.