Short Question Of IS :

1. What is Data and Information?

 Data : data is row facts. Data can be any character,image,number
or text etc. Data on its own is not very useful unless it is processed
and analyzed to extract meaning.
Example: A list of numbers could be considered data.
 Information : Collection of facts organize in such a way that they
have additional value beyond the value of facts themselves.
Information can be used to answer questions, make decisions, or
gain knowledge.
Example: A chart generated from a list of numbers would be
considered information.

2. Define: Process and Knowledge.

 Process: A series of steps that are taken to achieve a specific
goal. These actions or steps may involve data collection, analysis,
transformation, storage, retrieval. processes are typically
automated and executed by computer software to ensure
accuracy, consistency, and efficiency.
 Knowledge: Knowledge is the awareness or understanding of
information and skills acquired through learning or experience. It
includes both theoretical and practical insights gained through
observation, study, and practice. Knowledge can be explicit, such
as documented information.

3. Explain the terms: Input and Output

 Input : input is the activity of gathering and capturing raw data. In
producing paycheck, e.g. the number of hours worked for every
employee must be collected before paycheck can be calculated.
 Output : output involves producing useful information, usually in
the form of documents & reports. Output can include paychecks
for employee. Reports for managers and information supplied to
stockholders, banks.

4. List out the various characteristics of valuable information.

 Accurate
 Complete
 Economical
 Flexible
 Relevant
 Reliable
 Secure
 Simple
 Timely
 Verifable

5. What are the benefits of Information?

 Increased knowledge and understanding of a particular subject.
 Improved decision-making ability based on accurate and relevant
information.
 Enhanced communication and collaboration.
 Increased efficiency and productivity by providing timely and
reliable information.

6. What is Data? List out types of data.

Data : data is row facts. Data can be any character,image,number
or text etc. Data on its own is not very useful unless it is processed
and analyzed to extract meaning .

 Types of Data :
1. Alpha Numeric Data
2. Image Data
3. Audio Data
4. Video Data
5. Textual Data

7. Define System and also give its example.

 A system is a group of interacting and interrelated
components that work together to achieve a common goal.
It can be a physical or conceptual entity that takes inputs
and transforms them into outputs.
 EXAMPLE : A computer system with components like
processor, memory, and input/output devices that work
together to process information.

8. Define System in an Organization.

 In an organization, a system refers to a set of interconnected
components that work together to achieve a common goal. It
can be a physical or conceptual entity that processes inputs into
outputs. Systems in an organization can range from simple to
complex, and can be designed to support various functions such
as communication, production, or information management.

9. What is system boundary?

 A system boundary is a line that defines the limits of a system and
separates it from its environment. It identifies the inputs and
outputs that cross the boundary and clarifies what is included in
the system and what is not. Defining the system boundary is
important for designing, building, and managing the system, and
for understanding its impact on the larger organization.

10.Define Knowledge.
 Knowledge is the awareness or understanding of information and
skills acquired through learning or experience. It includes both
 theoretical and practical insights gained through observation,
study, and practice. Knowledge can be explicit, such as
documented information. It is a valuable resource that can be
used to make informed decisions, solve problems, and create new
ideas.

11.Define wisdom.
 wisdom refers to the ability to make decisions based on a deep
understanding of data, information, and knowledge. It involves
using critical thinking skills and experience to identify patterns,
relationships, and trends that can inform decision-making.

12.List out various Business Information System.

 Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
 Management Information Systems (MIS)
 Decision Support Systems (DSS)
 Supply Chain Management Systems (SCM)
 Customer Relationship Management Systems (CRM)
 Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP)
13.Differentiate between Data and information.
Data Information
Data is a Raw facts Information Is a Processed of data
Data is Incomplete & Information Is Complete &
Meaningless Meaningful
Data is Objective Information is Subjective
It Can be any form (text, It presented in a structured format
numbers, images, etc.)
Data is unorganized Information is Organized
input into a system is called Output from a system is called info.
data
It Requires interpretation and
analysis to become useful
It is used as a building block for
information
Understanding is difficult
Example : Number’s ,Character
It is analyzed and interpreted
It is used for decision-making,
communication, and other purposes
Understanding is easy
Example :Knowledge, Reports

14.Differentiate between open and closed system.

Characteristics Open System Closed System
Definition A system that A system that is
interacts with its isolated from its
environment and environment and
exchanges does not exchange
matter and energy matter and energy
with it
Interactions with Frequent Limited
Environment
Inputs and Outputs Exchanges matter and No exchange of
energy with matter and energy
environment with environment

Adaptability and High Low

Flexibility
Stability and Low High
Predictability

15.Differentiate between Probabilistic & deterministic system.

Characteristics Probabilistic System Deterministic System
Definition A system where A system where
outcomes are not outcomes are
certain and are determined and can
subject to chance be predicted
Inputs Uncertain, random Known, fixed variables
variables
Outputs Probabilities and Exact values or precise
statistical outcomes
Analysis Based on probabilities Based on cause and
and statistics effect relationships
Predictability Limited predictability High predictability
Flexibility and High Low
Adaptability
Examples Weather forecasting, Mathematical
gambling equations, physics

16.List out activities of TPS.

The following are some activities associated with TPS:

 data collection
 data editing
 data correction
 data manipulation
 data storage
 document production & reports

17.List out objective of TPS.

 The objective of a Transaction Processing System (TPS) Here are
some specific objectives of a TPS:
 Process data generated by and about transactions
 Maintain a high degree of accuracy and integrity
 Avoid processing fraudulent transactions
 Produce timely user responses and reports
 Increase labor efficiency
 Help improve customer service
 Help build and maintain customer loyalty
 Achieve competitive advantage

18.List out characteristics of MIS.

 Provide Reports with Fixed & Standard Formats
 Produce Hard-Copy & Soft-Copy Reports
 Use Internal Data Stored in the Computer System
 Allow End Users to Develop Their Own Custom Reports
 Require User Requests for Reports Developed by System Personal
List out types of system.
 Natural and manufactured
 Open and closed
 Deterministic and Probabilistic
 Permanent and temporary
 Stationary and non-stationary
 Adaptive & non-adaptive
 Sub-system and super-system
 Simple and complex

19.List out principal document associated with information flow.

 Purchase Order
 Inventory(order list) Transfer
 Purchase Request
 Product Document
 Material Request Report
 Sales Order
 Custom Invoice
 Collection
 Vender Cheque

20.What is Product flow and information flow?

 product flow: It refers to the movement of physical goods or
services from the supplier to the customer. It includes activities
such as manufacturing, packaging, shipping, and delivery.
 information flow: It refers to the transfer of information or data
from one party to another in the supply chain. This includes
activities such as order placement, order tracking, inventory
management, and invoicing.

21.Define ERP.
 ERP (Enterprice Resource Planning) is a software system used
to manage and integrate an organization's business
processes and operations. It enables organizations to
streamline processes, reduce duplication of effort, and
improve efficiency. ERP provides a centralized database to
store information from different departments for better-
informed decision-making and improved performance.

22.Define DSS.
 DSS (Decision Support System) is a computer-based system
that helps managers and professionals make better decisions
by providing access to large amounts of data, analysis tools,
and reporting capabilities. It is used in various industries and
settings to help decision-makers make informed choices
based on the best data available.
23.List the components of DSS.

 Financial Model
 Statistical Analysis Model
 Graphical Model
 Project Management Model

24.Explain characteristics of DSS.

 Count of Data From Different Sources
 Provide Report & Presentation Flexibility
 Offer Both Textual & Graphical Orientation
 Support Drill-Down Analysis
 Simulation
 Goal Seeking Analysis

25.Explain limitation of DSS.

 Possible design flaws in the system
 Poor understanding of task
 Poor modeling of “reality”
 Promote congnitive basics
 Stop the user from thinking

26.Give the benefits of DSS.

 Improves personal efficiency
 Speed up the process of decision making
 Increase organization control
 Speeds up problem solving
 Promotes leaning
 Facilitates interpersonal communication

27.Give examples of Open and close system.

 Examples of open systems include living human beings that
interact with their environment, such as plants, animals. An open
system can exchange matter, energy, and information with its
environment.

 Examples of closed systems include sealed containers that do not

exchange matter or energy with their environment, such as a
refrigerator. A closed system is self-contained and isolated from
the external environment.
28.What is ERP? List out its advantages.
 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a set of integrated
programs that manage company’s imp business operations
for an entire multi location, global organization.
 Advantages of ERP:
 Improved access to data for operational decision making
 Elimination of costly, inflexible legacy systems
 Improvement of work processes
 Upgrade of technology infrastructure

29.List out types of reports generated through MIS.

 Demand Reports
 Drill Down Reports
 Exception Reports
 Key Indicator Reports
 Schedule Reports

30.What is the Significance of GIS?

31. What is the Significance of Feedback and Control in Information
System?
32. What is What-If Analysis?
33.Define schedule report and Key-Indicator report.
34.What is Goal-seeking Analysis?