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Grade 8 Measurement

The document discusses different geometric shapes including polygons, circles, and perimeters. Polygons include regular polygons and special quadrilaterals. Circles are defined and parts like radii, diameters, arcs, and sectors are explained. Formulas are provided to calculate the perimeters of squares, rectangles, triangles, and circles. Examples and exercises on finding perimeters of various shapes are also included.

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Mar Rich
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108 views8 pages

Grade 8 Measurement

The document discusses different geometric shapes including polygons, circles, and perimeters. Polygons include regular polygons and special quadrilaterals. Circles are defined and parts like radii, diameters, arcs, and sectors are explained. Formulas are provided to calculate the perimeters of squares, rectangles, triangles, and circles. Examples and exercises on finding perimeters of various shapes are also included.

Uploaded by

Mar Rich
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

POLYGONS

A polygon is a plane (flat) figure bounded by straight line


segments.

Some polygons have names:

Regular polygon

A regular polygon has all sides equal, all interior angles


equal and all exterior angles equal.
Special quadrilaterals

Quadrilateral is a four-sided figure.

CIRCLES

A circle is a closed curve that encloses a region of a plane so


that every point on the curve is the same distance from one
point, called the centre of the circle.

A line segment from the centre to a point on the circle is


called a radius. A line joining two points on the circle and
passing through the centre is called a diameter.
Part of the circle is an arc.

The region enclosed by an arc and two radii is called a


sector.

PERIMETER

The perimeter is the length of the line enclosing a region of a


surface.

The perimeter of a polygon is found by adding the lengths of


its side.

The perimeter of a circle is called the circumference.

Perimeter Formula for

a) Square: P = 4s
b) Rectangle: P = 2L + 2W
c) Triangle: P = a + b + c or

P = 3s (equilateral triangle)

d) Circumference of a circle

C = 2pr or pd
𝟐𝟐
where r is the radius, d is the diameter and p are 3.142 or
𝟕
Examples

1) Find the circumference of a circle with radius 3 m.

C = 2pr

C = 2 x 3.142 x 3

= 18.852 m

2) In the diagram, which is not drawn to scale, AB, BC and


CD are three sides of a square and AE and DE are two
sides of an equilateral triangle. Find the perimeter of
the shape.

Perimeter = 8.4 x 5
= 42 cm
Exercise
𝟐𝟐
Use p as 3.142 or where relevant
𝟕

1) The side of a rhombus is 8 cm. What is its perimeter.

2) Two non-parallel sides of a parallelogram have lengths 5


m and 3 m. What is the perimeter of the parallelogram?

3) Find the perimeters of the following:

a) A square of side 11 cm
b) A regular pentagon of side 1.2 m.
c) A regular hexagon of side 0.8 m.
d) A circle of radius 14 m.
e) A circle of radius 210 m.
f) A rectangle with sides 70 mm and 30 mm
g) A semicircle of radius 0.7 cm

4) Find the perimeter of the shapes below


Area of a Parallelogram

Formula for Area of a circle

• pr #

Area of Composite Shapes

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