Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Steel Connections Bolted Joint Design

    Uploaded by

    Shindiya Lal
    3 views26 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    3 views26 pages

    Steel Connections Bolted Joint Design

    Uploaded by

    Shindiya Lal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 26
    JS TRMCTARA. STEER Conilecmioni¢ / THeoky ¢ DESUN | PARTE | Boutey conmections ‘Coy alg go GNNE CTOs Confonersig (eg. ppletis, bvsdbeds) aut CONNECTRRS oe s Be belie mene) The Come will oe ean f Te Comic crees (welts fe 3.1.6_BOLTED CONNECTION GEOMETRY ‘Minimum Edge Distance Minimum-edge distances from the centre of a bolt hole to the edge of a plate or the flange of a rolled section are specified in AS 4100 as fotlows— 1.75 d+ for sheared or hand flame cut edges 1.50 4; for machine flame cut, sawn or planed edges 1.25 d; for rolled edges or rolled sections — where d; is the nominal diameter of the fastener. Table 3.1.6.1 lists these minimum edge distances for commonly used boit diameters. ‘Maximum Edge Distance AS 4100 specifies the maximum edge distance from the centre of a bolt to the nearest edge. This is limited to 12t, or 150 mm, whichever is the lesser, where t, is the thickness of the thinner outer ply. Minimum Pitch of Bolts Minimum pitch of bolts is specified in AS 4100 to be 25 times the nominal diameter of the bolt Howover, if it is intended to tension bolts with a special tensioning tool, the minimum distance between the centres of bolt holes shall be appropriate to the type of tool used. Maximum Pitch of Bolts Maximum pitch of boits is stipulated in AS 4100 to be the lesser of 15t, and 200 mm where t may be taken as the thickness of the thinner outside ply. However, in the following cases the maximum distances shall be: (@) For fasteners which are not required to carry design actions in regions not liable to corrosion the lesser of 32t, and 300 mm. TABLE 3.1.6.1 : MINIMUM EDGE DISTANCES Nominal | Sheared | Rolled Plate;| Rolled Diameter | orHand | Machine | Edge of Flame | Flame Cut, | ofa Fastener | CutEdge | Sawnor | Rolled dy Planed Edge| Section mm mm mm mm 12 24 18 15 16 28 24 20 20 35 30 25 24 42 36 30 30 53 4 |- 38 36 63 54 45 (b) For an outside line of fasteners in the direction Of the design force the lesser of 41, + 100 mm, ‘and 200 mm. Bolt Holes, The diameter of bolt holes in bolted connections is stipulated in AS 4100 to be larger than the bolt diameter by either- 2mm_ for M24 bolts or smaller 3mm_ for bolts larger than M24 6mm for holes in base plates In some applications, thé use of slotted or oversize holes may be justified in order to ease erection difficulties. The large oversize holes permitted in base plates is to assist in column erection and is related to the out-of-position of anchor bolts permitted in AS 4100. ‘AS 4100 also makes provision for the use of short and long slotted holes and oversize holes, and the detailed provisions for such holes are summarised in Table 3.1.6.2. tt A veamelor “a AJAX SPURWAY FASTENERS NEW ZEALAND PO. BOX 30026 LOWER HUTT ‘Metric High Strength \, Structural Bolts & Nuts. Metric High Strength Structural Bol & Nuts General Grade. (ISO Property Class 88) ISO Metric Coarse Pitch Series Threads. Class 69. ~ Relevant Australian Standard, 1252 i 1.DIMENSIONS £ - 4 All dimensioas in miimettes Pich | Shank Head md Nominal of Dia Across Flats ‘Thickness Thickness: Diameter | Thread ds s k m D a mie [20 | 1870 11590 | 27 | ees6 | 1075 | 026 | 171 | 1600 mzo| 25 | 2ose | 1016 | a2 | 3.00 | 1390 | 12:10 | 213 | 2000 Maz [ 2s | 2286 | 2136 |_a6 [3500 | s40 | 1310 | 2330 | 22.00 m24_| 300 | 2404 | 2316 | 41 | 4000 1590 | 14:10 | 253 | 24.00 | Note, Thread lengths, 30 [35 | sose | eae | 50 | 49001 1975 | 1765 | 513 | 3000 | dimension b, a6 | 40 | ara 13800 | 60 | saeo | pass | 145 | 376 | 9800 | refer over. BREAKING AND PROOF LOADS. The following tables list tensile breaking and See proof loads of Ajax Spurway bolts calculated from tensile on proof load stress and ‘Stress Area" of the thread, and nut proof loads, and are based on: BOLTS NUTS ‘Tnsile Strength “Proof Load” Stress Proof Load Stress = 1075 MPa (Nim) 1830 MPa (Nimm) min, 600 MPa (Némm') min, (on stress area of BLACK NUTS 420 Kipsfin' min. 87 Kipsfin’ min. corresponding bolt) = 1165 MPa (Nim) 536 tontfin’ min. 388 tonffin’ min. GALVANIZED NUTS 4 Kip = 1000 Ibt Tensile BOUTS: NUTS Nominal} Stress Got | Arcsot | Breaking Load Procf Load rool Lose Diameter) ‘Thread Minimum binisiaie Black Galvanised D mm’ _|~kN 1 Kips [tont_[ eT Kins [tof iN KN wie _|_167__| 190 | 292 | 1904 | 942 | on.2 [94s | 169 183 zo [pas | 203 | 456 | 2037 | 1470 | oa0 | 7475 | 263 285 zz {303 | 252 | 567 | 253 | 182 | 409 | teas |" 3257 3529 M24 353. 293 | 658 | 2040 | 2120 | 476 | 21.27 379. att MSO. 561 466 |" 1047 | 46.76 | 3370 | 75.7 | 3382 603, B54 M36. BIT e7a_| 162.4 | 6804 | 4900 | 1101 | 49:17 78 952. Continued over. © AJAX SPURWAY FASTENERS NEW ZEALAND PO. BOX 30026 LOWER HUTT 3, LENGTHS OF STRUCTURAL BOLTS. rls Nominal bor dametr D Sopht eh we] a wee] Wa 1 Bay his and rp nis ‘ @[al4| «lela él 4 Tem ran. | ax [min [ax | mon | mex ran, [ma 0 s]*l-7-|-]- See ’ | ae | fs) — | — ee © s[ iti fizs| = | = ot 55 Wy wr] to 175 | a] ar oy fg 60 wi] 2{io jive} i) 21 -|[- ~ 65 a] ar pispae | 2] 2 ooo m| ee fies| 2 | sal Se % ai] ar [ars| a [ae] ar eet 0 as| @ [aos] oe | 7b oe aoe rs | artars| a | 2 | 3 | 9 | * a5] 52 [355 | ae | 27 | 36 8 | 30 ES | sr [ais | a | | a we | 2 +00 se] se ]ass| se | a7 | a6 xa | 30 0 & | 7 [ses |e | | se a 120 me |e leas| % | s7| oe a| 42 420 |e |1a2 | a | 09 | 705] 78 | ot | 70 a | 6 uw [ise |s42 | Go| 98 | aos] a | 7] a a | 5s as [40 |s52 | 100 | x05 | 05] 98 | er | 90 | 66 veo fics jase | si | 300 & | 7 0 [ree five | 101 | 10 va | os hs 180 | 176 | 184 = pope] am | it fi a4 | 96 —~| 4s soo [wee fies | — | > | = |X | tas | t20 4 | 108 | zo fase fae | = | = | = |X | ass | 40 sos | 116 zo fae jee | — | — | — | = | tae | se tn | 128 20 [oe [as | — | = | = | = | 58 | 67 wa | 8 1. Body Length (¢s) 2. Grip Lengthi¢g). 3. Bolts with lengths above the ‘The distance from the bearing ‘This distance between the heavy line have thread lengths surface of the bolt head to the last bearing face of the head and — shorter then the nominal ‘scratch of thread, or top of the: the nearest face of a nut with Jengths reierred to below. extrusion angie, whichever is ‘io countersink, when serewed coser fo the head. conto the bott as far as practicable by hand. {his represents the approximate minimum thickness of materials which can be clamped, excluding the washer thickness. 4, NOMINAL THREAD LENGTHS 7 em bok | Basis for iat” | onan | Nomina tng ches» REFER TO TECHNICAL DATA SHEETS — Z D ints [a0 [iba [Mb TS 2/90 FOR METRIC HIGH STRENGTH 7 = ‘STRUCTURAL WASHERS. laos easy tl Etentet sett] seit ge-Paot [ore tt ee 3190 FOR CORONET® LOAD INDICATING 3 200 z+2s | — |e | 7 | as [97 WASHERS. 4/90 FOR ASSEMBLY, TIGHTENING AND Note. These thread lengths are not applicable to INSPECTION PROCEDURES. bolt lengths above the heavy line in the above Distributed by: en WELLINGTON SALES AUCKLAND SALES CHRISTCHURCH SALES PRUE 18.25 SEAVIEW ROAD 104 HUGO JOHNSTON DRIVE CNA COLOMBO & BEALEY AVENUE LOWER HUTT PENROSE ‘CHRISTCHURCH PHONE (04) 682 244 ‘AUCKLAND, PHONE (03) 652 902 FAX (04) 684634 PHONE (09) 526 1143, FAX (03) 652.040 FAX (08) 525 1148, * Bete in stehe ‘ \'p < Py a ¢ nea poke AV Crefec Teele ow e io, which pres dofin sons) NITE! Beth shear chengtis have bee, o¢teblrchedl air Ond ove velated to INAiAt eae by tog Tensile MoT yal chength, SHERR AREA wy : : aoe 3245 SS 3.2 (dt) @® sreec ices ue! diandle-efhole elongertes For short end distances &e. plate tearout failure will ooo before plate bearing failure > and inthe case_| V\= aete fe That is when the edge distance is less than 3.2dgthe second Forel equation for Vi, becomes cia ene REFER Lecruge aires $2. fee BoLTeD CONNECTION Geometgy———— Ceortinned fem ) Fadkwe aAooss “Thesthy can ako oceuwy refer (b) 4 ©) om chagrane below !— Ne Powsk Ae e PN =PAg &, , whichever is les. where 1— I von 045 ~ Woo (Le eccost: icy) Pq = Ares aren, > Paz nl avea, 45] = o a @ + G@ HE @ @ ca Figure 8.7 Bolted shear conn: vais andthe potential eves of flr ofits (a Plate fractures ) Bol ls) Crbing on melt el sank (d) Plate tearing failure; (© Pa frre ober balan cred) Bok bk ie ond Pte ete ade pac! — N * < PN : leads to slippage Bolt Grades There are two bolt grades generally available © Grade4.6 (f, = 400MPa) Gradeae (1, = e80NPs) ——pe Typical Grade 4.6 can be used only in the snug tight mode and is generally used only for very lightly loaded connections, and/or timber to steel connections, not being cost effective otherwise. 8.2.2 Bolt Modes ( Grade 8.8) Grade 8.8 bolts are high capacity connectors, and are used for all major bolted connections. ‘These can be used in 3 different load carrying modes + Snugtight (8.888) ——> typed ‘+ Fully tensioned ~ bearing action ( 8.8/TB ) r ‘+ Fully tensioned - friction action ( 8.8/TF ) A grade 8.8/S (snug tight) mode bolt provides a high éapacity, easily installed, cost efficient option in terms of cosUkN of force transfer. Bolts are tightened manually to bring all the connection ply interfaces into full contact, but without the need for further tightening to achieve a minimum installed bol tension, as load transfer is entirely by bolt shear from the plys bearing i against the bolt shank. 8.8/5 is normally used in simple construction, i.e. where the primary ~Ioad transfer mechanism is via boit shear, and any moment transfer is by means of the bolt group eccentricity, e.g. a simple web side plate connection. Some slippage andior rotation of the bolt group under load wil occur. Table 8.2.2 : Grade 8.8 Bolt Capacities, for 8.8/S and 8.8/TB | Shear Capacity (Single shear) Bolt Size | Axial Tension | Threads Included in| Threads Excluded from Capacty | Shear Plane (6.8NIS) | Shear Plane (8.8X/S) Oy (KN) OV (KN) OV, (KN) Lute 14 |g 827 a) 163 92.6 129 M24 234 133 186 M30 373 214 291 ws | 541] at 419 Note : 1. For ultimate limit state combined shear and tension see Clause 9.3.2.3. 2, The no-siip friction mode 8 8ITF is a serviceability limit state condition Further information on bolts and bolt design is provided in the HERA Design Guides [10] in sections 1.5, 10.2.3, & 103. 3.1.3 AS 4100 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS — STRENGTH LIMIT STATE 3.1.3.1 General The strength limit state design provisions which apply for static load applications are found in Clause 9.3.2 of AS 4100. These provisions are summarised in Table 3.1.3.1. The design provisions follow directly from the strength of bolts discussed in Section 5.13 and References 2 and 36, TABLE 3.1.3.1 AS 4100 CLAUSE 9.3.2 PROVISIONS STRENGTH LIMIT STATE—STATIC LOADS Limit State ‘AS 4100 Clause “Design Requirement Bolt in Shear 93.21 ow jesign shear force .ominal capacity in shear B2hyk A, apacity factor = 0.8 minimum tensile strength of bolt (Table 3.1.1) 100 MPa Grade 4.6 to AS 1111 330 MPa Grade 88 to AS 1252 reduction factor for bolted lap splice connections (Gection 3.1.3.2). For all other connections, k, = "1.0 available bolt shear area (Section 3.1.3.3), Fora single bolt with single shear plane, threads included, A, = A, core area. For a single bolt with single shear plane, threads excluded, A, = Ap shank area. Bolt in Tension 93.22 lig SO Ny fesign tension force Ny = nominal capacity in tension Bolt in Shear and Tension 93.23 Plyin Bearing 93.24 Ve design bearing force on a ply nominal capacity of ply in bearing 32 dit; typ (local failure) sty hp (tearout failure) capacity factor = 0.9 bolt diameter thickness of the ply minimum distance from the edge of a hole to the edge of a ply in the direction of the component of force plus half the bolt diameter fy = tensile strength of the ply AISC: DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONNECTIONS DsC/o4—1994 exefu * 4 TAH the connection inclicaled Se ly lott shea stew / cale he Matimum ULS ( encdabte) Jensile arenglh PN 5 heat can be cusghained, LJ Take kK =10, Milnes bet Co result debited yale we “tke er Cohen 4). x ref ug 4} Covuttons Both we Geshe shee bat one Shear we wreobn dos Leb Theeds, te Aha ont has The beth shosk Ie -4 ocafif A+ Ae —> f= oF Hes) {. = 8%o wR fro = BI mel Ke = 225 mak © -(spVp = 222 ku —e = BN, (Ho), Corpeoe “Palle B24 M20 —2 PV = Jue a 2400 2 aarlks = PACH). Vx Exams #2 4) for The Connection Crag 4, Cox fen he ney. (or Stherwnse) oe On rene (fone tenet a) od ovker ( [edunc Zmm thik C2), Tho blk of focalad cockrully Trend Te Pies wh an end chstarce(ae) “ Orn, Mucincum henslle the cometioy 4 = 440 Me, on Minin Ne xy <— N*® 222k : — De <—— b) ae to 1 and Con tack cespectvely, TRE 1.3) be vere cdlagne Cot tiermse DQ end-Asvhence ae)= a? [Aoke 413) ble nates | @ te #2! Seuctins STR O Ontos, hy Henssle Seathure, J yseha (mer PLY (Geckice) Bonn Wy (fehwe) Pir FORALL, | yheecpoar tf, = 0 frote feea) a “dN 2 as ae a Ny = 31Sky —p = Inn Ry (pola) Foun Poy (gold ios | tons * OF toy 142 3x0 = PN Baek —p 7 = Bape dys BL | cyoks + STER@ ; Check Ply bears hres Palace [Dem Py beeen. AL $32} (dp-t,) F O42 EUO * Zoxe17 ABU j= Bo kes ab ® bly Qa nm Wy (ew) PM> Pea fie(g-4) BoE xre _ Sofi as we S Ak Pry “fearoct“ fube, Vane Puy pl, Pato fy ea 0-4xe(Gbxi2) x teeo Dl = 237 ka — > * U5 cra Ne = ltl kw Conpere te leagt vafue Go Hepsi 2,3 “ Mivcpatin de fe-dabte a ee ae Wh kes - Bou Ry p4- pact fy = OF xCox20)x “YO ~p\y- 396 ka —> us foce =I 222 kw dite \ Mic nicer Copenty = 39h kn = NE hark Co Confirven Fopse RF, Cafe eomong could probally bay reduce al @ e «se Rot foretnes§ 9.1.3(b) Design Capacities of Commonly Used Bolts — Strength Limit State HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL BOLTS Perey 8.8/S, 88/18, 8.8/TF BOLTING CATEGORIES : TABLE 9.1.3(b): Design Capacities (fut = 830 MPa) [ Single Shear Plate Tearout in kN Bearing in kN ial | Threads | Threads Mp for fh & aot: $¥etor Bolt | Axial included jexcluded’ (forte * in Shear Pian | shear h=6 | h=8 | h=10| =12 6 | 8B | 10 | Plane 2 oN OVin_ | OV I Ni kN kN KN '35|40|45|35|40/45/35|40/45(35|40| 45. mis | tod | 593 | 827 190] ¢ 122 | 162 | 203 M20 | 163 | 926 129 | g3/95|to7/111/137\14alra9ltsali7aies| [rad 152 | 208 | 253 M24 234 | 183 186 h"_ 182 | 243 | 304 mao | 373 | 214. | 201 | 228 | 304 | 380 was | 541 [313 | 419) a> Aomin = 1.5 Ob __| 274 | 355 | 456 | o= o= 09 $= 08) sens | 8.8XiS fi = 440 MPa fuy = 440 MPa Note:The above table lists the design capacity of d ply in bearing for Grado 900 (f= 440 MPa) steel only. For stings and guidance on design capacities ir ply faiure in other grades of steel refer to Section 2.14. ‘thread excluded from shear plane —— —— — thread included in shear plane | 300 TNO ALE 0 50 100 150 200. 250 300 350 400 TENSION, Nf (kN) (le) Figure 9,1.3(b): Shear - Tension Interaction Diagram ocro2nvs-ts4- AISC:.DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 9-5 ANALYSK fe BELT Zhoule es 0) GANECrioNs Lenten “sy Roane” (D Cormections Leroen * Out-or_Rawe! © AN-Rme cennlecn Fn thes, cate, The lead sc pts only ow tek ne The betts bet ex: res by Capderction ae c ce creme in sng =p re mod STEAD — perenne a st" de dvect actiore ont oo Dro cc ba at ©) " | tes ic © +) hee MET a fee pol Fav the Ey pas, < ws ‘io pia ee ac [ER mom Pom Lett vets, oe ae Jo ku oh ME 2 42 knee. a Se CaleLati belt ghea deah Deer Aces. fe | The shear shes uc bk r oF ane t) end dish fee +)m* & ene Shreve Mechanics i foo | we . Mir c To 2.3 lot om shes -h Lone. “Vy = Mie zt Me 3 & Ser ~~ adic ethane eo walwates, - 2r= a4) : 1 oom Mg ME Ve ie | 2(eep) Sen) eongat ree ~) eed) [oe fs O BOR) = FE Sw ae « o Lesed ov Ne reo hip crewed More — tis will be Be ene al opectet wy value, X= ISP FS Y= ISO me A Muoge 4ax ese 2 Ble #4, 509 Vesey = fe On 2 fobs > AF So Skt @ Commie atl four shear Components dee The ck CrNteme elk, his Vee 2s Vem) = Bupha. Taha Gate bet are a SWsGee SHERE | Asgume Leth chads ae inckudod wi the cheer (one ( ‘@ &F N/s) for vag Paka —dte Mac /ees betks > Telke Vi ab (pie) + AVp, = GWulky kn We @N° Macleans bets aia (ee @ A) Ou-v¢ Pinte Bours ‘ecm fade a typeral odd} Iptene, Pane ae as 3 3 S Aetiow Say N® 120 kes. uu al . * ke, a M's ISo £8. Be V¥ = bo ka. g c beets og, batt gan (datn > ep hb) Phe [2m (e+ amex] rlaenas)] GN -TWe tySa~ (rows E ap beti- rom) 2 Ban Cheln ff bear), Tt beam acl n® rer oe en Nt Se kes s * Ms = Son vurfe Oy Kes se . CNet Hemost nm Connection = ISo— wy pees reece STEP ® Caledate belt seer, VF = bok. VE 2% = Pore ees — > GD SRD Cahedde QureX edt tegen oe eens Nie Be» debe poche StS) Clea bet Rano® dreds Memes fin Chad steer sha Wehatensship col be wed to Asta; NE Wel BeAb Ato (aux TA) +(2nxTid,) = 0 wee Ap USY-I% — Ge / a3SRen atk dj, x 358— Fo = haw CD aq, 03st) 4 aT, (osx) = eG “A oO MET, a oSPT = 1406 —e ak TT = ie —pP. 358 ASE Ee Te toe T Subrbttin, DHe (urgsTe)t OSH Tr > M046 one Th = leorka- Ts RR RSS RR © For cocheat (lye) bells ae 125 bes Par bk ste? Force, Liter Aches (pec belt) & Ne 12 +20 = ERK (Teron) EVE = Joka (sword) He es) —> i Akon Poeun ' (ae) “(Gey < lo ey Nae | es bats ;— a — AVp = WE ko ae 163 a | &) +(“2). 6

    You might also like