Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reemo Gas Traffic Impact Study
Reemo Gas Traffic Impact Study
By: __________________________________
Michael P. Spack, P.E., P.T.O.E.
License No. 40936
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 – Location Map .................................................................................. 2
Figure 3.1 – Existing Conditions at Study Intersections ................................. 3
Figure 4.1 – Trip Distribution ............................................................................. 6
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 – Existing Peak Hour Level of Service (LOS)1 .................................. 5
Table 4.1 – Traffic Generated by Development ................................................ 7
Table 5.1 – 2015 Level of Service (LOS)1 .......................................................... 8
Table 5.2 – Daily Traffic Volumes ...................................................................... 9
The site currently includes a gas station and convenience store with two pumps
that will be demolished as part of the project. For purposes of this study, it is
assumed the full development will be built and occupied in 2015.
Study
Area
Site
Location
Rice Street is classified as Ramsey County State Aid 49. It is a four lane,
undivided east-west road with a 30 mph speed limit near the site.
Existing traffic control and travel lanes are shown in Figure 3.1 for each
study intersection.
The a.m. peak hour was determined to be from 8:15 to 9:15 a.m. and the
p.m. peak hour was determined to be from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. The peak
hour volume turning movement count diagrams for each peak hour are
shown in each scenario’s Appendix.
c. Level of Service
LOS A An intersection capacity analysis was conducted for
the existing intersections per the Highway Capacity
Manual, 2010. Intersections are assigned a “Level
of Service” letter grade for the peak hour of traffic
based on the number of lanes at the intersection,
traffic volumes, and traffic control. Level of Service
LOS C A (LOS A) represents light traffic flow (free flow
conditions) while Level of Service F (LOS F)
represents heavy traffic flow (over capacity
conditions). LOS D at intersections is typically
considered acceptable in the Twin Cities region.
LOS D = Acceptable Individual movements are also assigned LOS
grades. One or more individual movements typically
operate at LOS F when the overall intersection is
operating acceptably at LOS D.
Source: City of
The LOS results for the existing study hours are
San Jose, CA shown in Table 3.1. These are based on the
existing traffic control and lane configurations as
shown in Figure 3.1. The existing turning movement volumes from the
Appendix were used in the LOS calculations. The LOS calculations were
done in accordance with the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 using
VISTROTM software. Signal cycle lengths were obtained through
observation and the splits were optimized for each Scenario with
VISTROTM software. The complete LOS calculations, which include
4. Projected Traffic
a. Site Traffic Forecasting
A trip generation analysis was performed for the development site based
on the methods and rates published in the ITE Trip Generation Manual, 9th
Edition. The resultant trip generation is shown in Table 4.1.
Deductions for pass-by trips (vehicles which are already on Rice Street or
Maryland Ave W and turn in/out of the site as part of their route) were
taken per the ITE Trip Generation Handbook, 2nd Edition. These are
shown in Table 4.1.
The site generated trips were then added to the study roadways through
the use of a trip distribution pattern as shown in Figure 4.1. The trip
distribution pattern shown in Figure 4.1 is based on existing traffic counts
as well as taking into account site access and access to the regional
transportation system. The traffic generated by the site development was
assigned to the area roadways per these distribution patterns. The peak
hour forecasts are shown in the Appendix under the capacity analysis
section for each study scenario.
c. Total Traffic
Traffic forecasts were developed for the Build Scenarios by adding the
traffic generated by the proposed development to the No-Build volumes as
well as subtracting out the volumes of the vehicles currently using the
existing site. The peak hour forecasts are shown in the Appendix under
the capacity analysis section for each study scenario.
AM Peak Hour
ITE DEVELOPMENT AM ENTER EXIT INTERNAL INTERNAL PASSBY PASSBY NEW TRIPS
LAND USE QUANTITY
CODE # UNITS RATE PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT TRIPS PERCENT TRIPS ENTER EXIT
Specialty Retail 826 1,000 GFA 1.8 6.84 48% 52% 0 0% 0 6 6
Convenience Market w/ Gas Pumps 853 Fuel Position 8.0 16.57 50% 50% 0 66% 87 23 23
Fast Food w/o Drive Thru 933 1,000 GFA 0.1 43.87 60% 40% 0 0% 0 3 2
TOTALS 0 87 32 31
Existing Gas Station 0 20 6 5
NET TOTALS 0 67 26 26
PM Peak Hour
ITE DEVELOPMENT PM ENTER EXIT INTERNAL INTERNAL PASSBY PASSBY NEW TRIPS
LAND USE QUANTITY
CODE # UNITS RATE PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT TRIPS PERCENT TRIPS ENTER EXIT
Specialty Retail 826 1,000 GFA 1.8 2.71 44% 56% 0 0% 0 2 3
Convenience Market w/ Gas Pumps 853 Fuel Position 8.0 19.07 50% 50% 0 66% 101 26 26
Fast Food w/o Drive Thru 933 1,000 GFA 0.1 26.15 51% 49% 0 0% 0 1 1
TOTALS 0 101 29 30
Existing Gas Station 0 46 12 12
NET TOTALS 0 55 17 18
NOTES:
1. GFA = Gross Floor Area
2. All trip generation rates based on "Trip Generation", Institute of Transportation Engineers, 9th Edition unless otherwise noted.
3. Reduction for internal trips (Internal Percent) is based on "Trip Generation Handbook", Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2nd Edition.
4. Reduction for pass-by trips (Passby Percent) is based on "Trip Generation Handbook", Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2nd Edition.
5. A.M. Trip Generation is for the peak hour of adjacent street traffic (one hour between 7 and 9 a.m.).
6. P.M. Trip Generation is for the peak hour of adjacent street traffic (one hour between 4 and 6 p.m.).
The LOS calculations were done using VISTROTM software and are based
on the peak hour forecasts in the Appendix for each scenario. Signal
cycle lengths were obtained through observation and the splits were
optimized for each Scenario with VISTROTM software. The complete LOS
calculations, which include grades and queues for individual movements,
are included in the Appendix.
b. Micro-Simulation Analysis
The Level of Service calculations based on the Highway Capacity Manual
do not always reflect the interaction of vehicles between intersections or
the long queues which can occur at traffic signals with long cycle lengths.
They also do not identify the benefits of a signal creating gaps at nearby
side street stop sign controlled intersections.
The stacking and delay results from the micro-simulation are contained in
the Appendix. These reports include measures of effectiveness for each
intersection movement (such as delay per vehicle in seconds, 95th
percentile queues and average queues). The micro-simulation analyses
predict the northbound and westbound queues at the Maryland Avenue &
Rice Street intersection will have an average queue length of 50 feet or
less. Based upon the future location of the development driveways, these
sized queues will not cause problems for vehicles entering/exiting the
development. All other queue lengths are predicted by the micro-
simulation analysis to be reasonably sized.
7. Appendix
a. Site Plan
b. Traffic Counts
c. Capacity Analysis Backup
Existing A.M. Peak Hour
Existing P.M. Peak Hour
2015 No-Build A.M. Peak Hour
2015 No-Build P.M. Peak Hour
2015 Build A.M. Peak Hour
2015 Build P.M. Peak Hour
d. Micro-Simulation Results
Grand Total 1233 4479 1051 243 7006 1258 3431 1158 238 6085 1415 4568 254 243 6480 387 3950 1213 211 5761 25332
Apprch % 17.6 63.9 15 3.5 20.7 56.4 19 3.9 21.8 70.5 3.9 3.8 6.7 68.6 21.1 3.7
Total % 4.9 17.7 4.1 1 27.7 5 13.5 4.6 0.9 24 5.6 18 1 1 25.6 1.5 15.6 4.8 0.8 22.7
Cars + 1179 4295 1007 204 6685 1186 3264 1101 214 5765 1356 4367 209 213 6145 341 3775 1154 188 5458 24053
% Cars + 95.6 95.9 95.8 84 95.4 94.3 95.1 95.1 89.9 94.7 95.8 95.6 82.3 87.7 94.8 88.1 95.6 95.1 89.1 94.7 95
Trucks 54 184 44 39 321 72 167 57 24 320 59 201 45 30 335 46 175 59 23 303 1279
% Trucks 4.4 4.1 4.2 16 4.6 5.7 4.9 4.9 10.1 5.3 4.2 4.4 17.7 12.3 5.2 11.9 4.4 4.9 10.9 5.3 5
569
10110
10679
59
1154
1213
Right Thru
Total
1258 3431
1186 3264
Left
6416
6138
Out
72
278
North
Maryland Ave
175
341 3775
387 3950
Maryland Ave
167
303
5458
5761
5/23/2013 06:00 AM
In
6085
5765
5/23/2013 06:45 PM
In
320
46
Left Peds
1158
1101
Cars +
57
266
4652
4918
Trucks
12501
11903
Out
Total
23
188
211
598
238
214
24
Left Thru Right Peds
209 4367 1356 213
45 201 59 30
254 4568 1415 243
Delay
ID Intersection Name Control Type Method Worst Mvmt V/C LOS
(s/veh)
1 Maryland Ave & Rice St Signalized HCM2010 SBL 0.607 19.5 B
2 Maryland Ave & Site Driveway Two-way stop HCM2010 NBL 0.171 21.0 C
3 Rice St & Site Driveway Two-way stop HCM2010 WBL 0.115 20.5 C
V/C, Delay, LOS: For two-way stop, these values are taken from the movement with the worst (highest) delay value; for
all other control types, they are taken for the whole intersection.
Intersection Setup
Name
Approach Northbound Southbound Eastbound Westbound
Lane Configuration
Turning Movement Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
Lane Width [ft] 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
No. of Lanes in Pocket 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Pocket Length [ft] 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 250.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Speed [mph] 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00
Grade [%] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Crosswalk yes yes yes yes
Volumes
Name
Base Volume Input [veh/h] 24 674 179 75 344 117 164 569 35 102 328 125
Base Volume Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Heavy Vehicles Percentage [%] 2 2 2 2
Growth Rate 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02
In-Process Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Site-Generated Trips [veh/h] 1 4 0 4 4 0 0 4 1 0 4 4
Diverted Trips [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pass-by Trips [veh/h] 2 -9 0 5 -5 0 0 -4 4 0 -2 9
Existing Site Adjustment Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Right-Turn on Red Volume [veh/h] 0 0 46 0 0 30 0 0 10 0 0 35
Total Hourly Volume [veh/h] 27 682 137 86 350 89 167 580 31 104 337 106
Peak Hour Factor 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300
Other Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Total 15-Minute Volume [veh/h] 7 183 37 23 94 24 45 156 8 28 91 28
Total Analysis Volume [veh/h] 29 733 147 92 376 96 180 624 33 112 362 114
Pedestrian Volume [ped/h] 0 0 0 0
Bicycle Volume [bicycles/h] 0 0 0 0
Intersection Settings
Control Type Permissi Permissi Permissi Permissi Permissi Permissi Protecte Permissi Permissi Protecte Permissi Permissi
Signal Group 0 8 0 0 4 0 5 2 0 1 6 0
Lead / Lag - - - - - - Lead - - Lead - -
Minimum Green [s] 0 5 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0
Maximum Green [s] 0 40 0 0 40 0 5 50 0 5 50 0
Amber [s] 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0
All red [s] 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 0.0
Split [s] 0 54 0 0 54 0 10 26 0 10 26 0
Vehicle Extension [s] 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0
Walk [s] 0 7 0 0 7 0 0 7 0 0 7 0
Pedestrian Clearance [s] 0 14 0 0 14 0 0 14 0 0 14 0
l1, Start-Up Lost Time [s] 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 0.0
l2, Clearance Lost Time [s] 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0
Minimum Recall no no no yes no yes
Maximum Recall no no no no no no
Pedestrian Recall no no no no no no
Detector Location [ft] 0.0 120.0 0.0 0.0 120.0 0.0 10.0 120.0 0.0 10.0 120.0 0.0
Detector Length [ft] 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 6.0 6.0 0.0 6.0 6.0 0.0
Lane Group C C C C L C C L C C
Gp, Minimum Pedestrian Timing [s] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
L, Total Lost Time per Cycle [s] 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
l1_p, Permitted Start-Up Lost Time [s] 2.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
l2, Clearance Lost Time [s] 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 3.00 3.00
g_i, Effective Green Time [s] 30 30 30 30 29 19 19 29 19 19
g / C, Green / Cycle 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.41 0.28 0.28 0.41 0.27 0.27
(v / s)_i Volume / Saturation Flow Rate 0.29 0.29 0.33 0.29 0.16 0.23 0.13 0.11 0.17 0.10
s, saturation flow rate [veh/h] 1512 1441 301 1471 1057 1676 1635 949 1676 1498
c, Capacity [veh/h] 719 633 230 646 464 471 459 385 455 406
d1, Uniform Delay [s] 14.70 15.23 24.34 15.30 14.11 23.33 20.59 14.56 22.11 20.48
k, delay calibration 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.46 0.11 0.11
d2, Incremental Delay [s] 0.82 1.15 1.51 1.17 0.47 4.15 0.76 1.59 1.45 0.60
d3, Initial Queue Delay [s] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Rp, platoon ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
PF, progression factor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
X, volume / capacity 0.60 0.65 0.43 0.66 0.36 0.84 0.47 0.27 0.63 0.39
d, Delay for Lane Group [s/veh] 15.51 16.38 25.85 16.46 14.58 27.48 21.35 16.15 23.55 21.08
Lane Group LOS B B C B B C C B C C
Critical Lane Group no no yes no no yes no yes no no
95th %ile Back of Queue [veh] 8.32 8.32 2.76 8.56 2.91 10.23 5.10 1.97 7.23 3.63
95th %ile Back of Queue [ft] 208.00 207.99 68.99 214.12 72.67 255.83 127.59 49.34 180.68 90.70
d_M, Delay for Movement [s/veh] 15.51 15.86 16.38 25.85 16.80 16.46 14.58 25.51 21.35 16.15 23.18 21.08
Movement LOS B B B C B B B C C B C C
d_A, Approach Delay [s/veh] 15.94 18.22 23.00 21.44
Approach LOS B B C C
d_I, Intersection Delay [s/veh] 19.53
Intersection LOS B
Intersection V/C 0.607
Sequence
Ring 1 1 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Ring 2 5 6 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Ring 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Ring 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Intersection Setup
Name
Approach Northbound Eastbound Westbound
Lane Configuration
Volumes
Name
Base Volume Input [veh/h] 5 21 810 13 10 550
Base Volume Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Heavy Vehicles Percentage [%] 2 2 2
Growth Rate 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02
In-Process Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Site-Generated Trips [veh/h] 8 7 0 8 7 0
Diverted Trips [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pass-by Trips [veh/h] 17 16 -16 17 10 -10
Existing Site Adjustment Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Right-Turn on Red Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Hourly Volume [veh/h] 30 44 810 38 27 551
Peak Hour Factor 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300
Other Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Total 15-Minute Volume [veh/h] 8 12 218 10 7 148
Total Analysis Volume [veh/h] 32 47 871 41 29 592
Pedestrian Volume [ped/h] 0 0 0
Bicycle Volume [bicycles/h] 0 0 0
Intersection Settings
V/C, Movement V/C Ratio 0.17 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.01
d_M, Delay for Movement [s/veh] 20.96 20.96 0.00 0.00 9.75 0.00
Movement LOS C C A A A A
d_A, Approach Delay [s/veh] 20.96 0.00 0.46
Approach LOS C A A
d_I, Intersection Delay [s/veh] 1.21
Intersection Setup
Name
Approach Northbound Southbound Westbound
Lane Configuration
Volumes
Name
Base Volume Input [veh/h] 873 10 3 478 4 4
Base Volume Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Heavy Vehicles Percentage [%] 2 2 2
Growth Rate 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02
In-Process Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Site-Generated Trips [veh/h] 0 7 5 0 7 5
Diverted Trips [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pass-by Trips [veh/h] -19 19 9 -10 10 12
Existing Site Adjustment Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Right-Turn on Red Volume [veh/h] 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Hourly Volume [veh/h] 871 36 17 478 21 21
Peak Hour Factor 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300 0.9300
Other Adjustment Factor 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Total 15-Minute Volume [veh/h] 234 10 5 128 6 6
Total Analysis Volume [veh/h] 937 39 18 514 23 23
Pedestrian Volume [ped/h] 0 0 0
Bicycle Volume [bicycles/h] 0 0 0
Intersection Settings
V/C, Movement V/C Ratio 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.12 0.04
d_M, Delay for Movement [s/veh] 0.00 0.00 9.94 0.00 20.50 20.50
Movement LOS A A A A C C
d_A, Approach Delay [s/veh] 0.00 0.34 20.50
Approach LOS A A C
d_I, Intersection Delay [s/veh] 0.71
Avg Number Avg Delay per Avg Queue 95%ile Queue 95%ile Queue
Node Approach Movement
of Vehicles Vehicle (s) Length (ft) Length (ft) Length (vehicles)
Left 24 27.9
NB Through 675 17.2 50 163 7
Right 186 13.3
Left 166 14.6
EB Through 570 16.8 32 104 4
Right 39 14.8
1 Left 93 135.8
SB Through 353 24.4 95 170 7
Right 111 14.6
Left 106 12.3
WB Through 333 15.7 23 81 3
Right 140 10.3
All All 2796 20.8 -- -- --
Left 24 29
NB 5 36 2
Right 45 10.9
Through 804 0.2
EB 0 0 0
2 Right 46 0.3
Left 27 6
WB 0 0 0
Through 556 0.3
All All 1502 1.1 -- -- --
Through 864 3.1
NB 6 51 2
Right 39 2.7
Left 12 5
SB 0 0 0
3 Through 487 0.1
Left 19 11.7
WB 1 14 1
Right 22 10.4
All All 1443 2.3 -- -- --
OVERALL All All 5741 11 -- -- --