vent 2 Dom revolucie u Niksi¢u ‘4 Adaptacia icekonstruleija Domarevolucijeu Nikéity sloten je zadatek koj tradi novi tip arhitektonske imaginaclje Rijet je ¢ potpunom struktumom i programskom preoblikevanju nasijedenog,nikada dov3erog megaprojekta koji je vee i vijeme svog nastanka bio ekscentigno ambiciozan nadlazio jerealne potrebe ne samo lokaine ajedhice iCrne Gore, nego verojatro i itave lugosiavije Na lojnatin se suotiti snedo- vefenim kompleksom éijsurasoz ingrednjenestli zajsdnos rnestankom sistema kojigaeinicirao? Kako se suotiti snizom disproporciakojekarakterizitaju projekt, akajse danasnalazi \ sasvim promijenjenom druitverom kontekstu? RojeKr 4 Dom revolucje rasta kao svojevesta avantura koja je naprezala i materjalre i organitaciske resurse. Svo- jevolno ili ne. u tq) je avanturi partcinirala citava cruftvena 2ajednieafnancirajuelizgradnju pater samodoprinosa, Sva- kcaho, projekt je mogao emanirati optimiza, pa i svojevrsno samopauzdanje koje je takav projekt utada prosperitetnonn, ‘bi bees gona 208 Home of Revolution in Niksi¢ sage pheosrants 3 bantu hie Spices Coutesy Fee ae nical renvecony liber Coury ofeanananen 0) Simonkaremn se ‘ Adaptation and reconstruction of te Home of Revolution NikSié makes a complex task tht requires a new type of tecturl imagination. tis acomplete structural and prog transformation af the inheritedand rever completedmega ject, which was 2t the time ofits ofgin, extremely ambit and exceeded the real needs of not oniy the lecal corn or the staze of Moncenegro, but probabiy the whole YYagoslavie. What would be the best way of facing the wt ished complex, the motivation for te construction of disappeared together withthe dsappeararce ofthe system’ initiased it? How to deal with the cevis of disproportions define the project that is row situatedinacomplesaly social contexs? project §The Home of Revolution appeared as 2 kit an adventure that exhausted material and organ resources, The whole community garticipated in this ture through the contributions they had been oblise ir pozicie oerferije trebao afr turban centar. incencije ra pri pogled izgledeju progresivne: U stedistu grada i2voci se megapalata s javnim i kulturnim sadrzajima kojgj je teks nad pandan iu internacionainom kontekstu.¢ Zadatal je govjeren Marku Musiéu,stovenskorn arhitekto srednje generacije, vee potvrderom grojeitime Spemen-doma u Kalaginu, Uriverstets u Shapliv i érugima U tim radovima Musigewu arkitekturu karakterizira formalne rurama te bujni arhitekwonskijeatk v dubu Brutalistitkogmanirizama. U Demy je od princina pestavianja georteti keg sistema koji organizra €xavu serulturu te osmidjakolad ko) usied svoje golemost i bujanja ops Merzbou. Unjeste naglaéeni os! i simetriéne organizaciie restore u Skoplu,nalezimeniz prosternih sek eksoresinnostbaziana na geometrjskim s rev uit of 2 postaje golem cjisu, primjerice, snazno prisatni kod Univercitete i koje sutemasvaka rake The project was to create optimism, even the feelng of confidence For the prosperous and industrialised Niksi¢ of the time. The constructionof the Home of Revelution should ave concluded the periad of extensive modernisation of th town atthe periphery and affirm ‘ve, At frst sight, te intentions seem progressive: a mega palace with the public and cultural programme that could rat have been surpasted inthe international context ws be built i the centre of the tow’ Marko Muli, a Slovenian archtes slready establishes by the projet in Kolin, University in Skopje, {The task was given ts of the middle ger ie the Memortal Centre in these works, Mut architeczute is characterised bya formal expression based on vctures and a lavish architectural language of brutalst manirieme, Inthe aroject forthe Home of Revolution, geometrical system that dacollage| We geometrical inquisted the principl eanc.cresWo ~ reli, Wit cna NRE, Morena, 7h sect, esi il eins v8. rata. a 23 sebe, U projeltu pronalazine i reakeje na tade aktualina intemacicnalna istradivenja poput zavolitog staklenog zida uz tr kojje analogen Stilingovoj Neve Staatsgalerie uStut gartu, projekvizangj visto rime. Dom revolucljee prijlazri trenutak u Muiigevoj ahitekturi, aii arhitekturi uJugostavi specifiéne lokane iratice modernizma hiridzirajs se s pos- ‘tmodernim tendenciiams. SCULTLLRNI KOMPLEKS UMJESTO SPOW ENIKA (IL! OBRNUTO}: 1 U kalvom druftvenom kon: tekstu nastaje Oom revelucje? U jugosavij1970-ih godina APOTEDZA MODERNIZK afk argarisation Skopje, in the project f tal sequences, each with ther awn theme. The proj ‘eves reactions to the then current international ke the curving glass wall that faces the square, wi analogous to the Stsing’s Neve designed st the sar terse the University in ere isa series cf spa- also arch, sgalerie in Stutgart lome of Revolution was @ transitional moment in Musi’ architecture, as well as the a ism were lybriised with post-modern tendencies. itecture of Yugoslavia: specificlocal verants of medern-ik faze B, D, E, LA poslijeratna modernizacje konceptualna je zakliugenasrea~ liziran’ su novi gradov,igradena je infrastrukcurasocjalnih sadrEsja, iskuane su nove tipologie programskihibrignih kultumin centara, iggraden je ogroman broj seomenike. revoluciji.. Naznaéainiji veliki projekti1970-h u Jagosaviji suosnevisuintemacionalri turetidhi kemplelsi, Sava centar u Beogradu, Stadion Poljud u Split, sjditta velixin kom= panija Energoprojekt u Beograd, INA u Zagrebu)...Kako u tom novom urbanam i simbolizkom pejzadu reprezentiati udomiti revolucju, kako joj nati arhitektonsk i program= ski oblik? Uspostavja se veé provjerena Formula: spomenik = kulturna instiwucija, a jena golemost kao da se natjece snovim alterima drustvenag i urtanog Zivota. Program ski, kempleks iasta iz Felje dase tradi revolucije edr3i vom kroz aktine sadriaje, kroz hultur, kroz projekt Koj 4 istovremeno bit ipriznanjerevaiueiiirevelucianinarime te pollon gradanima Nikéai Cone Gore No, probleme sto UNkSi€u ne gosto kulzurn insitutja kao Sto ne posta ni CULTURAL COMPLEX INSTEAD OF A MONUMENT (08 Wick VERSA): APOTHEDSIS OF MODERNIZATION % What was the secial contest lkein the period when the Home of Revolution was being built? Inthe 1970s in Yugosiavia, the post-war mod- cemisaton was conceptually finalised: new cites were set up, the infrastructure of socal services was built, new typologies cof hybsid cultural cenives were tested and a huge number of monuments to revolution was constructed. The most signifi- cant project of the 19705 were basicaly international: tour- ism comple, Sava Centrein Belgrace, the Poljd stadium in Split, centres of big companies Energoprojektin Belgrade, wa inZageeb)..What wasthe best way ofrepresenting orhousing ‘the Revolution inthis urban and symbolica landscape? What was its architectural form and the shape of the programme? ‘van akeady established formula was set: monument = cultural institution. ts massiveness almost seemed to competewithehe new participants of the socal ard urtan life. The programme ofthe complex resultec from the dese to keep the tradition Wate Mui dom revs sie. ra on, 1978.= 985, leet prog tata iowtael jena fire ergaiih ‘aa wi ii erereg, gett foo fier wating enge esd ontneongral easingsHerojska revoluc proglost petrificira se u mit ko, arna po Za izgradnju novih o drustvenosti aje prevelik Heroic revolutionary past is being shaped into a myth that is becoming too large a burden for the construction of new shapes of social activity ofthe evalution alive chreugh active cutural offers project that would be a tibutezo the revolution and revolutionaries, 2s wllasagiftto the citizens of Niki and Montenegro, However, the preblem was that there was neither a cultural institution in Niki, nora scape of cultural production that could have satistied the ambitions of the pranned monument. Moreover, in the 1970s, progressive culture wes no longer represented nly by big theatre productions or art entibitions the whole Ygosliva dead entered the stage of researchof new artistic forms of performance, conceptual art and experimental theatre, vbich no longer requited temples of culture, From our curent the idea of using this hybrid of eulturl, edueae perspex tional and other programmes, whose scale surpassed Nigie, Montenegre and probably the whole Yugoslavia, seems com pletely vague. What progremmes and events vere suppesed to take place in this huge area? What institutions and social ‘groups ivereto use and inhabit the comples? The ides thatthe Construction ofthe building would encourage cultural lie is ‘questinable and evendogmatie;the investment intobuleings should follow and not precede the investment into institutions ard indviduals ito creative... The ceator ofthe Home only sezmed to have the idea ofthe anthesis ofthe eacition ofthe revolution and the cul nd political daly lif. its hard to