PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS

A
ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISM
- PULSATING ABDOMINAL MASS
ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
- PAINFUL BLEEDING, BOARD-LIKE ABDOMEN
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
- AZOTEMIA, UREMIC FROST ON SKIN
ADDISON’S DISEASE
- BRONZE PIGMENTATION OF SKIN
ANGINA PECTORIS
- PAIN UPON EXERTION
APPENDICITIS
- MC BURNEY’S SIGN
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT
- MURMUR HEARD HIGH ON CHEST
AUTISM
- ROCKING, SPINNING, ROUTINES

B
BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
- GRAYISH WHITE DISCHARGES
BASILAR FRACTURE
- RACCOON’S EYE
BREECH BIRTH
- MECONIUM STAINING
BULIMIA NERVOSA
- BINGE EATING

C
CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
- CHERRY PINK FLUSHED FACE, CARBON IN THE SECRETIONS,
NON-PRODUCTIVE COUGH
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
- JACK HAMMER SYNDROME (TINEL’S SIGN)
CATARACT
- CLOUDY VISION
CELIAC DISEASE
- GLUTEN SENSITIVITY, FOUL SMELLING STOOL
CHICKEN POX
- MACULOPAPULAR RASH
CHOLERA
- RICE WATER STOOLS
CHRON’S DISEASE
- COBBLESTONE SIGN
COLIC
- PULLING UP OF ARMS AND LEGS, RED-FACED CRYING
CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA
– ORTOLANI’S SIGN, BARLOW’S SIGN, GALEAZI’S SIGN
COPD
- BARREL CHEST, CLUBBING OF FINGERS
CUSHING’S SYNDROME
- MOON FACE, BUFFALO HUMP
CVA
- HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA
CYSTOCELE & RECTOCELE
- FEELING OF FULLNESS AT VAGINA
D
DELIRIUM
- RECENT AND PAST MEMORY DEFECT
DEMENTIA
- RECALL OR LEARNING MEMORY IMPAIRMENT

DETACHED RETINA
- FLASHES OF LIGHT, SHADOW/ CURTAIN ACROSS THE VISION
DM
- POLYDIPSIA, POLYURIA, POLYPHAGIA
DIPTHERIA
- PSEUDOMEMBRANE
DIVERTICULAR DISEASE
- CRAMPING, COLICKY PAIN IN LEFT LOWER ABDOMINAL
QUADRANT
DOWN SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21)
- SADDLE NOSE, BRUSHFIELD’S SPOTS

E
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
- CULLEN SIGN
ENDOMETRIOSIS
- PREMENSTRUAL PAIN DECREASING AS MENSTRUAL FLOW
DECREASES

F
FAILURE TO THRIVE (FTT)
- “RADAR GAZE”

G
GERD
- BARRET ESOPHAGUS
GLAUCOMA
- HALOS AROUND THE LIGHT, TUNNEL VISION
GRAVE’S DISEASE
- EXOPTHALMIA, JEFFREY’S SIGN, DALYRIMPLE’S SIGN

H
HEMOPHILIA
- HEMARTHOSES
HEPATIC DISEASE
- ASTERIXIS, JAUNDICE
HIRSCHPRUNG’S DISEASE
- RIBBON-LIKE, FOUL SMELLING STOOL
H-MOLE
- GRAPELIKE GROWTH, LARGE ABDOMEN
HYDROCEPHALUS
- SETTING SUN EYES, BOSSING’S SIGN
HYPOCALCEMIA
- TROUSSEAU SIGN, CHVOSTEK SIGN, HYPERREFLEXIA

I
INCREASED ICP
- HIGH PITCH CRY
INCREASED IOP
- DOLL’S EYE
INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
- NO PASSAGE OF MECONIUM
INTUSSUSCEPTION
- CURRANT-JELLY STOOL
IDA
- ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE
K
KAWASAKI
- STRAWBERRY TONGUE
KLEIBSIELLA PNEUMONIA
- RED GELATINOUS SPUTUM

L
LEFT-SIDED HEART FAILURE
- PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
- LESS THAN 2.5KG OR 5 1/2LBS
LYME DISEASE
- RED-TINGED CIRCULAR RASH (ERYTHEMA CHRONICUM
MIGRANS); BULL’S EYE

M
MALARIA
- BLACKWATER FEVER
MENIERE’S DISEASE
- WHIRLING VERTIGO, TINNITUS
MENINGITIS
- KERNIG’S SIGN, BRUDZINSKI’S SIGN
MONILIASIS
- WHITE “CHEESY” DISCHARGE
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
- DESCENDING WEAKNESS, CHARCOT’S SIGN (INTENTION
TREMOR, NYSTAGMUS, SCANNING SPEECH)
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
- NASAL SMILE
MYCOPLASMAL PNEUMONIA
- NONPRODUCTIVE THAT PROGRESSES TO MUCOID SPUTUM
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
- LEVINE SIGN, VISELIKE OR CRUSHING PAIN RADIATING TO
SHOULDER, ARMS, JAW OR BACK

O
OPTHALMIA NEONATORUM
- PURULENT CONJUNCTIVITIS
ORAL THRUSH
- WHITE PATCHES ON TONGUE
OSTEOPOROSIS
- KYPHOSIS
OTOSCLEROSIS
- RINGING OR BUZZING, LONGER BONE CONDUCTION THAN AIR
CONDUCTION

P
PANCREATITIS
- STEATORRHEA
PDA
- MACHINERY-TYPE MURMUR THROUGHOUT THE HEARTBEAT IN
THE LEFT 2ND OR 3RD INTERSPACE
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
- PILL ROLLING, BRADYKINESIA, RIGIDITY
PERITONITIS
- BOARD-LIKE ABDOMEN
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
- BEEFY RED TONGUE
PERTUSSIS
- PAROXYSMAL COUGH ENDING WITH A WHOOP
PID
- FEVER, VAGINAL DISCHARGES, LOWER ABDOMINAL
CRAMPING
PKU
- BLUE EYES
PLACENTA PREVIA
- PAINLESS BRIGHT RED BLEEDING
PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA
- PURULENT RUSTY SPUTUM
PNEUMOTHORAX (FLAIL CHEST)
- PARADOXICAL RESPIRATION – LOOSE CHEST SEGMENT MOVES
INWARD DURING RESPIRATION AND OUTWARD DURING
EXPIRATION
PIH
- EDEMA, PROTEINURIA, HYPERTENSION
PLACENTAL SEPARATION
- CALKIN’S SIGN
PRETERM INFANT
- 36 WEEKS OR LESS
PROLAPSE UTERUS
- PELVIC HEAVINESS
PULMONARY EMBOLISM
- SUDDEN DYSPNEA, SHARP PLEURITIC PAIN
PYLORIC STENOSIS
- PROJECTILE VOMITING, NON BILE STAINED VOMITUS

R
RABIES
- HYDROPHOBIA
RETINOBLASTOMA
- DIMINISHED VISION, STRABISMUS, RETINAL DETACHMENT,
ABNORMAL PUPILLARY REFLEX, CAT’S EYES
RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE
- SYSTEMIC MANIFESTATION
ROCKY-MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER
- ROSE COLORED MACULES
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)
- FORESCHIMER’S SPOT (SMALL RED MACULES ON SOFT PALATE)
RUBEOLA (MEASLES)
- KOPLIK SPOTS

S
SCHIZOPHRENIA
- ASSOCIATION, AFFECT, AMBIVALENCE, AUTISTIC THINKING
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
- “PAINFUL EPISODES” OR “VASO-OCCLUSIVE CRISIS”
STAPHYLOCCOCAL PNEUMONIA
- YELLOW-BLOOD STREAKED SPUTUM
SIDS
- FROTHY, BLOOD-TINGED FLUID FILLS MOUTH AND NOSE
SYPHILIS
- CHANCRE ON GENITALIA, MOUTH, ANUS
SLE
- BUTTERFLY RASH ON FACE

T
TETANUS (LOCKJAW)
- SPASMS
TOF
- PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS, RVH, OVERRIDING OF THE
AORTA, VSD
THROMBOPHLEBITIS
- HOMAN’S SIGN
TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA
- COUGHING, CHOKING, CYANOSIS
TRICHOMONIASIS
- MALODOROUS THIN YELLOW DISCHARGES
TYPHOID FEVER
- ROSE-COLORED PAPULES ON THE ABDOMEN
TUBERCULOSIS
- LOW GRADE FEVER, NIGHT SWEATS, HEMOPTYSIS

U
ULCERATIVE COLITIS
- BLOODY, WATERY, PURULENT, MUCOID STOOLS

V
VARICOSITIES
- TORTOUS VEINS
VSD
- LOW, HARSH MURMUR HEARD THROUGHOUT SYSTOLE