DEFINE
Acceleration rate of change of velocity
electric p.d energy (transformed)(from electrical to other forms) / charge
the coulomb (coulomb is) ampere second
the Young modulus Young modulus = stress / strain
the ohm ohm is volt per ampere or volt / ampere
density. (density =) mass / volume
electric field strength. force per unit positive charge
pressure. force / area (normal to the force)
velocity change of displacement / time (taken)
the frequency of a sound wave. frequency is the number of vibrations/oscillations per unit time
electromotive force (e.m.f.) energy transformed from chemical to electrical / unit charge (driven around a complete circuit)
strain. (strain =) extension / original length
the moment of a force. force × perpendicular distance (of line of action of force) to/from a point
power work (done) / time (taken) OR energy (transferred) / time (taken)
stress force / (cross-sectional) area
the volt joule / coulomb
force. rate of change of momentum
power work (done) / time (taken)
linear momentum (momentum =) mass × velocity
resistance potential difference / current
EXPLAIN
quantised. In relation to charge charge exists only in discrete amounts
gravitational potential energy the energy to do work of a mass that is stored due to its position/height in a gravitational field
kinetic energy kinetic energy is energy/ability to do work a object/body/mass has due to its speed/velocity
centre of gravity the point from where (all) the weight (of a body) seems to act
work done force × distance moved in the direction of the force
diffracted waves. waves spread at (each) slit/gap
coherent waves constant phase difference (between (each of) the waves)
interference. the sum/addition/combination of the displacements of overlapping/meeting waves
STATE WHAT IS MENT BY…………….
gravitational potential energy energy of a mass due to its position in a gravitational field
work done force × distance moved in the direction of the force
elastic potential energy. the energy (stored) in a body due to its extension/compression/deformation/change in shape/size
a transverse wave. Displacement of particles perpendicular to direction of energy propagation
STATE WHAT IS MENT BY….
principle of superposition. waves meet (at a point) AND (resultant) displacement is sum of the individual displacements
electric current. movement / flow of charge carriers
Newton’s 2nd law of motion (resultant) force proportional/equal to rate of change of momentum
longitudinal wave vibrations (of the particles/wave) are parallel to the direction of energy propagation
Pof C of momentum sum/total momentum before = sum/total momentum after
Hooke’s law Force is proportional to extension/compression (provided proportionality limit not exceeded)
frequency of a wave the number of oscillations per unit time of the source/of a point on the wave
diffraction of a wave wave incident on/passes by or through a gap/edge+wave spreads (into geometrical shadow)
2 conditions for an object to be in resultant force (in any direction) is zero AND
equilibrium. resultant moment/torque (about any point) is zero
Kirchhoff’s second law total e.m.f.s = total potential differences or p.d.s around a loop/(closed) circuit
Kirchhoff’s first law. sum of current(s) into junction = sum of current(s) out of junction
precision precision is determined by the range in the measurements/values/readings/data/results
Newton’s first law of motion a body stays (at rest or) at constant/uniform velocity unless acted on by a resultant force
conditions for the formation of a (two) waves travelling (at same speed) in opposite directions overlap waves (are same type and) have same
stationary wave frequency/wavelength
scalar/vector quantity a scalar has magnitude (only) / vector has magnitude and direction
mass of a body. property (of a body/object) resisting changes in motion OR quantity of matter
Period of a progresive wave time for one oscillation
Displacement “ “ “ “ distance (in a specified direction of particle/point on wave) from the equilibrium position
amplitude. “ “ “ “ the maximum distance (of particle/point on wave) from the equilibrium position
Wavelength “ “ “ “ minimum distance between two wavefronts
Relation betw intensity and Amplitude of a wave = intensity if proportional to amplitude squared
kinetic energy energy (of a mass/body/object) due to motion/speed/velocity
principle of superposition when (two or more) waves meet (at a point) (resultant) displacement is the sum of the individual displacements
coherent. constant phase difference (between the waves)
electric field. region (of space) where a force acts on a (stationary) charge
Mass property of an object that experiences a force when the object is placed in a gravitational field
charge property of an object that experiences a force when the object is placed in a electric field
Newton’s third law of motion force on body A (by body B) is equal (in magnitude) to force on body B (by body A) (force of the same type)
antinode of the stationary wave. position where) maximum amplitude
DESCRIBE……
Doppler effect. change/difference in the observed/apparent frequency when the source is moving (relative to the observer
high precision the measurements have a small range
low accuracy the (average of the) measurements is not close to the true value
