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    Grade 8 Mathematics

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    oris

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    x CopyofMathemat.. [Q £& International School 5 INTERACTIVE MATHS In-Depth Perception on Maths a Our Vision We at AMAIS believe that academic excellence and premium education should be accessible to students across all backgrounds. Our Mission We, the staff at AMA International School Bahrain are committed to educating the whole person. We aim to provide a balanced education which enables each student to fulfill his or her potential in all areas of growth - intellectually, physically, emotionally, spiritually and socially and empowers them to become the person they can and want to be. We realized the importance of students becoming critical thinkers who can take care of themselves and compassionately care for others, thus taking an active, responsible part in shaping our society and saving our world. OjPage Acknowledgment Britus education has been dedicated to provide students affordable, inclusive and diverse education. This book has been designed to meet the challenges of students and parents needs in current circumstances. Thanks to Ms. Bushra for providing us this vision to support our students. 1|Page Table of Contents [Ene Pod Chapter 1. Congruence and similarity Topic |: Congruence and transformations 4 \Topic 2: Congruence 2 Topic 3: similarity and transformations 3 Topic 4: properties of similar figures 4 Topic 5 : Similar triangles and indirect measurement 5 Topic 6 : Slope and similar triangles 6 Topic 7 : Area and perimeter of similar figures T Chapter 2. Volume and surface area Topic |: Volume of cylinders 8 | Topic 2: Volume of cones 9 Topic 3: Volume of spheres 10 Topic 4 : Volume of hemisphere 1 Topic 5 : Volume of a composite figure 12 2|Page Topic 6 : Surface area of cylinders 13 Topic 7 : Surface area of cones 14 Topic 8: Changes in dimensions ‘Chapter3. Scatter plots and data Analysis 15 Topic I: Scatter plots Topic I: Scatter plots Topic 3: Two way tables 7 18 Topic 4; Descriptive Statics Topic 5: Five number summary 20 Topic 6: descriptive statics 2 Topic 7: measures of variation 3) Page Learning Outcomes: Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Topic I: Congruence and Transformations HS = Congruence Solve real life related word "if two figures are congruent ,their corresponding sides ee ela are congruent and their corresponding angles are congruent E A DSU D ngruen c B cel ey Example Determine the transformation in this figure then choose PPT MUR CeCe the correct answer rea mtr] 2 s Tene ue Reena c. 5 LTT] A 4 2, PONE R UE cs Clay = aie a and rotations create congruent nm ae eed E =; & 4 4|Page Learning Outcomes: Cre Cen eee aul) Pee CRE Clie) Pu cunie Re iT] COV Poy with Reker teas our Pen er ir nC mC CULL Cee ane et eid Cte aed Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Topic 2 : Congruences In the figure EFG is congruent LMN. Find the value of x and y then describe the transformations that map EFG onto LMN Skills 1.Draw one example of corresponding parts of congruent figures. Explain the corresponding parts. 2. Parallelogram A is congruent to parallelogram Z. Write congruence statements comparing the corresponding parts. Then determine which transformations map parallelogram A onto parallelogram Z Learning Outcomes: ee ek pt of the ae , Mampi a Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Dee aN eer ie Topic 3: Similarity and transformations Sa Rec neene Similarity Solve real life related word problems Ey ‘Two figures are similar if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of transformations and dilations Similar figures have the Same shape ,but may have different sizes. DC aud Sees a rt with Determine if the two figures are similar by using transtormations. Explain your reasoning. 1. PCR ce eu d Pee OE ed Ose Cea mr eo - EN Rete Sa rus Cur ure Rat rc) f-\ bb ela ara aed ‘3. What type of transiormation produces a figure that is not congruent to the original figure? 6| Learning Outcomes: hr erorag Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Topic 4: Properties of similar polygon Polygons that have the same shape are called similar polygons Ce tet eae or The parts of similar figures are called similar parts If two polygons are similar then 1. their corresponding angles are congruent 2, the measures of their corresponding sides are proportional CNM Curd Figures that are similar (~) have the same shape but not Skills 1. Find the missing measure x 30 2.The scale factor from the model of a human inner ear to the actual ear is 55.2 If one of the bones of the model is 8.25 centimeters long, how long is the actual bone in a human ear? 7|Page Learning Outcomes: Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity es Rute Rely Topic 5: Similar triangles and indirect measurement Gu Fe ee Tan oe measurement Br eee Es ud If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two angles of involving indirect measurement ‘ : ; another triangle, then the triangles are similar 1.What is the height of the tree? See PY eee ee eee Cee eae PRR Las a = CeCe ale eed 2. In the figure two triangles are similar. Find h 2 = 8} Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Topic 6: Slope and similar triangles * Inthe figure shown SLOPES AND SIMILAR TRIANGLES vertical side length | slope = horizontal side length 6 smaller slope =~ Key Terms The ratio ofthe vertical side length tothe horizontal side length ofthe larger triangle Ad 4 #4196 or? Troan The rato ofthe vertical sie length to the horizontal side length ofthe smaller tiongle is2w3or3 ie slope == Run 1. Write a proportion comparing the rise tothe tun for each ol the similar slope triangles CER Un Cc koa ied shown. Then find the numeric valve a reuponding wide of sia ELT is aes AC+DE=BE+BC Find the cross products CP meee ag OWialon Papert of qual y ts 91 Learning Outcomes: ind the concept of the Chapter 1: Congruence and similarity Topic 7: Area and perimeter of similar Figures When we enlarge a shape by a scale factor, the length of each edge and the perimeter are multiplied by the scale factor. Perimeters and Areas of Similar Figures If the scale factor of two similar figures is = then b aC * The ratio of their perimeters ist Sa) 2 * The ratio of their areas is = Cay Brat) RU Ue a 2 a scale drawing, Be peteneter of me gorcen es inches. The actos! length of AB is 18 eet Cc ear Rte arta cg What i the perimeter of the actual gaeien? z smaller square related to the perimeter 2.Triangle 1 is similar to triangle 2 if Trey ci Cann Uwe 10 | Learning Outcomes: Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Understand the con Topic 1: Volume of a cylinder MeN eu ers Volume of cylinder is the measure of the space occupied La Bu) TER Cn bya solid Pet ar OE GEER Volume ofa Cylinder pig Ges Find the volume of a cylinder with diameter of 10 and a height of 20 inches . 2.draw and label a cylinder that has a larger radius but less volume than the cylinder shown below n| Elle mele eeu cto outs Ree Reo) real life related word Pls aT Cm Cr 1. Draw a cone then label it Peo Mie Retell on the volume of a cone : doubling its PT Mea een ca iad Sore Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Topic 2: Volume of a Cone Is a three dimensional figure with one circular base connected by a curved surface to a single vertex Example: gt vertex slant height Volume of a cone formula = 1/3 nF H me 3.142 r=3em Helen Volume of a cone = 1/3n/?H = 1/3 (3.142) (3)? (11) Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Topic 3: Volume of Spheres Tere) = Sphere ed Is a set of all points in space that are given distance Volume of Sphere Ww” Find the volume of a sphere whose radius is 7c Radius = 7.cm Pe ue ue aru aT Volume of sphere = rr? Seu Ute = (fx 2x7%7%7) om! x = ($x 22%1%7%7) om? att ean mF 2. Draw a sphere and label it . Write the = 1437.33 cm! PE e oe ut BI Page Learning Outcomes: Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Topic 4: Volume of hemisphere ‘A hemisphere is a 3D geometric figure that is half of problems involving v a sphere (hemi- means half). Earth can be divided into the Northem Hemisphere and the Southem Hemisphere. Peete It can also be divided into the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere. eae V = (23) UOTE Volume of hemisphere Radius = r= 2m Volume of heriphere = Zn Raut] ¥ (ly De a ea Cos PR aOR A UCR Re -~ ; Til volusie of slid» ohare of cone + vaunne of hemisphere SE Ru Ruch tut) ainels CeO uC caked Pe Us eae EL NaI} Hence, total volume of solid = mcm! 14| Page Learning Outcomes: Chapter 2: Volume and surface area een ty Dt " i " Topic 5:Volume of composite solid -cylinders and cones URN uaa eee] roblems involving volume of a end folume of composite soli tin and coni The volume addition of a cylinder and cone pCa Cee Cc) Dee tira) Example | Find the volume of the composite solid. ,. . F Use 3.14 for x. PURCELL eal ha + This composite figure is made of'a cylinder and a cone » Write each formula. Verh Paice aid » Substitute known values. | Ves 140. » Find the value of the power. + Multiply. PT Neca Nn kN) + Find the sum of the volumes, V = $0.24+ 12,56 62.8 wat 62.8 fi". Bed) CR Cat chnc kal te The vee of epll es 15 |Pa Learning Outcomes: Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Topic 6: Surface area of aCone Surface area of cones The lateral area of three — dimensional figure is the surface area of the figure, excluding the area of the bases Total surface area of three — dimensional figure is the sum of the areas of all its surface ve rtex slant aa uae Total surface aoa = 188.50 = 7RS4 ~ 267 01cm Volume «Thx 10» TAGA8H1636 » 261.80.cm* 3 3 2.Find the lateral area of a cone -xiD with the radius of 4 inches and a Ea ee arg od 16|Page Practice Problem Learning Outcomes: Wires nike cian Er Ed Sete De Rete esel e ee Rue ee) Key Terms. Cease heats cer ena ki) eure Prism is 34 square inches .What is (Er re ned (Eta eR aI eas Chapter 2: Volume and surface area Topic 7: Changes in dimensions Cubes are similar solids because they have the same shape and their corresponding linear measures are proportional If the dimensions of a polygon are multiplied by x, then the perimeter of the polygon changes by a factor of x i Figure A Figure B 6 Bh Example The dimensions of Figure A are multiplied by 2 to produce Figure B. rimeter of Figure A 2 = perimeter of Figure B aero ® “as 16 1|Page Learning Outcomes: vi id the plots tetera UME Cs Rite Rite urd Ceca} Key Terms y Make a Scatter Plot x 1 2 3 Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis Topic 1: Scatter plots A Scatter Analysis is used when you need to compare two data sets against each other to see if there is a relationship. Scatter plots are a way of visualizing the relationship; by plotting the data points you get a scattering of points on a graph Beach Visitors 600 525 450 375 300 225 150 75 Visitors o "80 84 88 92 96 Average Daily Temperature (°F) How to analyze data from a scatter plot? Step 1: Look for a model relationship and assess its strength. Add a regression fit line to the scatterplot to model relationships in your data. Step 2: Look for group-related patterns. If your scatterplot has groups, you can look for group- related patterns. ... Step 3: Look for other patterns 18|Page Learning Outcomes: cha Recut eer: Coed anu Eco) te) Pa Te ay ‘Witting Equations of Trend Lines. Use data porns to make Seater Use the two pots 10 Pe {he equation othe tne. da key feeb Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis Topic 2: Lines of Best Fit Line of best fit reters to a line through a scatter plot of data points that best expresses the relationship between those points. Statisticians typically use the least squares method to arrive at the geometric equation for the line, either though manual calculations or regression analysis software [Example 2] Approximate the best-fitting line The table below gives the number of people y who attended each of the first seven football games x of the season. Approximate the best~ fitting line for the data. e Choose a point from the tableto substitu V = Nie + bh = 25; Use . 722 =25(1)+ 697 An approximation of the best-fittimg Hine is 19| Page Learning Outcomes: Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis Topic 3: Two — Way Tables Construct a Two — Way Table A two way table shows data from one sample group as it relates to two different categories; COMET) CRC aod 99 +81 = 180 AND 65 + 30+ 85 = 180 ‘Match the correct twa way table with the data used to create it 5 ~Interpreting Two Way Tables het way abe? 20| Page Learning Outcomes: CUR ee ey DCC) Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis oe ee Un Topic 4: Descriptive Statics fen uel ES) NE SRR ce cnr) Data with one variable such as test scores are called univariate data these data can be described by a measure of center. Quantitative data: are data that can be measured. A set of quantitative data can be divided into four CCC) equal parts called quartiles SUL Five number summary which includes the minimum value, first quartile(Q1),median, third quartile(Q3) and the maximum value of a data set er Car eect idiom aided ange = mince Mean Jai sl tsi toby a cnet arbre Og 9,3, 1,6, 3.6 943014843¢0%80 Oe un ee aud tt) 30+6=6 seated in one row of a movie theater are 16, 15 , 24, 33, 30, 56, Median ‘rer tim et bora the diana he mie reer 19 and 19.Find the mean , 4.3,4.8.3.6 median ,mode and range of the PCr Mode ‘The most common camber 9,9, 1,8, 3,56 ‘Tho moc in 3 2 Learning Outcomes: CSC Ur RUC} ee RUE! Donia tut Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis eek Topic 5: Five number summary Ele) SRC OMLC RC CRC cs] Chapter 3 - Section 5 * Compute the five-number summary for 1,3. 4,7, 8, 15, 16, 19, 23, 24, 27, 31, 33, 54 * Calculations © The minimum = 1 * -M-= Find the middle value if even numiber average the two values (16 + 19)/2=175 * Q, =, Find the middie vaive of tower halt, O, = 7 * Q,=Find the middle value of upper half, Q,= 27 © The maximum = 54 © The five-number summary is 1,7, 17.5, 27, 54 Om aT OMe Lay Example Five Number Summary For Data Set: 1,2,3,4,5,11,11,12,14,20,20 40 50 6 70 8 9 100 110 120 Minimum eee 1* Quartile 3 Quartile Median 22| Page Learning Outcomes: Pee nc} Sete ei Chapter 3: Scatter Plots and Data Analysis der Ru Eee ec} Topic 6: Measures of Variation COME etre an Measure of variation The mean absolute deviation of a set of data is the average distance between each data value and the mean COM Cy Mean Absolute Deviation Mean Absolute Deviation: The average distance between aA each data value and the mean ina set of data hSmintead aiiin Cera

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