Chapter 2

SPECIFICATIONS
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An engineering specification corttains detailed descriptign qf al!_~.2:J<~anship artd

materials, which required to complete an engineering project in accordance with its
drawing and details. This data regarding the materials and workmanship is known as
the ~'Specifications" for the work. The "Specifications" is furnished along with the
4_raw1ngs- forafl~ 'Ilgineering contracts. Drawing and specifications are form two
important documents of contract.

NECESSITY OF SPECIFICATIONS
/ , The cost of an unit quantity of work is governed b~ spesifjca~~ , .
~ ns serves as a guide to the sS?e~islll:g ~~a!lof tl}e £Qflt1'.19fil.:l.S well
as to the owner to execute the work to their entire satisfaction.
A work is carried out according to its specifica~on and the contractor is paid for
the same.
~ pecificalion is necessary to . ~~~ify the ~!l;m;!!!;!,.J.<:>OkJ':1'~~ ~ to be
e~ aged for work. _ _
\} Specification specifies th~?,,!~~n~ il; :!!<;.~!~~d ~£.d o~ g th~_2r~. ·
is an essential contract document and is required for Arbitration or

.
court cases .
..__.,;
TYPES OF SPECIFICATIONS
1. Brief specifications
2. Detailed specifications ·

1.Brief specifications
While preparing the estimate the quantity s~rrveyor writes down the brief
specification of every item, these are known as brief specification. It is a short
description of different parts of the work specifying material proportions, qualities,etc.
\
2. Detailed specification
Which includes,
(a) General provisions.
(b) Technical provisions.
(a) General provisions
These are known as the conditions of contract and they apply to th~ Work as a
whole. In this documents the condition governing in the contract are wntten.
(b) Technical provisions
The specifications describe the technical requirement of eac~ type of c~nstn1ction.
The technical provision contain detailed instruction regardmg th_e desired quality
of the final product and tests to be performed during constntction to make sure
that the specified require1nents are being obtained. The technical provisions are
two types
Specification for materials and workmanship.
Specification for performance.

STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
Speci::ications are seldom written compietely for all items or '\,(Tork. It is possible to
standardize. Specifications for most of items occurring in works similar nature. Hence
each office develops its own S!~!'-.9 ,gl9 .s~ cification in due course.
"' - - 'C - ---.,...,.~v--._..._~.._"V-1'~- X ;:::s.

For example, specifications for earthwork, concrete work, brick work, etc are
commonly required for different works. *fft'e"""sp'ec"uica ti.ans for Thesec:oinm6'fr'works
become same. So, it is needless to write such common specifications in the tender
paper. They are referred to the departmental standard specification instead of writing
specification in tender document.
Generally the C.P.W.D, P.W.D, Irrigation departments, Railway departments have
their own departmental standard specifications. Other departments that have no
standard specifications generally refer to any of the above -~epartµlents for the same .

. DE~ILED SPECIFICATIONS FOR BUILDING WORKS

\~ARTH WORK IN EXCAVATION

~e excavation for the foundation trenches shall be- carried out in all sorts of
smls as per plan approved at site. For that, necessary workin of cen~
shall be done. g -
 Th~ sides of fotmdation trenches shall be truly vertical and bottom shall be
tmiformly _~ . The bed of the trench shall be lightly watered and .will
rammed.
The material of Y!lluable things f01md during excavation shall be property of
the Government.
The exc.avate~ material shall be stocked away from the sides of trench of the
~xcavahon by at least lm. The excavated material shall be filled in the plinth
111 layers of 30cms. The excess (surplus) material shall be spread out
tmiformly up to a lead of 100m. _ · ·
Water, if any accumulates in th~ trench, should be pumped out without any
e~tra p a~ ~nt and necessary precautions shall be taken: to prevent surface
water to enter into the trench.
The excavation shall be measured as per exact length and width of lowest
footing according to dra\ vmg; the depth of the trench shall be measured
vertically. The rates of excavation includes all timbering and other supports
which are necessary for securing the sides of the trenches.

~THWORK IN FILLING
Earth: The earth used for filling shall be free from salts, organic or other deleterious
~ t~~._Highly ~gens1v~ ~ ils like black cotton soil shall not be used, unless so
specified.
Filling sides of trenches: As soon as the work in foundation has been completed and

-
measured, the space around the foundation masonry in trenches shall be cleared of all
debris, brickbats, etc., and filled with earth in iayers not exceeding 250 mm, each layer
-
being watered, rammed and comp acted before the succeed~g one is laid.Earth filling
shall be adequately watered for achieving _:maximum compa<:tion. _. ·
Earth ~ed for filling shall be_loose, free from brick-bat, stone, boulders, salts,
organic matter. Normally ~~~a_!ed earth fr<:>m th: s_ame ~ ea shall be used
for filling. -. . _
rE) The spaces armmd the foundations, pipes and drain trenches shall be cleared
of all debris, brick-bats, etc.
The fillingshall be done in layers, not exceeding 20cm each layer.-
9 ,. ,.,..- Each layer shall b~ watered, rammed and consolidated before the succeeding
one is7aid: ·· - · - ·
0 fu case 0 { fi.lling under floors, the finished level of filling shall be kept sloping.
% In case of plinth filling sand shall be used.
 MOORUM AND SAND FILLING IN FOUNDATIONS, PLINTH AND IN
FLOORS

. Moorum: Moorum shall be obtained from approved pits and quarries of disintegr~t~d
rocks, Which contain silicon 1naterial, and natural mixture of clay of calcareous ongm.
These shall not contain any admixture of ordinary earth. Size of moorum shall vary
from dust to 40 mm gauge.

Sand: Sand shall be clean, free from dust, organic and other extraneous matter. It shall
not contain more than 5 percent of clay /silt.
Shingle: Shingle shall be clean and free from foreign matter and obtained from river or
nullah beds. Shingle of all in size ranging from 40 mm down to 4.75 mm gauge shall
contain a sufficient proportion of fine material to fill all interstices and ensure binding
when consolidated.

Filling: Filling shall be done in a manner similar to earth filling in plinth except that
thickness of individual layer shall not exceed 15 cm. Shingle or ballast filling shall be
blinded with earth before ramming/ consolidation.
When the filling in floors etc., has nearly dried, any developjng cracks shall be tapped
and a thin layer of the same material as used for filling and earth in case of shingk:
filling shall be spread over the surface evenly and tapped in.
Measurements: The length and breadth of excavation or filling shall be measured with
a steel tape correct to the nearest cm. The depth of cutting or height of filling shall be
measured, correct to 5mm, by recording levels before the start of the work and after the
completion of the work.The cubical contents shall be worked out to the nearest two
places of decimal in cubic metres. -

4. BRICK BAT LIME CONCRETE FOR FOUNDATION IN PROPORTION{1 :2:4)

Materials: All materials shall be as per standard specificati9rnt Coarse aggregate shal
be of hard, well-burnt or over-burnt brick ballast of 40mm size and down size. Firn
aggregates shall be of surkhi or sand or cinder as specified. Sand should be clean anc
free from all impurities, dust, dirt, etc. Lime shall be white fat lime and shall be bum
and free from ashes, and other foreign matters and lime should not give residue fo
more than 10% by weight when te~ted with hydrochloric acid.
· Proportion: The proportion of brick bats lime concrete shall be one part of lime an1
two parts of brick bats by volume. The lime mortar shall be prepared from one part c
slaked lime and two parts of sand by voh1me.

Mixing: Coarse aggregate shall be placed to an even thickness on the water tigl
masonry platform prepared for the purpose of mixing near the site and platfonn is n<
 ___________________________ ____
A~ · 0 { .1 t.' CV ~ ~ ' ~ LL

...:.._..:__ 23

to cover mortar than half its length. Lime mortar in the specified proportion shall then
be evenly spread over the coarse aggregates and whole mixed three or four times.
Laying and ramming: The lime concrete shall be placed in position rapidly after
mixing layers not exceeding 15cm in thickness. The height of drop shall not be greater
than one metre. It is consolidated with 5.5kg rammers until a skin of pure mortar
covers the surface.
Joints: Where joints are unavoidable, the end of each layer shall be sloped at angle 30°.
Vertical joints must be at least 60cm apart horizontally.
Curing: As soon as the surface is thoroughly smooth, it should be kept wet for a period
of not less than 7days and no masonry and floors should be laid on it within this
period.
Measurements: Measurements is taken in cum.

s£ouRSED RUBBLE STONE MASONRY

Mate'rials~ e stone will be of the type specified such a~ranit~ trap, Jiine stone, sand
stone, , rt-zite, etc. and shall be obtained from the quarries, approved by ihe
~ gineer. tone shall be hard, so~d, c;ii1rcilile.cand freetr~!!!_ ; eathering_ c!e~ and
defects like cavities, cracks, flaws, sand holes, injurious veins, patches of loose or soft
materia~ -~ other similar d efects that may- ~dve;;cly- ~ffect it5\itre~gth (ind
fappearanceK15 far as possible stone shall be of unifo~~ ~~ur, guali!X, or texture.
\Generally stones shall not contain cryst~liine ,sili~~ pr'chart, Mica and o delaterious
mat~~als like iron oxide, organic impurities etc. ·Stones _w jth ound surfac shall not be
used/ ·· X ·
~ Jonnally stones used should be,small enou~ ~i;rd..placed.by.)lwd) Unless
otherwise indicated, the length of stones for stone masonry shall not exceed three times
the height and the breadth or basf!hall ~ot be greater than three-fotrr~e thickness
of the wall, or not less thah 15 cm.@e height of-stone may be up to 30 cm)
C~ent and s.a nd for cement mortar shall be of standard ~pecification. -
Mortar: ~e ingredients of mortar, cement and sand shall ~e first mixed in the
( specified proportion and then mixed wet. at least th~~e times by adding water
<+ .. .- £Fl - '. p:%Paz:r;:v;:..-

·c ra~ uall y and evenly) , .

Laying: All stones shall b~ :w@tted befor~ e) The waJls shall be carried up tn1ly plumb
or to specifiectba~./All c~urses sl:ii be lf1id l:,!-tll .. all v~rtical join~
shall be trul¼ vertical.The height of each course shall not be less than 15 cm nor more
than 30(J~_ace stones shall be laid alternate header!_an~ stret~h_:~No face stone
 shall be less in breadth than its height and at least one third of the stones shall ta_il into
the work for length not less than twice their height.
Th~ hearting or the ~ terior fill~g of the wall shall consi~t of stones carefully laid on
their proper beds in mortar; chips and spalls of stone being used ~here necessary to
avoid thick beds of joints of mortar and at the same time ensuring that no hollow
spaces are left anywhere in the masonry) The chips shall not be used_ below the
hearting stone to bring these up to the le*l of face stones. The _use of ~hips shall be
restricted to the filling of interstices between the adjacent stones m hearting and these
shall not exceed 10% of the quantity of stone masonry.
The masonry in a stri1cture shall be carried up uniformly but where breaks are
tmavoidable, the joints shall be raked back at angle not steeper than 45 degree.
Toothing shall not be allowed.
~nd stones: (?hall be as specified except that a bond stone or a set of bond stones shall
be inserte~ 1.5 to 1.8 metres apart, in every course.) .
k1uoins: Corner stones or quoins sha_l~e dressed to correct ang1e)rhe short bed of the
~one shall be at least equal to heigh'<E'e'{juoins";hall be laid header and stretcher, in
a15.,ernative layers)
'---8"oints: All bed joints shall be horizontal and all side joints vertical. All joints shall be
fully packed with mortar, fag. joE},ts s,liall !19.~l?_e m~re th~ one c1? thick.) _ ·
• ( ~ ng: The work shall be protected from rain or stm while it is green. At the :end of
_),~' da)''s work the tops ~f walls shall be left fl~oded. It requires at least ? ~.j!;'!..,~~-)
~ asurements: Shall be taken in ')

~ SHLAR STONE MASONRY IN C.~ .LJ,,;.§,l · .

~ ne: S-tone shall be of the type specified. It shall be hard, sotmd, durable ~~ tough,
free from cracks, decay ~nd weathering and defec;ts like .cavities cracks fla~s, sand
holes, v eins~ patcfies of~t ~ r loose materictls etc~Before sta;ting the work, the
contractor shall get the stones approved by engineer.
~ stone: N~mnally stones use;;,hould be- small enough to be lifted and placed by
hand. The length of the stone shall not exceed three times the height and the breadth
on base shall not be greater than three - fourth of the thickness of wall not less than 15
- cm. ,,.., height of stone,may up to 30 cm.
\11("oportions: Proportions of mortar shall be taken in one part of cement and six part of
sand by volun)e, the water shall be mixed by only at the time of laying masonry and
shall be~ water. , .
.~ '-"'-""' I : 6 y--e{ J.,1.NY'-./2...
 xing: Cement mortar shall be prepared in required quantity not more than one ,ba_g
at a time and shall be consumed with in half an hour and mixing shall be done ;;"rtly .b n
water ti ht orm. - - --
ing of stones: All stones shall be wetted before laying and the stones shall be laid
on their natural ~ed. All courses shall be laid truly horizontal and all vertical joints
shall be tnlly vertical. Face stones shall be laid header and stretchers alternatively. The
whole masonr must be carrLe.ilm.lil .unit~~rp_Ieye~ th:~gh out.
ecking verticality: Each course shall be made truly horizontal, all comers shall be
truly in plumb and side shall be in line and level.
&nts: All joints s~all be ~tll <:[!n3~ar. These shall be not more than ~ J nck':'iface
--- L

joints shall be uniform ~ ghOut and a uniform recess of 20 mm aepth i'rCJrii face
shall be left with the help of the steel plate during the progress of work.
All exposed jciints shall b~.E.~~? _ roortar...as..specifie4°:)]'e pointing
Wn
1
finished shall be sunk- from stone face by 5 mm or as specified'."te depth of
mO~ r in pointing Work sha~ ~ , . ! '.,lJi..'
J ixtures: Hold fast or other fixtures shall be built and bonded into the masonry as the
.werkproceeds and np t inserted afterwards~
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~ olding: (!:>ouble scaffolding shall be. used , if necessary. ~owever single
scaffolding is provided, the holes left in the masonry work for ~pporting the put logs
· shall be filled and made good by stones to match the face work. ) ·
~ g: The work laid in ce~ent or lime m~rtar ~hall be kept wet by any suitable
method as specified or,as· desired by the Engmeer-m-charge. The work shall be·kept
wet for a period of at least seven days.
~ ement Measurement is taken in c~bic, ~etr:_s-
. ' I ---
J .,.

u ~RICK WORK 15 T CLASS IN C.M Jtfil ·- ·-; _;t .-

~rials: Bricks Used sho~-{:.o~ omt to I.~._sp~ific~~P!': Brick shall be table ~ ,
~ 11 b,ptt, co.J?:Eer.;ed cO~ ed. Fiee ~°.1.~~~ alid-:"1-th sha~ ~d square l!d?es.
They-should be muformc<1rn:i standattl'm its s~e, shall gi_:::.:1!,a!..~~i:;_!?~d- Bncks
shall be well soaked at least12h0t.rrsJ,~fore their use. •
_ _ _ __ , , - ..........~ . . . . . . "$¢ ·-

1.,1,'.;,portiom The prof'otti; of mortar sh~~ b~ one p;itt of cement to six parts of sand
by volume. Cement shall be standard quality, san~~~ll b~ ~-
.~ ng of mortar: Only the quantity of mortar khich can be used within ~1:'!='
shall be prepared at a time- Mixing shall be done On water tight platform, clrinkiiig
water sl}_oitld b8dlS.ed.
 d t 1 ~ers Brick shall be laid
1

U3__,0#d~~d laying: ~: ?~enr12,~¼s sh~_ll_ n~! P.~:1S.~~ ~ c~p as c

--- ·
~ wards.
in ~ g~l).~Oija,_un1ess specially mentioned with tr<?,S (1n~en!ahon) 1P __ .
J t>ints: Each brick shall be set with bed and vertical joints completely fille~ wi th ~o~tar
and bricks bedded in 15y tappmg-wftn the handle of th~ trowel. All honzontal Joints
shall be parallel and truly level. All comers shall be tnlly m plumb.
'-~ es: All iron fixture~ such a~--J?jp_~~ :~t~~~=~f~~~~:~h2~--~~-~s, .e ~~ ~_hall be
embedded in brick work in rich ce1nent mortar or cement concrete durmg the progress
-
of work. · "'" - -·-

'-Soaking of bricks: Bricks shall be soaked in w..ater before -~se f<?_~ ~.per.~od for ~he water
to just penetrate the whole g~Jh.of the bricks.
'l,i>r'~gress of work: Walls shall be carried up regularly not leaving any part more than
2"10_ower than ~n_ot!1-e9 The joints shall be raked to a minimum dep~ ~f 12mm during
the progress of work so as to provide proper key for the plaster or pomting to be done.
\...Finishing of joints: The face of brick~ ~ be finished flush or b y ~EE.~~~g. In flush
finishing either the face joints of mortar shall be worked out while still greenTo give a
finished surface flush with the face of the brick work or the joints shall be squarely
raked out to a depth of 1 cm ,-vhile the mortar is ·till green for subsequently plastering.
~ folding: Single or double scaffolding shall. be provided if required. Holes left in
masonry- ~ ?r~ for scaffolding'yurpos~ shall . be filled and made good before
. plastering.
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. . · . - -- ·-----
\_,C unn.g: The brickwork shall be constantly kept moist on all faces for a minimum
period of seven -dax s. Brickwork done during the day shall be suitably marked
indicating t:.e date Oft' which the work is done so as of keep a watch on the curing
period. ·

~ urements: Brickwork quantities taken as cubic meters, for partition walls or half
brick wall in square metres. .... · · - • ·•- • . ·. ·

8. HALF BRICK THICK PARTITIOfi WALL IN :CEMEN"T MORTAR

Brick work: Bricks shall be first ·dass and the proporqpn_C?f cement mortar shall be
l:3(cement 1: 3 sand). The brick work shall be done in the same imanner as brick work
ip cemeIJ.t ro~~tar e,x ceet t~at all courses shilll.~e \aid with stretchers.-The height of the
brickwork snail not be carried O\Jt to more th~ 1.2m height at time. a
Reinforcement: E~p.N1ded, n1etal mesh or l:>lack iron wire net as specified shall be
prov:ided at every aHernate ~r thi,rd lqyer as required.
Curing: The curing shall be done for at least 7 days.
 Measurement: Measurement is t a ken m
. square metres.

l9<CEMENT CONCRETE
t>4~erials:
(c~ment: Ceme~ is shall conform to IS standards. Ordinary Portland cement 1s
generally used. / .-
~ re gates:
a. :inebafgrfegatfe shall be natural sand obtained from river bed and shall be clean

lzi_:::;=~-
ura e, ree rom organic matter. '

b- - ~S,~, cmshed boulders and graded between

~
~
er: ~ot~ble (d~inking) water may be used. 4 qtf}
porbomng mixture: It shall be done bz _i , ~ Boxes of suitable size shall be used
for measuring sand and aggregate. ft'e internal dimensions of the boxes shall be
generally 35 X 25 X40 cm deep or as otherwise approved by the engineer. The unit of
measurem~nt of cem:nt shall be a b~g of ~!D; ~nd this shall be taken as 0.035 cubic
metre. While me!1~urµ1.g !}le ~ggte.._ga!e, ~ha½ing, rammil'!g or heaping shall not be d_one.
The proj)ortiOning of sancf"shafl De 'Ori 'tfii< DiiSifdfifs~~ , me and m c;:;;,;, ·Otifainp°
sand, allowances for bulkage shall be ma1e as given for mortar.
~
-~ ~
ing: Mixing is done in watertight- masonry platform-or sheet iron tray. About 20.to
of water is used per bag of cement or_!Y,.~r ce.111en.t.._@ ~ specified by
Engineer ip charge(as water plays vital role in sh·ength of concrete, proper care should
--
be laken while adding water), to give a plastic mix ·of the required workability and
water cement ratio. Machine mixing may be done for about 1 to 2 minutes rotation for
thorough mixing.. _&.(_,_._ . - ·
4 ng concrete: ·concrete shall be placed in position as rai,idly. as practicable,
rammed, vibrate<;! and finished within 30 minutes of adding water to the mix. In no
~ase it shall be dropped from a height greater than !:!e n:!eter in or~er to prevent
segregation ot'coarse agg~g~ ..and mortar .
......._._, . _... -- .
Whi:n the placing of CQncrete is suspend~d, or resumed on the following day,
necessary roughening of th_e surfa'.!-for joining fi.1ture work shall be done before the
concrete sets.~ en tn e w orl< resumed the prev10us work must be thoroughly cleaned~
roughened, watered and a grout of neat' cement slurry of the proportion . 1kg of
·ce/ per 2 litres of water applied uniformly. ·
~ mpaction: Compaction is done by vibrator to ensure that no hollow places are left.
;?m WQrk: Form work, centering and shuttering shall be provided as required. It is
~moved after the curing period of 1~ ~~.:.
;.dring; The curing shall be done fur a minimum period -~! 14 days.
J'>Cd.Surement:
A ,.,L. '
Measurement . is taken in cub'1c me tres for works like slab, beam,
oh.unns, staircase, etc.

l.00\ FlC.C. WORK PROPORTION (1 :i:4)

\--, t-
R'"einforcement: Either mild steel, or deformed steel or CTD or TMT, bars of standard
,pecifications are used. Bars shall be round, hooked and bent accurately and placed in
position, Joints in bars should be avoided. During layin~ and compaction, bars should
not be disturbed. While joining one bar to anothe•r suficient over la"pping should be
......---=
give!). --- ttz
· . 11 - !!I - - ,_.,._~

/
£ ent-ering and shuttering(_Centering and s uttering should be done wit 'h tim
. ber or
steel _p lates ~ d to prevent leakage of morta; if necessary props, braci_ng and wedges
are placed. coat of soap solution, raw linseed oil, or ~ 01.l of appro~ d
p

n1anufacture, should be applied over the shuttering to preveP.,t c;ill:~1e,,n5!_0J_~ ete_;

~ portinn: The proportion of the cement shall be one patt of cement, two parts of
sand and · £our parts of aggregates by volume. The cement shall be standard
~equirements. The sand to be used shall be cleah and coarse and shall be free from any
organic or vegetable matter.
~ rials foreoncrete: The coarse aggregates shall be 40rIJ.P1JJ;r&-d..,ed qg~ and shall be
retained-in a 5mm square mesh so that the voids d~-not exceed 42%.S~ d should be
coarse, consisting of sharp, angular grains and be standard specification. It shall be free
from dust,. dirt anct organlc.1na.tters.1'easan d shall not be used. Cement shall be fresh
Portland cement. Clean drinking water should be used for mixing. .
The mixing of concrete shall be done in a mechanical mixer or by hand
ope,rations which shall be decided by the Engineer. The concrete- from drum shall be
placrd on a water tight platform. · -
/4ng: Coocrete swface·Kept damp by covering with wet gunny bags or wet sand for
24~ \u s. The conc_rete shall be cured for 2~ ~:!I~.;. .
''-¥frii~hing: Th~ ~-~,t work shall oe d;= carefully -;-ili£t the thickness of plaster
required for f1111Shmg the stirface is not more than 6mm.The form work should be
removed after the approval of Engineer and surface ~ li"be finished with 3 coats of
white wash or colour wash.
l1 sting of concrete:_ Regular tests on the CO,E-SistenP,L!1n d l:_Vqrkability of the fre~h
concrete shall be earned out at field to achieve the specified strength.
~ urement: Concrete in~ ubic metres, st~ ,i n 9~~1s_9.r t'?n~~.?:-k~ _.
 '1.2-. ·CEMENT PLA~ RING IN C.M(1 :6)
- M aterials: Ce1nent shall be fresh Portland cement and sand shall be medium quality,
clean, free from organic 1natter or salt. Wa ter u sed shall be free from impurities and
other harmful ingredients. Drinking water may be used.
p f; ·paration of surface: The work of the cement plas ter shall ~e carried out after
m~sanry joints are~ ut to a depth of ~ ,i} and ·well watere'l_ Extra p rojection of
- masonry more than 13mm to the general level surface should be cut-off.}To ensure
·tm1form tlucknessof plaster as specified, narrow strips of abou t r acm w ide plaster
shall be applied first a distance of about lm centres and _the gaps -betweer-l su ch strips
shall immedia ~ely be filled up with mortar.\'\, _ - - - ._____
\.Materials and proportioning: The proeordon- of mortar shall be maintained by one
part by c~ment and six parts by sand. The dry ingredients shall be mixed thoroughly
and required amount of water shall be added.
~xihg: Mixing shall b~ don~ on a wat~r_lighty~tform. The materials shall be at first
nuxed dry thoroughly hll uniform in colour in the required proportion and then shall
be mixed wet by adding water slowly and gradually for at least four times to give a
uniform paste. Mortar prepared at a time should be consumed with in the 30minutes.
/ . - ..,
~ pl1cahon_ of plaster: ~e first coat of plaster shall be uniformly applied in the best
workmanship after applying the water. The thickness of first coat shall be not less than
12mm and should be"'c iu ed for 7 days~-
=
1:,:~~
"Caa& --·

L,F~sh: The second coat shall be started at least after~ :Jand should
~ cknes; · - - ) 1 '(V1 W) ) {' l -tOOv..,J
~ surement: Measurement is taken in square metres. o q 1¢ D J..
/. . _ ,,,,,,. = . • ,- 0 w, vt 1 OI i CvL
\,,.eurmg: Plastering surface shall be kept wet by sprinkling water after 12hours for at
least 7days.

Jz.$PECIFICATION FOR CEMENT POINTING (CM I '.'.2-)

~ rials: Cement shall be fresh Portland cement and sand shall be medium quality,
clean, free from organic matter or salt. Water used shall be free from impurities and
o~ armful ingredients. Drinking water may be used.
~ reparations of surface: The joints shall be racked out to a thickness at 20mm and
surface of wall shall be cleaned and watered. . ' : . . (1; ~)
JJ:9,f<irtion and mixing of mortar: For cement pointing the common proportion used is
one 2 rt of cement and tw.Q..R..~tl~ .Q.L.~<!1£;. The materials shall be mixed in dry
conditiooth.oroughly and required amount of water is added and once again mixed in
the ·water tight platform. At a time mortar of one bag cement shall be prepared which
shall be consumed~within 30 minutes after adding water.
u>..-ofuting: The joints shall be filled with mortar and pressed by proper tool and best
workmanship manner.
vP"autions: The surface of lhe cement pointing shal!.1'.!.sq_v_~!!~it!1, ~ eJ._cl oth..,,?!1d
surface shall not be~ ~c!!)'_!XPOsed_to sun r~ s.
S,urin'g: The cement pointed work shall be kept we ~ r 10 day§_.~fter completing and
---~··- --
the work protected during the period from sun, rain, etc.

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_,/ . ---...,. __
~ easurement: Measurement is taken in square metres.
.. .....
 2 ·5 CM THICK CEMENT CONCRETE FLOORING( 1 :2 :4 )

Materials required:
Cm,ent: As per LS specification.
~ nd = Max. size 4.81nm, and down size clean, dry, free from 0 E,.ganic matter.
nd
~ urse Aggregate: Shall be hard and ·tough , well graded fro~ {1~~Ja down size
a nd free from du~t, dirt, etc.
"-'v.rep·~ tion of surface: The floor shall be leveled and divided in~~ £ @.tlg_of size not
yYl exceeding 1 metre in its smaller dimensions and 2 metre_ u:'- large dimensions) uitable
camber or cross slope should be given in the floor for draining wash water.
,,...
V' Mixing: By hand mixing or by mechanical mixer are used. C~ment, sand a:1d aggregate
shall be ~jxed_~ith _diy_and.. ~at~1:" is added s]~w.:ly ,~nd gradually to the ~equired
quantity and mixed thoroughly to have a uniform plastic mix. Usually water is added
20-25 litres per cement bag·. Concrete for one panel shal!J2~~~jn one lot.
~ g of~;~~~~te~ looring of specified thickness shall be laid in the pattern as
directed by Engineer-in-charge. The-pa~ri-';h7!i be of uniform size. The whole

_,,.,.. -
operation of laying in one1??-~ !~A.tLbe,c;oJtl.12!.£1~2 ..~!h~ . 30min~rer-
Ji'ni'shing: The surface shall then be -smoothened with wooden floats and any
unev~nness shall be removed by addin~l.2-~£Sillt\!lJ~~ !ll~r.
,/4ng: After laying the stirface shall be left undisturbed for 2 hours and than covered
with wet bags and hou~s cured by flood~g with ·water and kept flooded for at
least.-'!IP105C:tddays.
lt7
·
~ured floor: For colol!red fll!is~ ~-§Ur~ ~hall be fini~ crwffu col~ured cement
and colouring pigment of the desired co~ added. -·
~ autions: After completion the top coat with coloure1f.igrn.ent, no one should walk
on the floor other wise, impres~ ~w~l! £~e _seeii~~~"'t ~p ·s1.1i f~ce should be covered
with wet cloth and should not directly exposed to stm rays.
~ as;i;ement: Measurement is taken ~ \ ~
l'APAINTING
;;..,-

...:Mfurials: (PainJs, oils, vami~hes, etc.,_ of a,gproved bra".d and manufachl:".:3hall be

used. Pnly ready mixed pamt (Exterior grade) as rece1ved!rorn tfie manufach.uer
with<fut any admixture shall be used. ·
If for any reason, thinning is necessary in case of ready mixed paint the brand of
thinner recommended by the manufacturer or as instructed by the Engineer shall be
used.
Approved paints, oil or vamishe.s shall be brought to the site of work by the contractor
in their original containers in sealed condition.
LQ~mencing Work: Painting shall not be st~rted until the engineer has inspected the
items of work to be painted, satisfied himself about their proper quality and given his
 - - · · _· - th · · . f work. Painting of external s u ~
approval to commence e pain m~ ·1 d dt1st storm ~--~ e
, iw,;s1Fl a,~~,~ti.'Y~~tlltrs~u,.~1i.2.g,1;1 -
- _ . - d"ti hke hai storm an •
'""--"-~-..~ -:---,
Pam g, exce.p t th·e pr
._ tin - ing coat' shall generallyldbe
nn·
b taken
h m hl
hand after practicaijy
.. h"mg a11 o'th er b u1•id·m.g work ·The rooms. shou
£mis e ft horoug. y swept .out and the
entire building cleaned up, at .:J?.~11_:~~~:~ bem_~ started.
Prepiration of Su;ra;e: The surface shall be th~roughly cleaned and dusted off. AU
n 1sl, di!_~, ss.al~ sm_o~e.. s~k\,me~h.mP!t.er . d.J.9ppings and grease shall b~ th~roughly
remove-d be-fore painting 1s ~tarted.. Theb prepared
f . .surface
. shall have received the
approval ortne engme'er after inspection, e ore painting lS commenced.
~11PJication~efore pou~ing into smaller c~ntainers for use: the paint shall b_e stirred
thoroughlx_,,..i!L.t~ -~ont~~£rs, when applying also, the paint shall be continuously
sti~ in} he_':?,1"~ ,! :,~ainers so that its consistency is kept unifo~
(_The painting shall be laid on evenly and smoothly by means of crossing and laying off,
the latter in the-direction of the grains of wood. The crossing and laying off consists of
cove.ring the area over the paint, brushing the surface hard for the first time over and
then brushing alternately in opposite direction, two or three times and then finally
bnishing, lightly in a direction at right angles to the same. In this process, no bn1sh

laying off will constitute one coat.)

'
-w-~ .
marks shall be left after the laying off is finished. The fuH process of _crossing and
- t:P---,,,.,,:~.,.......- ~~ - - - -

( Where $0. stipulated, the painting shall b ~!;,~~P,.~ing. Spray machine used be (a)
high press1,1re (small air- aperture) type~ or (b) a l o ~ ~ (large air gap) type,
depe~ding on the nature a~ .:.c~~-? ~-~?! ....~!.~._.!~,,.,! ~. ~~_:1i~.~ . ??}
Skilled_ and
ex:penenced workmen shall Be employed to the requ1s~te ·cons1Stency by adding a
s:uitable thinner._
No hair marks from the brush or clogging of paint puddles in the corners of panels,
angles of mouldingsf etc-., shall be left on the work.
In ~ -in.ting doQrs and windows~the putty round the glass panes must also be p~inted
but c.a1:e must be taken to see that no paint stains, etc., are left on the glass. Tops of
shu.tt~rs and surfaces in similar hidden locations shall not be left out in painting.
Howeve.r:,. bottom edge of the-shutters where the painting is not practically possible,
need no,t lt,,e. done no.r any- deduc:tion on this account will be done but two coats of
primer of a,;.pp.rove.d make shall be done on the bottom edge before fixing the shutters.
On paiintmg; s.te<¾l work,. special care shall be taken while painting over bolts, nuts,
tiv.:e:-t~ overlaps~ etc.
Bffl~-~ a~ ~ont.ah~e-,~/ Afte~-w0:rk, the_ brushes shall_ be co~ple_t~ly deane~ Qf pa~t
and. linseed oil b.y nnsili~ with turpentme, A bn.ish m which paint has dried up is
<Ml 11!17Til..,.G- ' § ) J i [ ~. , .
 -
ruined and shall on no account be used for painting work. The containers when not·in
use, shall be kept closed and free from air so that paint-doe~~ tai'31'eu _a1-ta-a,ls~ll
be kep t safe from dus.t When the paint has been used, the containers shall be washed
with turpentine and wiped dry with soft clean cloth, so fua,Lthe.v- ar.e..clean, .and..<:an,.be
. ) ----,~--~----' -~·= 'J.

-
used again.
'---

~.
JW6'surements: Measurements are taken in ~ uare metres. ·

/wHITE WAS!-!ING
~ o n of -surface: Before new work is white washed the surface shall be
thorough!~ brushed free from mortar d~~ppin~-~@ £9reign matter. In case of old work
all loose pieces a,nd scales shalfoe•sc'r'apped""otf and holes in plasters as well as patches
less than SOsquare cm area shall be fill up with mortar.
Preparation of lime wash: The lime shall be thoroughly slaked on the spot, mixed and
stirred with sufficient water to make a thin cream. This shall be screened through a
dean coarse cloth. The approximately quantity of water to be added in making the
cream will be 5 litres of water to one kg of lime Indigo (neel) up to 3gm per kg of lime
dissolved in water. · • '" z,_.___, "' ""vM" ·
' .
Application: The white wash shall be applied with jute brushes to the specified
number of coats. The operation for each coat shall consist of stroke of the bush given
from the fop downwards, another from the bottom upwards over the first and ru.'\Other
from the left before it dries. Each coat shall be d:ded'hefore the next one is applied.
- · CC ,. _ _ , . . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - - 3

For new surface Jhre~ or more coats shall be applied till the surface presents smooth
and uniform finish througfi' wru~.!,!1..?w~~~- n?_!.,;7isible. The finished dry surface
shall not show any signs of cracking and peeling nor shall it come off readily on the
hand when rubbed.
and other parts
~ v e measures: I?:_oors, windows1 floors1 articles _of f·urhitur:e, etc.,
of the building not to 15e w h1fE:WaSited-Stratl be-prortrctedrrom be~E_lashed upon.
Splashing and dropping, if any su~!!,.~e,,!e1;.1_2ved anct surJ~ d ancfno-paymerit
for such cleaning shall be made.separately
~ m~i~: Me~;~;;;;;;;ts7rZenin squa;~ 1!!~~~°'
;t1 'f~ ~
 ~ y DISTEMPERING
Materials: l2_ry-_,_, d
, ~ te~p!£._of required colour and of approved brand and manufachire
shall be used. The shade shall be got 2f?~ed fro~ th! ~Ji~m~ 12~fore application of
the distemper. The dry distemper colour as required shall be stirred slowly in clean
water .1._~g dec~itres _{q_ .~ litre) qf water p:r ~g_., o~i~JllperJ2r as specified by the
makers. W~!m wa ter~sh-all·preferablyo e used. It shall be allowed to stand for at !~ast} O_
g i~Ete~ ...Jor if pr~<:tic.apl~ ~,¥er _rugb.tt~l?efp!e,, l_J§~"-The mixture shall be well stirred
?efore and during use to maintain a even c~nsi~tency. Distemper shall not be m~
m larger quantity than is actually require -f6r o"iZectay~work.
~ ;,.;-,"-""~ ~
Preparation of Surface: Before new work is distempered, the surface shall be
thoroughly bn1shed free from mortar droppings and other foreign matter a!;.<;i sand
pa2ered smooth. New plastered surfaces shall be a1lowed to dry for a t,. !eps ~
_o nt be ea lying distem er. In the case of old work, all those pieces and-;ca°i;;
shall be removed by san papering. The surface shall be cleaned of all grease, dirt,
etc.Pitting in plaster shall be made good with plaster of paris mixed with the colour to
be used. The surface shall then be n1bbed down again with a fine grade sand paper
and made smooth. A coat of the distemper sha11 be applied over the patches. The
patched surface shall be allowed to dry thoroughly before the regular coat of distemper
is -applied.
P~ : A priming co~t o~ ~g- ~~}1:.,_b.$.. ~J?..li~ over the pre~ar~d surface in
case of new work. No white washing coat , shall be used as a pnmmg coat for
distemper.The treated surface.be allowed to dry before distemper coat is given.
Application : In the case of new work, the treatment shall consist of a priming coat of
whiting followed by the application of two -o r more coats of distemper till the surface
attains an even colour.For old work, the surface prepared as described shall be applied
one or more coats of distemper till the surface attains an even colour.
The application of each coat shall be as follows: The entire surface shall be coated with
the mixture uniformly., with proper distemper bn1shes (ordinary white wash bn1shed
shall not be allowed) in horizontal strokes followed immediately by vertical ones
which together shall constitute one coat.

The~1:.;.~!)Lc.,?~~!.L~~~ ~~pr~:7i<?~.1p,!:i?fl! ha~ d ": .".

The finished surface shall be even and uniform and shall show ~o bn1sh ~arks.
After each day's w9rk, the brushes shall be washed in hot water and hung down to
d~ d brushes which are dirty or caked with distemper shall not be used.
Measurernents: Measurements are taken in ~ . '!:.~~~~~-
.