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Material grades
material no designation
DIN: C 45 U AFNOR: XC 48 AISI: 1045 DIN: X 42 Cr 13 AFNOR: Z 40 C 14 AISI: 420 DIN: X 33 CrS 16 AFNOR: Z 35 CD 17.S AISI: 422+S DIN: 21 MnCr 5 AFNOR: 20 MC 5 AISI: 5120 DIN: 115 CrV3 AFNOR: 100 C3 UNI: 107 CrV3 KU AISI: L2 DIN: 40 CrMnMo 7 AFNOR: 40 CMD 8 UNI: 35 CrMo 8 KU AISI: P20 DIN: 40 CrMnMoS 86 AFNOR: 40 CMD 8.S AISI: P20+S DIN: X 38 CrMoV 51 AFNOR: Z 38 CDV 5 UNI: X 37 CrMoV 51 KU AISI: H11 DIN: X 38 CrMoV 51 AFNOR: Z 38 CDV 5 UNI: X 37 CrMoV 51 KU AISI: H11 ESR DIN: X 155 CrVMo 121 AFNOR: Z 160 CDV 12 UNI: X 155 CrVMo 12 1 KU AISI: D2
indicatory analysis
C - 0.45 Si - 0.30 Mn - 0.70
strength
character
application
unhardened parts for the mould and jig construction or plates and frames for tools and dies
640 N/mm
C Si Mn Cr
780 N/mm
cavity plates and inserts for the processing of plastics, mainly when chemically aggressive melts are being used
C Si Mn Cr Mo S Ni
1080 N/mm
plates for corrosion resistant mould tools and dies, cavity plates for chemically aggressive plastics
C Si Mn Cr
660 N/mm
1.2210
C Si Mn Cr Ni Ti
740 N/mm
1.2311
C Si Mn Cr Mo
1080 N/mm
tool steel alloyed and pre-toughend, good suitablility for ame-hardening, nitriding and polishing
1.2312
C Si Mn Cr Mo S
1080 N/mm
tool steel alloyed and pre-toughend. good cutting properties, especially suitable for ame-hardening
plates for mould tools and dies with enhanced requirements on strength
1.2343
C Si Mn Cr Mo V
780 N/mm
moulding plates and inserts for die casting (Al, Mg, Zn etc.) and injection mould tools
1.2343ESU
(ESR)
C Si Mn Cr Mo V
780 N/mm
moulding plates and inserts for die casting (Al, Mg, Zn etc.) and injection mould tools
1.2379
C Si Mn Cr Mo V
830 N/mm2
cavity plates and inserts as well as pressure or cutting plates with increased wear resistance
material no
designation
DIN: X 45 NiCrMo 4 AFNOR: 45 NCD 16 UNI: 40 NiCrMoV 16 KU AISI: 6F7 DIN: 90 MnCrV 8 AFNOR: 90 MV 8 UNI: 90 MnVCr 8 KU AISI: O2 DIN: 16 MnCr 5 AFNOR: 16 MC 5 AISI: 5115 DIN: AlZnMgCu 1.5 EN: ISO 7075 AFNOR: A-Z5GU
indicatory analysis
C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni 0.45 0.25 0.40 1.35 0.25 4.00
strength
character
steel for through hardening special alloy suitable for polishing, high resistance to pressure and good exural strength
application
1.2767
830 N/mm
demanding cavity plates and inserts; cutting and bending inserts for high compressive loads
1.2842
C Si Mn Cr V
775 N/mm
steel for through hardening dimensional steadiness, high hardness, wear-resistant, cold-work steel of very good cutting properties
cavity plates and inserts exposed to abrasive stress; pressure, cutting and guiding plates; pressure and guiding rails
1.7131 3.4365
(AW-7075)
C Si Mn Cr Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti
0.16 0.25 1.15 0.95 0.40 0.50 1.60 0.30 2.40 0.23 5.60 0.20
660 N/mm
plates for mould tools and dies with enhanced requirements on strength
These general informations are recommendations that everyone be free to apply. For the individual case, the buyer has to make sure for the right application. In case of doubt, a respective specialist (eg. steel manufacturer, hardening shop) should be consulted. A liability of Georg Meusburger GmbH & Co KG is excluded.
1.1730
DIN: C 45 U AFNOR: XC 48 UNI: AISI: 1045 C Si Mn 0.45 0.30 0.70
Indicatory analysis:
640 N/mm 50 W mK
unalloyed tool steel with excellent machinability; chilled cast steel, suitable for flame cutting and inductive hardening unhardened constructive parts for the tool and jig making as well as for plates and frames of mould bases or die sets Polishing: Etching: Spark eroding: Nitriding: Hard chroming:
not usual
Heat treatment:
Soft annealing: 680 to 710C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C; further cooling in air, max. 190 HB Hardening: 800 to 830C 10 to 20 minutes keeping curing-temperature quenching in water/oil obtainable hardness: 58 HRC hardening depth: 3 - 5 mm max. 15 mm through hardening thickness Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening, from 180C - 300 C depending on desired hardness 1h / 20 mm: min. 2h Tempering chart:
HRC 62 58 54 50 46 42 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
1.2083
DIN: X 42 Cr 13 AFNOR: Z 40 C 14 UNI: AISI: 420 C Si Mn Cr 0.42 0.40 0.30 13.00
TechnicalTip
- cold-work steel - must be tempered after hardening serveral times (max. 50HRC). The demand for max. hardness often ends up in material breakage. - mold temperature max. 200C - corrosion-resistant after hardening
Indicatory analysis:
780 N/mm 18 W mK
Application: Treatment by
low corrosion, low warpage steel for trough hardening with excellent properties for mirror polishing as well as good photoetching, good machinability, high wear resistance and high dimensional stability mould plates and inserts for working with chemically aggressive plastics; because of excellent polishing, suitable for optical and medical products Polishing: can be polished in the annealed and hardened state; good preliminary surface preparation work is decisive for a good polish. Etching: good photoetching (graining) Spark eroding: in the hardened and tempered condition, treat again for stress relief about 20C below the last temperature Nitriding: not recommended Hard chroming: Annealing: 750 to 800C for about 2 to 5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 650C; further cooling in air max. 200 HB Hardening: 1000 to 1050C 15 to 30 minutes keeping curing-temperature quenching in water/oil obtainable hardness: 53 - 56 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 2 hour per 20 mm part thickness; twice tempering is recommended Tempering chart:
HRC 56 52 48 44 40 36 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
Heat treatment:
1.2085
DIN: X 33 CrS 16 AFNOR: Z 35 CD 17.S UNI: AISI: 422 + S C Si Mn Cr Mo S Ni 0.33 0.30 0.80 16.00 1.20 0.06 0.30
Indicatory analysis:
1080 N/mm 18 W mK
corrosion resistant, pre toughened steel with good machinability by sulfer (S) - addition mould plates and inserts for working with chemically aggressive plastics; the expenses for protection and care of mould tools is reduced thanks to increased corrosion resistance; not suitable for mould inserts Polishing: Etching: Spark eroding: Nitriding: Hard chroming:
Treatment by
not recommended
Heat treatment:
In general no heat treatment is required. Annealing: 850 to 880C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling; hardness max. 240 HB Hardening: 1000 to 1030C 30 minutes keeping curing-temperature quenching in water/oil obtainable hardness: 48 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 2 hour per 20 mm part thickness; tempering twice is recommended Tempering chart:
HRC 48 44 40 36 32 28 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
1.2162
DIN: 21 MnCr 5 AFNOR: 20 MC 5 UNI: AISI: 5120 C Si Mn Cr 0.21 0.25 1.25 1.20
TechnicalTip
- For high polishing, we recommend the through hardening steel 1.2767.
Indicatory analysis:
standard case-hardening steel with good machinability; high surface hardness with tough core machine parts, mould plates and inserts with a high surface hardness; synthetic resin press moulds for the working of thermoplastics and thermosets Polishing: possible Etching: Spark eroding: Nitriding: Commonly hardened parts are not nitrided loss on hardness. Hard chroming: recommended, increased wear and corrosion resistance Annealing: 670 to 710C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling, further cooling in air, max. 205 HB Carbonisation: 900 to 950C. The choice of the carburizing means and caburizingtemperature influences on the level of the desired carbon level, shape of caburizing-graph and on the required depth of the application. Case hardening: 870 to 930C in powder/salt bath, cooling in oil/heat bath at 160 to 250C Intermediate annealing: 630 to 650C, for about 2 - 4 hours with slow furnace cooling Preheating: 350C depending on dimensions Hardening: curing temperature 810 to 840C in oil of ~ 60C warmth Cooling: up to about 100C oil, then in air up to about 50C Tempering: 1 hour per 20 mm part thickness, min. 2 hours Tempering chart:
HRC 62 58 54 50 46 42 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
7
Heat treatment:
1.2210
DIN: 115 CrV 3 AFNOR: 100 C3 UNI: 107 CrV 3 KU AISI: L2 C Si Mn Cr Ni Ti 1.28 0.25 0.30 0.70 0.10 0.20
TechnicalTip
- Silver-steel 1.2210 is delivered ground to measure in h9 tolerance.
Indicatory analysis:
740 N/mm 33 W mK
Chrome-Vanadium alloyed cold work steel with high resistance; silver-steel. small turned parts, core pins, stamps and engrave-tools Polishing: Etching: Spark Eroding: Nitriding: Hard chroming:
not recommended
Heat treatment:
Annealing: 710 to 740C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C further cooling in air, max. 220 HB Hardening: 780 to 840C 15 to 30 minutes keeping curing-temperature quenching in water/oil obtainable hardness: 64 - 66 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 1 hour per 20 mm part thickness; min. 2 hours/aircooling Tempering chart:
HRC 64 60 56 52 48 44 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
1.2311
DIN: 40 CrMnMo 7 AFNOR: 40 CMD 8 UNI: 35 CrMo 8 KU AISI: P20 C Si Mn Cr Mo 0.40 0.40 1.50 1.90 0.20
TechnicalTip
- core strength decreases with increasing mould plate thickness For thickness >300 we recommend 1.2738.
Indicatory analysis:
1080 N/mm 35 W mK
alloyed and pre-toughened tool steel, especially suitable for polishing. high strenght of shape mould plates, inserts and high-strengh machine parts Polishing: good polishable; for higher surface requirements, through hardened steels are recommended. Etching: possible Spark eroding: Nitriding: the wear resistance of the steel is increased Hard chroming: in addition to wear resistance especially the corrosion resistance increases already pre toughened; generally no heat treatment required Nitriding: Before nitriding, stress-relief annealing is recommended at 580C. (Meusburger standard) Hard chroming: To prevent the hydrogen brittleness a tool must be tempered for approximately 3-4 hours at 180C after the hard chroming. Hardening: 840 to 860C Cooling: up to 180C/220C oil/heat bath, then in air up to about 100C obtainable hardness: 52 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 1 hour per 25 mm part thickness Tempering chart:
HRC 52 50 48 44 40 36 32 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
Heat treatment:
1.2312
DIN: 40 CrMnMoS 86 AFNOR: 40 CMD 8.S UNI: AISI: P20 + S
TechnicalTip
- for increased surface quality requirements use material grade 1.2311.
Indicatory analysis:
C Si Mn Cr Mo S
1080 N/mm 35 W mK
alloyed and pre-toughened tool steel, through sulfer addition best machinability in the hardened condition; high strength of shape mould plates, inserts and high-tensile machine parts Polishing: technical polish possible; for higher surface requirements we recommend 1.2311 or 1.2738 Etching: not recommended Spark eroding: Nitriding: the wear resistance of the steel is increased already pre toughened, generally no heat treatment required Nitriding: before nitriding stress-relief annealing is recommended at 580C. (Meusburger standard) Hardening: 840 to 860C Cooling: up to 180C/220C oil/heat bath obtainable hardness: 52 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 1 hour per 25 mm part thickness. Tempering chart:
HRC 52 50 48 44 40 36 32 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
Application: Treatment by
Heat treatment:
10
Indicatory analysis:
780 N/mm W mK high-alloy hot-work steel with high toughness and heat resistance, hot cracks resistant and good thermal conductivity; for very high requirements available as *ESU/ESR (Electro-Slag Remelting) mould plates, inserts for injection for plastics and die moulds to a high load 27 well polishable Polishing: very easily feasible (graining) Etching: Spark eroding: in the hardened and tempered condition, treat again for stress relief about 20C below the last temperature Nitriding: increases the wear resistance and prevents the bonding of casting material in special cases Hard chroming: Annealing: 750 to 800C, about 4 -5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C; further cooling in air, max. 205 HB Nitriding: Before nitriding stress-relief annealing is recommended at 550C. (Meusburger standard) A treatment at 525C in ammonia-gas results in a surface-hardness of 55 HRC. Hardening: 1000 to 1040C 15 to 30 minutes keeping curing-temperature quenching in water/ oil/ air obtainable hardness: 50 - 56 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; minimum time in furnace: 1 hour per 20 mm part thickness; repeated tempering is recommended Tempering chart:
HRC 58 54 50 48 44 40 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
Application: Treatment by
Heat treatment:
11
1.2379
DIN: X 155 CrVMo 121 AFNOR: Z 160 CDV 12 UNI: X 155 CrVMo 12 1 KU AISI: D2 C Si Mn Cr Mo V 1.53 0.30 0.35 12.00 0.80 0.80
TechnikTipp
- secondary hardening, very good basic material for nitration or coating
Indicatory analysis:
850 N/mm W mK secondary hardening cold work steel with moderate machinability; extremely wear resistant and low warpage, good dimensional stability, thoughness and through hardenability mould plates and inserts, as well as cutting punches, pressure and cutting plates with high wear resistance requirements 21 Polishing: Nitriding: Spark eroding: Hard chroming: Etching: ideal when hardened very well suited, without loss of hardness of the ground material below 60 HRC at core possible
Application: Treatment by
Heat treatment:
Soft annealing: 800 to 850C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C further cooling in air, max. 235 HB Hardening: 1020C 1060C - 1080C quenching in oil/air/temperate bath obtainable hardness: 63 - 65 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature (to avoid forming of cracks) immediately after hardening; it is recommendable to temper 3 times in the secondary hardness maximum; rapid cooling following the tempering improves the dimensional stability Tempering chart:
HRC 66 62 58 54 50 46 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
12
1.2767
DIN: 45 NiCrMo 16 AFNOR: 45 NCD 16 UNI: 40 NiCrMoV 16 KU AISI: 6F7 C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni 0.45 0.25 0.40 1.35 0.25 4.00
TechnicalTip
- To avoid undesirable distortion in spraying of plastics, the tempering temperature after hardening must be 50C over operation temperature. Example.: Operation 200C Tempering 250C = 52 HRC
Indicatory analysis:
830 N/mm 30 W mK
Nickel alloyed steel for through hardening, moderate machinability, very high resistance against bending and compressive strenght, very high thoughness and good through hardenability, also with bigger sections. high resistance against impact and compressive stress difficult mould plates and inserts for the processing of plastics with high surface requirements (mirror polishing); stamping, forming, bending dies for particularly high pressure and bending stresses Polishing: best metallurgical properties for mirror polishing is possible Etching: very well suited Spark eroding: not usual Nitriding: Hard chroming: next to improving of the wear resistance, increases espacially the corrosion resistance
Application:
Treatment by
Heat treatment:
Soft annealing: 610 to 650C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C further cooling in air, max. 260 HB Hardening: 840 to 870C Quenching in oil/warm bath/air Obtainable hardness: 53 - 58 HRC Tempering: Slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening. Minimum time in furnace: 1 hour per 20 mm part thickness. Tempering twice is recommended. Tempering chart:
HRC 58 54 50 48 44 40 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
13
1.2842
DIN: 90 MnCrV 8 AFNOR: 90 MV 8 UNI: 90 MnVCr 8 KU AISI: O2 C Si Mn Cr V 0.90 0.20 2.00 0.40 0.10
TechnicalTip
- Steel grade 1.2510 is an adequate alternative in regard to the profile of properties as well as machining and dimensional stability after heat treatment.
Indicatory analysis:
760 N/mm 33 W mK
cold work tool steel; machining friendly; wear-resistant; dimensionally stable; high tenacity and hardenability up to cross section < 40 mm mould plates and inserts for abrasive chemical stresses; pressure plates and guiding rails Polishing: Etching: Nitriding: Spark eroding: Hard chroming: not common 1.2379
not possible
Heat treatment:
Annealing: 680 to 720C for about 2 -5 hours slow controlled cooling of 10 to 20C per hour to about 600C further cooling in air, max. 220 HB Hardening: 790 to 820C quenching in oil/heat bath (200 to 250 C) obtainable hardness: 63 - 65 HRC Tempering: slow heating to tempering temperature immediately after hardening; tempering twice with intermediate cooling down to 20C increases the tenacity Tempering chart:
HRC 66 62 58 54 50 46 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
14
1.7131
DIN: 16 MnCr 5 AFNOR: 16 MC 5 UNI: AISI: 5115 C Si Mn Cr 0.16 0.25 1.15 0.95
Indicatory analysis:
660 N/mm 44 W mK
Steel for case hardening for parts that should have a core strength of 800 to 1000 N/mm and are mainly exposed to wear. mechanical components with high surface hardeness; synthetic resin squeeze moulds for the working of thermoplastics and thermosets Polishing: possible Etching: Spark eroding: Nitriding: Commonly hardened parts are not nitrided loss of hardness. Hard chroming: recommended, increased wear and corrosion resistance Annealing: 670 to 710C for about 2 - 5 hours slow controlled cooling, further cooling in air, max. 205 HB Carbonisation: 900 to 950C. The choice of the carburizing means and caburizingtemperature influences on the level of the desired carbon level, shape of caburizing-graph and on the required depth of the application. Case hardening: 870 to 930C in powder/salt bath, cooling in oil/heat bath at 160 to 250C Intermediate annealing: 630 to 650C, for about 2 - 4 hours with slow furnace cooling Preheating: 350C depending on dimensions Hardening: curing temperature 810 to 840C harden in 60C hot oil Cooling: down to about 100C in oil, then in air to about 50C Tempering: 1 hour per 20 mm part thickness, min. 2 hours Tempering chart:
HRC 62 58 54 50 46 42 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C
15
Heat treatment:
3.4365
DIN: AlZnMgCu 1.5 / ISO 7075 AFNOR: A - Z5GU UNI: 9007 / 2 AISI: Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti 0.40 0.50 1.20 - 2.00 0.30 2.10 - 2.90 0.18 - 0.28 5.10 - 6.10 0.20
Indicatory analysis:
Application: Treatment by
hardened, high-strength aluminium - zinc alloy with good properties for structure-etching, as well as good machinability, eroding and polishing Density: 2.8 kg/dm3 Thermal expansion coefficient: 23.4 10-6 m/mK max. Temperature duration/short term: 90 / 120 C mould plates for toolmaking; parts for mechanical engineering and jig-making Polishing: Milling: Spark eroding: Etching: Repair welding:
Heat treatment:
16
Cold-work steel
Cold-work steel is used for tools that are generally operated at a temperature lower than 200C. The high alloy cold-work steel grades offer a high wear resistance combined to a good compressive strength. The low alloy grades and those having a low carbon content offer a higher toughness and sufcient compressive strength with a reduced wear resistance. Other noteworthy features are: Economic machinability, cold formability, well polishable and sufciently resistant against agressive plastics.
Hot-work steel
The permanent operation temperature of hot-work steel is above 200C. The hot-work steel thus offers best properties for tools designed to process high performance plastics. Further applications are in the eld of die casting, extrusion and die forging. The following properties are expected of hot-work steel: high thermal resistance and toughness, high hot-wear resistance and high thermal shock resistance.
In the two furnaces (Capacity 40 and 60 tons per day) the steel is being stress-relieved.
C
700 600 500 400 300 200 100 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
cooling period
14 hours= 35C / hour
h
heating up
4 hours
maintain
6 hours
17
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