ENIAC ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer MANUFACTURER Moore School of Electrical Engineering Univ.

of Pennsylvania OPERATING AGENCY U.S. Army Ordnance Corps Ballistic Research Lab, APG GENERAL SYSTEM Applications Solution of ballistic equations, fire control problems, data reductions, and related scientific problems. Timing Synchronous Operation Sequential NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal Decimal in basic computer, binary coded decimal in magnetic storage Decimal digits per word 10 plus sign Decimal digits per instruction 2 Instructions per word 5 or 6

Total no. of instructions decoded 100 Total no. of instructions used 97 Arithmetic system Fixed-point Instruction type One-Address Code -10 Number range 10 -1 to 1-10 -10 ARITHMETIC UNIT Add time(excluding storage access) 200 microsec Multiply time(" " ") 2,800 microsec Divide time ( " " ") 24,OOO microsec Construction Vacuum-tubes Number of rapid access word registers 120 Basic pulse repetition rate 60-125 kilocycles/sec variable. Arithmetic Mode Parallel Information is transferred in parallel as a serial train of pulses.

STORAGE Micros sec Media Words Access Vacuum-tubes 20 200 Magnetic core 100 200 Function table 304 lines of 12 dec digits + sign on each constant set-switch Plug board 96 lines of 12 dec digits + sign each (IBM) Relays 8 buffer capable

of storing contents of one card INPUT Media Speed IBM Cards 125 cards/min Each card has 8 ten decimal digit words plus signs OUTPUT Media Speed IBM Cards 100 cards/mm 200 millisec of card cycle are available for other computer operations. At 50 cards/mm rate, 800 millisec are available for computer operations per card cycle.

NUMBER OF CIRCUIT ELEMENTS Tubes 17,468 Tube types 16 Crystal diodes 7,200 Magnetic elements 4,l00 PHYSICAL FACTORS Power consumption, Computer 174 K.W. Space occupied, Computer 1800 sq ft Air conditioning, Forced outside air.

MANUFACTURING RECORD Number produced 1 Number in current operation 1 COST Additional equipment Magnetic storage $29,706.50 Rental rates for additional equipment: I.B.M. card reader $82.50 per month I.B.M. card punch $77.00 per month Approximate cost of basic system $750,000 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Daily operation No. of Tech. 3 - 8 hour shifts 6 7 days/week A minimum requirement for operation and servicing on a 24-hour-day, 7-day-week basis. No engineers are assigned to operation of the machine, but they are used for design, development of improvements and consultation when total breakdowns occur. RELIABILITY AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE Date unit passed acceptance test 1946 Average error free running period 5.6 hours Operating ratio 0.69 Good time ll3 hrs. (Figures for 1955) Attempted to run 164 hrs/wk

No. of different kinds of plug- in units 44 No. of separate cabinets (excluding power and air cond.) 42 Operating ratio figures for 1954: Operating ratio 0.70 Good time 116 hrs. Attempted to run 166 hrs./wk ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS There are four modes of operation: Continuous, Pulse time, Add time, or Instruction time. A manual pre-set stop box is available. Count instructions and transfer instructions are used.