CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

INDANG,CAVITE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CS: SUPERMARKET

NIKO A. VILLAPANDO 201012046 BS.ARCHITECTURE 2-1 AR. CHRISTINE MARIZ GONZALES

I. Introduction A supermarket is a departmentalized self-service retail store offering a wide variety of food products such as meat, fresh products, dairy, and so forth, along with various household merchandise consumed regularly; for such are alcohol, medicine, clothes and a wide range of non-food products. A larger fullservice supermarket combined with a department store is sometimes known as a hypermarket. Other services offered at some larger full-service supermarkets may include those of banks, cafs, childcare centers or crches, photo

processing, video rentals, pharmacies and/or petrol stations. Architecturally, the supermarket is a large scale emporium of

merchandise that doesn't have to shout to be noticed. It is larger in size and has a wider selection than a traditional grocery store but is smaller and more limited in the range of merchandise than a hypermarket or big-box store. Other advantages include ease of parking and frequently the convenience of shopping hours that extend far into the evening. Supermarkets usually allocate large budgets to advertising, typically through newspapers. They also present elaborate in-store displays of products. The stores are usually part of corporate chains that own or control, sometimes by franchise, other supermarkets located nearby, or even transnational; thus, increasing opportunities for economies of scale.

History In the early days of retailing, all products had to be fetched by an assistant from shelves on one side of a counter while the customers stood on the

other side and pointed to what they wanted. Also, many foods did not come in the individually wrapped consumer-size packages taken for granted today, so an assistant had to measure out the precise amount desired by the consumer. These practices were obviously labor-intensive and therefore quite expensive. The shopping process was slow, as the number of clerks employed in the store limited the number of customers who could be attended at one time. The concept of a self-service grocery store was developed by Clarence Saunders and his Piggly Wiggly stores. His first store opened in

Memphis, Tennessee in 1916. Saunders was awarded several patents for the ideas he incorporated into the Piggly Wiggly stores. The stores were a financial success and Saunders began to offer franchises. A&P was another successful early chain in Canada and the United States, having become common in North American cities in the 1920s.

clare

Fig. 102 Piggly Wiggly

Fig. 101 Clarence Saunders

Fig. 103 inside the Piggly Wiggly general trend in retail since then has been to stack shelves at night and let the customers get their own goods and bring them to the front of the store to pay for them. Although there is a higher risk of shoplifting, the costs of appropriate security measures will be ideally outweighed by the economies of scale and reduced labor costs. According to the Smithsonian Institution, the first true supermarket in the United States, and the world, was opened by ex-Kroger employee Michael J. Cullen, on August 4, 1930, in a 6,000 square foot (560 m) former garage in Jamaica, Queens, New York. The store, King Kullen, named for King Kong, operated under the slogan "Pile it high. Sell it low." The main difference between this store and the Piggly Wiggly stores was that Cullen's store was much larger, and they stocked national brands of food that were not easily found at neighborhood markets. The rise of the refrigerator also gave Cullen the idea to install a parking lot near the supermarket so people could buy large quantities of food for storage. When Cullen died in 1936, there were 17 stores in operation.

II. Design Guidelines

A. Parking In accordance to the National Building Code of the Philippine, Table VII.4. Division E-2, there should only be one (1) car slot for every 100 sq. meters of shopping floor area. B. Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area(TGFA) Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines, Table VII.1. the Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) Based on the Allowed Percentage of the Site Occupancy (PSO) of the Total Lot Area (TLA);

Intrior (or rear) Lot and End lot

Inside (or regular) lot (seeVIII. 9 of

Corner Lot

Through lot

Corner throug h lot

Corner abbuting more #

lot or

See. Fig.VIII.1 0 of rule VIII)

seeFig.VI I. of Rule VIII)

See Fi.VIII.1 2 rule VIII) of

Streets,etc.Rivers,e tc. See (fig.VIII.13 of Rule VIII)

(see Fig.VIII.8 . &VII.5.1 4. Of Rule VII) Commerci al Groups B,C,E,H,I Commerci al 1 (Com-1)l 5x80%

Rule VIII)

5x75%

5x8o%

5x8o%

5x9o%

5x9o%

C. Building Height Limit (BHL) According to the National Building Code if the Philippines, Table VII.2, the Building Height Limit (BHL) by Type of use or Occupancy; No. of allowable Character of Use or Occupancy Type of Building Structure storey/floors above established grade 2. Commercial Commercial (c-1) 3-5 10.00-15.00 Meters above highest grade

D. Setbacks Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines, Table VIII.3. the Allowable setbacks for commercial,industrial,institutional and recreational buildings; Road Right-ofWay (RROW) Width (meters) Front (meters) Side (meters) Rear (meters)

30.00 & above 25.00 to 29.00 20.00 to 24.00 10.00 to 19.00 Below 10.00

8.00 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

5.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00

5.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00

E. Sidewalk

Referring to the National Building Code of the Philippines,Table VIII.G.4 the Range of Required Sidewalk and Planting Strip Widths (total at both sides of RROW) by RROW width; Road Right-Of-Way (RROW) Width Rang of Required Sidewalk Widths (Total at both sides of RROW)

30.00 meters & above 25.00 20.00 10.00 29.00 meters 24.00 meters 19.00 meters

From 1/6 up to 1/4 of RROW Width From 1/6 up to 1/3 of RROW Width From 1/6 up to 1/3 of RROW Width From 1/4 up to 1/3 of RROW Width From 1/4 up to 1/3 of RROW Width

Below 10.00 meters

Table VII.G.5 Minimum Planting Strip Widths By RROW Width; Road Right-Of-Way (RROW) Width Total Minimum Widths of Planting Strip within RROW (width per sides of RROW) (meters) 1.20 30.00 meters & above (0.60) 0.60 25.00 29.00 meters (0.30) 0.60 20.00 24.00 meters (0.30) 0.40 10.00 19.00 meters (0.20) optional

Below 10.00 meters

Typical Free-Standing Supermarket:

TOTAL STORE AREA = 30,000 SQ. FT. TOTAL SALES AREA = 22,500 SQ. FT. TOTAL SERVICE AREA = 7,500 SQ. FT. TOTAL PARKING AREA = 108,000 SQ. FT. (RECOMENDED) TOTAL ANTICIPATED WEEKLY SALES $90 (@ $3 .75 PER SQ. FT OF SALES AREA) = 590,000.00 TOTALCHECKOUTS (ONE FOR EACH $19,000.00 OF SALES PLUS ONE 10 FOR EXPANSION) = 10

EQUIPMENTS:

Good vision arc demands that top shelf be not over 5 ft. 3 in. high, permitting an angle of view not more than 15 degrees above the horizontal. Easy-toreach zone starts at about 15 in. above the floor, the minimum height for the bottom shelf. Face of cans or packages should be as nearly at right angles to eye as practical cans for bottom shelves are now legible lying on their side.

SUPER SHELVING
(note: shelves may be 13/16 boards.) CUSTOMERS ARE NOT APT TO DISTURB A SYMMETRICAL DISPLAY, so goods are placed in random.

TUMBLE DISPLAY

END DISPLAY

CHECK-OUT COUNTER

CAKE SHELVES
(note: shelves may be plywood)

CAKE SHELVES
(note: shelves may be plywood)

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE BIN

Length of "super island" units varies, 9 ft. being the longest in common use. Distance between shelf supports varies about a norm of 2 ft. 6 in. Supports should be set back to permit an appearance of uninterrupted merchandise.

SUPER SHELVING

III. Case Study Robinsons Supermarket in Tagaytay, City was chosen as the subject of the case study since it exhibits modern architecture, more evidently because of its faade. Furthermore, its geographical location is highly accessible being located by the highway. Robinsons is also the biggest among the many supermarkets in the city. Through keen observation and thorough analysis, I noticed that: y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y The faade is observably massive and appears to be durable, and follows the modern style; The faade displays a tropical design which is highly appropriate with the markets location, Tagaytay City; The parking area is spacious, thus collision of vehicles is seemingly impossible; There is a one way traffic; Near the exit is the delivery dock; The simple entourage complements the overall aesthetic of the structure; The customer service area is situated adjacent the baggage counter; Shopping carts are located near the entrance of the store; There are ten (10) cashiers, one of which is a basket lane, one is for the disabled and senior citizen customers and the rest are for carts; Disabled and senior citizens lane is directed towards the exit; Ready to eat goods, like bread and roasted chicken, are located near the entrance and exit; Upon entrance of the market, fruits and vegetables are seen; Fruits and vegetables, processed foods and spices, dairy, sea foods, poultry and meat products are situated adjacent with each other; Foods and non-food products are separated from each other; Beverages are stored together but alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks are sorted. Alcoholic drinks are placed in a separate section; No comfort room is provided for the customers; Employees have their own entrance that is adjacent to the delivery dock; Fire exit is situated near the pantry and the employees locker area, which are seldom visited by the consumers.

Fig. 104 estimated sketch floor plan of the super market

Fig. 105