OVERVIEW OF MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY DANCE
MODERN DANCE - emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a reaction against the
rigid constraints of classical ballet. It emphasizes expression, creativity, and the exploration of
new forms and techniques.
CONTEMPORARY DANCE - evolved from modern dance in the mid-20th century and
incorporates elements from various dance styles, including ballet, jazz, and hip-hop. It often
focuses on the body’s movement in relation to space, time, and emotion, and is characterized by
its versatility and innovation.
PROMINENT INDIVIDUALS IN MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY DANCE
1. Martha Graham (1894-1991)
Dance Style: Graham Technique
Contribution: Known as the "mother of modern dance," she developed a unique style that
emphasized the expression of emotions through movement. Her works often explored themes
of mythology and human experience. Martha Graham, a true trailblazer in the realm of modern
dance. Renowned for her unique dance style, Graham's work was characterized by its raw,
emotive power and its exploration of the human experience. Through her innovative techniques
and powerful choreography, she revolutionized the way audiences perceived and engaged with
dance. Graham's influence can be seen in the work of countless contemporary dance artists,
who continue to draw inspiration from her groundbreaking legacy.
2. Isadora Duncan (1877-1927)
Dance Style: Free Dance
Contribution: Often considered the pioneer of modern dance, Duncan rejected the constraints
of ballet and embraced natural movement, drawing inspiration from ancient Greece and nature.
3. Merce Cunningham (1919-2009)
Dance Style: Chance Dance
Contribution: Cunningham is known for his innovative choreography that often incorporated
chance procedures and collaboration with visual artists and musicians, emphasizing the
independence of dance from music. Merce Cunningham, for instance, pushed the boundaries of
dance through his exploration of chance and chance-based choreography.
4. Pina Bausch (1940-2009)
Dance Style: Tanztheater
Contribution: Bausch combined dance with theatrical elements, creating works that explored
human relationships and emotions, often using everyday movements and dialogue.
Other:
Release Technique – a contemporary dance practice which focuses on releasing excess tension
and finding full body freedom, awareness and integration. It emphasizes a sense of ease and
fluidity, and is the physical state of being efficient, relaxed and ready to move.
