Maryland Comprehensive Assessment Program
Mathematics Assessment
High School Reference Sheet
Formulas
Area ( A ) and Circumference ( C ) Volume ( V ) and Surface Area ( SA )
Name Shape Formula Name Shape Formula
Rectangle w Right 𝑣𝑣 𝑣 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ
𝐴𝐴 𝐴 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 h
l Rectangular
w
Parallelogram b Prism l 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 + 2ℎ𝑤𝑤 + 2𝑙𝑙ℎ
h 𝐴𝐴 𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴
General
Prism
h 𝑣𝑣 𝑣 𝑣𝑣𝑣
Triangle B
h 1
𝐴𝐴 𝐴 𝑏𝑏𝑏 SAα
2 h
b
B
Trapezoid b 2
1 Right r
𝑉𝑉 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 2 ℎ
h 𝐴𝐴 𝐴 (𝑏𝑏1 + 𝑏𝑏2 )ℎ
2 Circular h
Cylinder
b1 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆= 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋2 + 2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟ℎ
Circle 𝐴𝐴 𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 2 Right 1
r 𝑣𝑣 𝑣 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 2 ℎ
d 𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 Circular h
l 3
Cone
𝐶𝐶 𝐶 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
r 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
Formulas for Right Triangles Right 1
𝑣𝑣 𝑣 𝐵𝐵𝐵
Pyramid h
3
Shape Formula l
1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
Pythagorean Theorem B
2
c 𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2 Sphere 4 3
a 𝑉𝑉 𝑉 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
Trigonometric Ratios 3
r
𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 4𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 2
b sin 𝜃𝜃 𝜃 cos 𝜃𝜃 𝜃 tan 𝜃𝜃 𝜃
𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐 𝑏𝑏 Polygon Angle Formulas
Special Right Triangles Interior Angle Formulas
Sum of the Interior Angles of a polygon with
30°–60°–90° 45°–45°–90°
n sides = 180°(𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
2x 60° x 2 45° Measure of an interior angle of an n-sided
x x
30° regular polygon = 180°(𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
45° 𝑛𝑛
x 3 x
Page 1 of 2 Maryland Comprehensive Assessment Program
Formulas
Equations of a Line Coordinate Geometry Formulas
Standard Form: Let (𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑦𝑦1 ) and (𝑥𝑥2 , 𝑦𝑦2 ) be two coordinate
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴+ 𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦𝑦= 𝐶𝐶𝐶 pairs
where A and B are not both zero
𝑦𝑦2 −𝑦𝑦1
Slope-Intercept Form: slope = where 𝑥𝑥2 ≠ 𝑥𝑥1
𝑥𝑥2 −𝑥𝑥1
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑏𝑏
where m = slope and b = y-intercept 𝑥𝑥1 +𝑥𝑥2 𝑦𝑦1 +𝑦𝑦2
midpoint = ( , )
Point-Slope Form: 2 2
𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦1 = 𝑚𝑚(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥1 )
where m = slope and (𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑦𝑦1 ) is a point distance = √(𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1 )2
on the line
Arithmetic Sequence Geometric Sequence Geometric Series
𝑎𝑎1 −𝑎𝑎1 𝑟𝑟 𝑛𝑛
𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎1 + (𝑛𝑛 − 1)𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎1 𝑟𝑟 𝑛𝑛−1 𝑠𝑠𝑛𝑛 = where 𝑟𝑟 ≠ 1
1−𝑟𝑟
Quadratic Formula Distance Traveled Arc Length
−𝑏𝑏 ± √𝑏𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑆𝑆 = 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑑𝑑 = 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 (where 𝜃𝜃 is in radians)
2𝑎𝑎
Continuously Compounded
Simple Interest Compound Interest
Interest
𝑟𝑟 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝐼𝐼 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃 (1 + ) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝑛𝑛
Conversions
Angle Measurements Weights
180
1 Radian = Degrees 1 pound = 16 ounces
𝜋𝜋
1 pound = 0.454 kilograms
𝜋𝜋 1 ton = 2000 pounds
1 Degree = Radians 1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
180
Distances Volumes
1 mile = 5280 feet 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces
1 mile = 1760 yards 1 gallon = 4 quarts
1 mile = 1.609 kilometers 1 pint = 2 cups
1 gallon = 3.785 liters
1 kilometer = 0.62 mile 1 quart = 2 pints
1 meter = 39.37 inches 1 liter = 0.264 gallons
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 liter = 1000 cubic centimeters
Page 2 of 2 MD00101294
Maryland Comprehensive Assessment Program
MD1130418 12345ABCDE Printed in the USA ISD35035
