• COMMUNICATION
• Communication
• is the process of expressing and exchanging information, thoughts, ideas, and feelings.
• is a process that involves the exchange and the development of ideas to achieve a particular goal
or purpose.
• Communication
• comes from the Latin term communis (commonness) and communicare which means (to share).
• Defined as the process by which we assign and convey meaning in an attempt to create shared
understanding. (Tendero, 2014)
• Different Ways of Understanding Communication
1. Communication is synonymous to behavior.
2. Communication is a flow of information.
3. Communication is synonymous to interaction.
• Principles of Communication
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
1. Communication is a process.
• An activity that involves exchange of messages.
• One way for the sender to know if the receiver understood his message is through the receiver’s
feedback.
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
2. Communication makes use of symbols.
Verbal Symbols
Speak – voice and speech sounds
Write – letters
Nonverbal symbols
Includes gestures, body language, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, voice quality like pitch,
volume, stress, rate of speech, intonation, etc.
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
3. Communication is a system.
• Absence of one element of communication will affect the communication process.
4. Communication is dynamic.
• There is no language that does not change.
• Every language does.
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
5. Communication involves meaning.
• The message that we send can be given different interpretations or meanings.
• The interpretation of the message we send depends on who is going to receive it, when, where and
how it is going to be received.
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
6. Communication can be intentional or unintentional.
• We communicate to impart information or share ideas.
• Can be either intentional or unintentional
• Principles of Communication
(Basic precepts of communication)
7. Communication cannot be avoided.
• Even if you do not say anything, you are communicating.
• Process of Communication
• Elements involved:
Source (sender) - The person who sends, communicates or transfers the information to another
person.
Message - The information or idea conveyed or imparted by the source.
• This may include: thoughts, ideas, feelings, sentiments, views, suggestions, or opinions.
Encoding - The process of assembling the message (information, ideas and thoughts) into a
representative design with the objective of ensuring that the receiver can comprehend it.
• Elements involved:
Channel - The component of communication that refers to the method or mode by which a
source sends or transmits the message.
Decoding - The analyzing, interpreting, and converting a coded message.
Receiver - The person who decodes the message sent by the source or sender.
• Elements involved:
Feedback - The response or reaction of the receiver to the message sent to the receiver.
• The process of ensuring the sender that the receiver understood the message in the same
manner and sense as the sender meant it
• Can either be right or wrong
Noise - Interference
• Anything that hinders the transmission of the message.
• Can be:
a. Internal Noise – anything that goes on your mind that hinders you from understanding.
b. External Noise – noise that you hear coming from your surroundings
• Elements involved:
Other type of noise
a. Semantic noise - a barrier in the transmission of a message because of the use of words,
sentences or symbols that are not familiar to the person.
• Denotative or connotative
• Technical jargon – a term used in an organization or discipline.
b. Syntactic noise – can be disrupted by mistakes in grammar
c. Environmental noise – external noise that hinder or disrupt communication
• Elements involved:
d. Psychological noise – can also be considered an internal noise.
e. Physiological noise – noise that refers to physical conditions, like deafness, blindness or having
any other conditions
f. Cultural noise – difference in culture can be a hindrance to communication.
