Numbers Cardinal X Ordinal Cardinal: Cardinals are numbers that say how many of something there are, such

as one, two, three, four, five.

Separation between hundreds and tens Hundreds and tens are usually separated by 'and' (in American English 'and' is not necessary). Example 110 - one hundred and ten 1,250 - one thousand, two hundred and fifty 2,001 - two thousand and one Hundreds Use 100 always with 'a' or 'one'. Example 100 - a hundred / one hundred 'a' can only stand at the beginning of a number. 100 - a hundred / one hundred 2,100 - two thousand, one hundred Thousands and Millions Use 1,000 and 1,000,000 always with 'a' or 'one'. Example 1,000 - a thousand / one thousand 201,000 - two hundred and one thousand Use commas as a separator. 57,458,302 The Number 1,000,000,000 = billion.

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This is very tricky for nations where 'a billion' has 12 zeros. 1,000,000,000,000 in English, however, is a trillion. Singular or Plural? Numbers are usually written in singular. Example two hundred Euros several thousand light years The plural is only used with dozen, hundred, thousand, million, billion, if they are not modified by another number or expression (e.g. a few / several). Examples hundreds of Euros thousands of light years Ordinal Numbers Ordinal: A number that tells the position of something in a list, such as first, second, third, fourth, fifth. Form Just add th to the cardinal number: Examples four - fourth eleven eleventh Exceptions: one - first two - second three - third five - fifth eight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth In compound ordinal numbers, note that only the last figure is written as an ordinal number: 421st = four hundred and twenty-first 5,111th = five thousand, one hundred and eleventh Figures
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When expressed as figures, the last two letters of the written word are added to the ordinal number. Like this: first = 1st second = 2nd third = 3rd fourth = 4th twenty-sixth = 26th hundred and first = 101st Titles In names for kings and queens, ordinal numbers are written in Roman numbers. In spoken English, the definite article is used before the ordinal number: Charles II - Charles the Second Edward VI - Edward the Sixth Henry VIII - Henry the Eighth Vanderlei Guido the Second The chart below list the main cardinal and ordinal numbers:
Cardinal numbers 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one Ordinal numbers 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth twenty-first

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22 23 24 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 101 110 200 1,000 10,000 20,000 100,000 200,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000,000

twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one / a hundred one hundred and one one hundred and ten two hundred one / a thousand ten thousand twenty thousand one hundred thousand two hundred thousand one million two million one billion

22nd 23rd 24th 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 101st 110th 200th 1,000th 10,000th 20,000th 100,000th 200,000th 1,000,000th 2,000,000th 1,000,000,000th

twenty-second twenty-third twenty-fourth thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth one hundredth one hundred and first one hundred and tenth two hundredth one thousandth ten thousandth twenty thousandth one hundred thousandth two hundred thousandth one millionth two millionth one billionth

Videos in Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oYKtfzMSlY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoLCiBlrh00&NR=1 Exercises 1. Cardinal numbers http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4865 http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4313 2. Ordinal numbers http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2367 http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=37

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Karla Romo e-mail: karla.romao@usp.br

Hours There are two common ways of telling the time. Formal but easier way y y Say the hours first and then the minutes. Example: 7:45 - seven forty-five For minutes 01 through 09, you can pronounce the '0' as oh. Example: 11:06 - eleven (oh) six More popular way y Say the minutes first and then the hours. o Use past and the preceding hour for minutes 01 through 30. o Use to and the forthcoming hour for minutes 31 through 59.

Example: 7:15 - fifteen minutes past seven 7:45 - fifteen minutes to eight Another possibility of saying '15 minutes past' is: a quarter past Another possibility of saying '15 minutes to' is: a quarter to Another possibility of saying '30 minutes past' is: half past Example: 5:30 - half past five Use o'clock only at the full hour. Example: 7:00 - seven o'clock In English ordinary speech, the twelve-hour clock is used.

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Watch

For times around midnight or midday you can use the expressions midnight or midday / noon instead of the number 12. Example 00:00 - midnight 12:00 - midday or noon Expressions of time In the morning - a time before 12 o'clock/noon In the afternoon - a time after 12 o'clock/noon and before 6 o'clock In the evening - usually the time between 6 o'clock and 7:30 (almost). Its the period near twilight. At night - normally, after 8 o'clock, when the sky is already dark. Actually, from evening to night and from night to morning depends on your sense of time. Example: 3:15 - a quarter past three in the morning OR a quarter past three at night More formal expressions to indicate whether a time is before noon or after are a.m. (also: am - ante meridiem, before noon) and p.m. (also: pm - post
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meridiem, after noon). Use these expression only with the formal way of telling the time. Example: 3:15 - three fifteen a.m. It is not usual to use a.m. and p.m. with past/to. Example: 3:15 - fifteen minutes past three OR a quarter past three American English Beside past Americans often use after. Example: 06:10 - ten past/after six But: in time expressions with half past it is not usual to replace past by after. Beside to Americans often use before, of or till. Example: 05:50 - ten to/before/of/till six Exercises http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/time/exercises http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1648

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Alphabet Spell http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/ngfl/ngfl-flash/alphabet-eng/alphabet.htm Songs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XEN4vtH4Ic http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fw3l1z9CUQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Er_dDJDAPU0 (write the dialogue, Vila Czamo) Exercises Whats this? How do you spell it? 1. Which letters sound the same? Find the odd letter. 1 AJKL 2 BCIP 3 DETY 4 QRUW 5 FLMO 6 FSVX 7 KPTV

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Days of the week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday The history of the days of the week is closely intertwined with the advancement of mankind through the centuries. The Week came to have seven days mainly because it was a relatively easy way to break up the month into four manageable segments. There was also the fact that the Hebrews believed that God created the Earth and heavens in seven days. This notion of a holy sanction for the seven day week was passed on to other peoples and religions, including Christians and Moslems. In English, some of the names of the days came from Anglo-Saxon gods. Thursday and Friday are originated Norse (Scandinavian people) gods, Thor e Freyja. The name of Saturday is an exception among others, were derived from Saturn (Saturn), a Roman god. In English speaking countries are the days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Most calendars in the United States and Canada considers Sunday (Sunday) as the first day of the week, although in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, South Africa and South America, the first day of the week is Monday (Monday). Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday are called "weekdays" and for the other two days (Saturday and Sunday) form the end of week ("weekend"). But, the days of the week which are considered "weekdays" and "weekend" changes from one country to another. The first day of the week also changes from one place to another and "Business day" means "dia til". Sunday (Domingo) - O nome Sunday vem de Sunnandg, palavra do Ingls Arcaico (Old English). Como a palavra sun significa sol e day significa dia, Sunday quer dizer "Dia do Sol" ("Day of the Sun"). A expresso "Day of the Sun" originou-se do Latim Dies Solis. Monday (Segunda-Feira) - O nome Monday vem de M nandg, palavra do Inlgls Arcaico (Old English). A primeira parte desta palavra vem de moon (lua em ingls). Assim, Monday significa "Dia da Lua" ("Day of the Moon"). Monday uma traduo da expreso em Latim Dies Lunae. Tuesday (Tera-Feira) - O nome Tuesday vem de Tiwesdg, palavra do Ingls Arcaico (Old English) que significa "Dia do Tiw" (Tiu's day). Tiw (tambm
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conhecido como Tew, Tyr ou Tywar) foi um deus da guerra e da glria na mitologia norueguesa e no paganismo germnico. Tuesday baseado no nome Dies Martis, do Latim, "Dia de Marte" ("Day of Mars"), o deus da guerra Romano. Wednesday (Quarta-Feira) - O nome Wednesday vem de W dnesdg, palavra do Ingls Arcaico (Old English) que significa o dia do deus Germnico Woden, mais conhecido como Odin, que era o deus mais alto da mitologia norueguesa e um proeminente deus dos Anglo-Saxes e outros povos na Inglaterra at o sculo XVII. Wednesday baseado no nome Dies Mercurii, do Latim, "Dia de Mercrio" (Woden's day, em Ingls). Thursday (Quinta-Feira) - O nome Thursday vem de nresdg, palavra do Ingls Arcaico (Old English) que significa dia do unor, conhecido como Thor no Inlgs Moderno (Modern English). Thor o deus dos troves na mitologia norueguesa e no paganismo germnico. Thursday baseado no nome Dies Iovis, do Latim, "Dia de Jpiter" (Thor's day). No panteo Romano, templo dedicado aos deuses na Roma antiga, Jpter era o deus mais importante e mantinha seu poder por causa dos seus raios. Friday (Sexta-Feira) - O nome Friday vem de Frigedg, palavra do Ingls Antigo (Old English) que significa "Dia de Frige" (Freya's day), a deusa germncia da beleza. Na verdade, trata-se de uma adaptao do latim Dies Veneris (Dia de Vnus). Frige ou Frigg era a deusa nrdica do amor, correspondente a Vnus da mitologia romana, deusa da formosura, do amor e dos prazeres. Saturday (Sbado) - A traduo Anglo-Sax original de Saturday era Sturnesdg, que em Latim significava Dies Saturni, "Dia de Saturno" (Saturn's day). Saturday o nico dia da semana que possui origem Romana, vem de Saturn. Provavelmente os Anglo-Saxes adotaram esse nome porque no havia nenhum deus noruegus que correspondesse ao "deus Romano da agricultura".

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Exercises 1. Complete the gaps with the days of the week, in the lyric of the song Friday I'm In Love, The Cure. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wa2nLEhUcZ0

I don't care if
Tuesday thursday

monday

's blue
wednesday

's grey and

too

I don't care about you I'm in love you can fall apart

It's

friday

monday tuesday

, wednesday break my heart Thursday doesn't even start It's

friday

I'm in love wait

Saturday

And But

sunday friday

always comes too late never hesitate

monday wednesday

I don't care if
tuesday thursday

's black heart attack

never looking back I'm in love you can hold your head ,
wednesday

It's

friday

monday tueday

stay in bed

Oh It's

thursday friday

watch the walls instead I'm in love

saturday

wait always comes too late never hesitate

friday

And But

subway

Dressed up to the eyes

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It's a wonderful surprise To see your shoes and your spirits rise Throwing out your frown And just smiling at the sound And as sleek as a shriek Spinning round and round Always take a big bite It's such a gorgeous sight To see you eat in the middle of the night You can never get enough Enough of this stuff It's
friday

I'm in love
monday

I don't care if
tuesday thursday

's blue
wednesday

's gray and

too

I don't care about you I'm in love s you can fall apart ,
wednesday

It's

friday

monday tuesday thursday

break my heart

doesn't even start I'm in love

It's

friday

Vocabulary Frown v., frowned, frowning, frowns. v.intr. 1. To wrinkle the brow (enrugar a testa), as in thought or displeasure. 2. To regard something with disapproval or distaste: frowned on the use of so much salt in the food. v.tr. To express (disapproval, for example) by wrinkling the brow. n. A wrinkling of the brow in thought or displeasure; a scowl (carranca). Shriek n. 1. A shrill (estridente), often frantic (frentico) cry.

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2. A sound suggestive of such a cry. Sleek = elegante? sagaz? adj., sleeker, sleekest. 1. Smooth and lustrous as if polished; glossy: brushed her hair until it was sleek. 2. Well-groom and neatly tailored. 3. Healthy or well-fed; thriving. 4. Polished or smooth in manner, especially in an unctuous way; slick. tr.v., sleeked, sleeking, sleeks. 1. To make sleek; slick: sleeked his hair with pomade. 2. To gloss over; conceal. 2. Write phrases about what you did in which day of this week. Also remember to MENTION the name of day in your phrase. Example: On Monday, I went to school and studied about environmental impacts.

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Months of the Year January February March April May June July August September November December The table below shows the months of the year used in English-speaking countries and many other parts of the world. The list shows the order of the months, starting from January (month 1). The abbreviations or short forms shown are the most common, but other abbreviations are possible, for example: Ja./Fe./Ma. or J./F./M. The days column shows the number of days in the month. All months have 30 or 31 days, except for February which has 28 days (29 in a leap year). Every fourth year, the month of February has 29 days instead of 28. This year is called a "leap year" and the 29th of February is a "leap day". A leap year has 366 days instead of the normal 365. Any year that can be divided cleanly by 4 is a leap year, 2012, 2016 and 2020 are all leap years.
Month 1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Short Form Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Days 31 28/29 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 Season Winter Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

The seasons depends on latitude, thats the reason it cant be exact. Some parts of the world have only three seasons. The seasons shown here are for the North Temperate Zone (for example North America). In the southern hemisphere, the seasons are reversed.

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Exercises http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=5583#a

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