Education is not the learning of facts, But the Training of the mind to think

Pioneer’s
Sure Shot Revision Pack
th
9 CBSE
Revision Module
SCIENCE

1. Motion
2. Force & Laws of Motion
3. Matter in Our surroundings
4. Cell
5. Is Matter Around Us Pure
6. Tissue
7. Gravitation
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Motion
Revision question bank
1. A farmer moves along the boundary of a square field of side 10 m in 40s. What will be the magnitude
of displacement of the farmer at the end of 2 minutes 20 seconds?
2. A person walks along the sides of a square field. Each side is 100 m long. What is the maximum
magnitude of displacement of the person in any time interval?
3. In the hare-tortoise race, the hare ran for 2 min at a speed of 7.5 km/h, slept for 56 min and again ran
for 2 min at a speed of 7.5 km/h. Find the average speed of the hare in the race.
4. The maximum speed of a train is 80 km/h. It takes 10 hours to cover a distance of 400 km. Find the
ratio of its maximum speed to its average speed.
5. A car moves through 20 km at a speed of 40 km/h, and the next 20 km at a speed of 60 km/h.
Calculate its average speed.
6. A boy leaves his house at 9.30 a.m. for his school. The school is 2 km away and classes start at
10.00 a.m. If he walks at a speed of 3 km/h for the first kilometre, at what speed should he walk the
second kilometre to reach just in time?
7. A bicycle increases its velocity from 10 km/h to 15 km/h in 6 seconds. Calculate its acceleration
8. What does the path of an object look like when it is in uniform motion?
9. A train starting from a railway station and moving with a uniform acceleration attains a speed of
40 km h–1 in 10 minutes. Find its acceleration.
10. What is the nature of the distance-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an object?
11. What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a straight line parallel
to the time axis?
12. What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity-time graph?
13. A train is travelling at a speed of 90 km h–1. Brakes are applied so as to produce a uniform
acceleration of – 0.5 m s–2. Find how far the train will go before it is brought to rest?
14. A stone is thrown in a vertically upward direction with a velocity of 5 m s–1. If the acceleration of the
stone during its motion is 10 m s-2 in the downward direction, what will be the height attained by the
stone and how much time will it take to reach there?
15. Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be 20 km h–1. On his return
trip along the same route, there is less traffic and the average speed is 40 km h–1. What is the average
speed for Abdul's trip?
16. State which of the following situations are possible and give an example for each of these:
(a) an object with a constant acceleration but zero velocity.
(b) an object moving in a certain direction with an acceleration in the perpendicular direction.
17. A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity increases uniformly at the rate of
10 m s–2, with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time will it strike the ground?
18. A particle is moving in a circular path of radius r. The displacement after half a circle would be.
19. A girl walks along a straight path to drop a letter in the letter box and comes back to her initial
position. Her displacement-time graph is shown in figure. Plot a velocity-time graph for the same.

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20. Suppose a boy is enjoying a ride on a merry-go-round which is moving with a constant speed of
10 ms–1. It implies that the boy is
(a) at rest (b) moving with no acceleration
(c) in accelerated motion (d) moving with uniform velocity
21. Which of the following figures represents uniform motion of a moving object correctly?

22. How will the equations of motion for an object moving with a uniform velocity change?
23. A car starts from rest and moves along the X-axis with constant acceleration 5 ms–2 for 8 s. If it then
continues with constant velocity.What distance will the car cover in 12 s, since it started from rest?
24. A motorcyclist drives from A to B with a uniform speed of 30 kmh–1 and returns back with a speed of
20 kmh–1. Find its average speed.
25. An object starting from rest travels 20 m in first 2 s and 160 m in next 4 s. What will be the velocity
after 7s from the start?
26. An electron moving with a velocity of 5  104ms–1 enters into auniform electric field and acquires a
uniform acceleration of 104ms–2 in the direction of its initial motion.
(i) Calculate the time in which the electron would acquire a velocity double of its initial velocity.
(ii) How much distance the electron would cover in this time?
27. Obtain a relation for the distance travelled by an object moving with a uniform acceleration in the
interval between 4th and 5th second.
28. A ship moving with a constant acceleration of 36 km/h2 in a fixed direction speeds up from 12 km/h
to 18 km/h. Find the distance traversed by the ship in this period.
29. A particle starts from a point with a velocity of +6.0 m/s and moves with an acceleration of
–2.0 m/s2. Show that after 6 s the particle will be at the starting point.
30. Figure 2.E6 shows the speed-time graph of a bus.

(a) In which period is the bus accelerating? (b) In which period is the bus decelerating?
(c) What is the distance covered during its acceleration?
(d) What is the distance covered during its deceleration?
(e) What is the average speed in the entire journey?

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Based on Previous year questions

1. Give an example of situation where displacement of an object is zero but distance travelled is not zero.
2. Derive velocity time relation by graphical method.
3. (i)Derive third equation of motion and position-velocity relation graphically.
(ii)On a 120 km track atrain travels the first 30 km at uniform speed of 30 km/h. Calculate the speed with
which the train should move on rest of the track so as to get the average speed of 60 km/h for the entire
trip.
4. Name the physical quantity that essentially varies as a body moves.
5. Explain an activity to show that, during a free fall heavier and lighter objects accelerate at the same
rate.
6. The velocity-time graph shown, below represents the motion of a body:

(a) During which interval of time, the body is moving with maximum acceleration?
(b) Calculate the average velocity for the entire journey.
7. Write the difference between distance travelled by a body and its displacement. An ant travels a
distance of 12 cm from A to B and then moves a distance of 9 cm at right angle to AB. Find the resultant
displacement and the total distance covered by it.
8. Give an example of a motion in which acceleration is uniform.
9. The following table show the distance travelled by three objects in every second.
Time Distance travelled (in m)
Object A Object Object C
B
1st sec 10 5 12
2nd 10 10 8
sec
3rd sec 10 15 15
4 sec
th 10 20 17
5 sec
th 10 25 12
(a) Classify the motion of the three objects as uniform or non-uniform motion.
(b) Who has travelled:
(i) maximum and (ii) minimum distance in 4th sec?
(c) Calculate the total distance travelled by 'A'?
10. A powerful motorcycle can accelerate from rest to 28 m/s in only 4 s.
(a) What is it's average acceleration? (b) How far does it travel in that time?
11. (a) Draw a position-time graph and a speed-time graph for a ball thrown vertically upwards which
comes to rest on reaching the ground.
(b) With the help of graphical method establish relation between initial velocity ‘u’, final .velocity ‘v’,
distance covered 's' for an object moving with an acceleration 'a'.

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12. A boy on a cliff 19.6 m high drops a stone. One second later, he throws a second stone after the first.
They both hit the ground at the same time. With what speed did he throw the second stone?
13. The graph given alongside shows the position of a body at different times. Calculate the speed of the
body as it moves from:

(i) A to B (ii) B to C (iii) C to D

14. State the type of motion of a particle placed at the tip of the 'Seconds' hand of a watch.
15. Define speed and velocity. Write their SI units. A body is moving with a velocity of 15 m/s. If the
motion is uniform, what will be the velocity after 10 s?
16. (a) For a moving object, derive graphically relation between final velocity v, initial velocity u,
acceleration a and time t.
(b) Draw the distance-time graph for the following situations:
(i) When a body is stationary (ii) When a body is moving with a uniform speed
(iii) When a body is moving with non-uniform speed.
17. A body is moving with a velocity of 15 m/ s. If the motion is uniform, what will be its velocity after
10 s?
18. The velocity-time graph of a truck is plotted below.

(a) Calculate the magnitude of displacement of the truck in 15 seconds.

(b) During which part of the journey was the truck de accelerating?
(c) Calculate the magnitude of average velocity of the truck.
19. A cheetah accelerates from rest at the rate of 4 m/s2
(a) What will be the velocity attained by it in 10 s?
(b) How far will it travel in this duration?
20. What do the following devices measure in a car?
(i) Odometer (b) Speedometer
21. Define the term acceleration. State an example of uniformly accelerated motion. A train starting from
stationary position and moving with uniform acceleration attains a speed of 36 km/h in 10 minutes.
Find its acceleration.

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22. (a) Derive the equation of motion, v = u + at by graphical method.

(b) Which of the two bodies A and B in the following graph is moving with higher acceleration and
why?

23. State an example of a motion in which acceleration of an object is always perpendicular to its direction
of motion.
24. A girl while riding a bicycle moves with the speed of 10 km/h for 2 h and with the speed of 15 km/h
for the next 3 h. Find the total distance moved by her and her average speed.
25. State the equation for position-time relation for a body moving in a straight line with uniform
acceleration. Use graphical method to derive this equation.
26. Give an example of a motion in which acceleration is uniform.
27. A particle moves over three quarters of a circle of radius r cm. Calculate the magnitude of its distance
and displacement.
28. The distance time graph given below shows motion of a student from his home to outside.
(i) Identify the type of motion in following positions
O to A
A to B
B to C
C to D
D to E
E to F
F to G
G to H
(ii) Displacement of the student
Write a story that describes the following graph.
29. (a) Give one similarity and one dissimilarity between

(b) What do you understand by the term acceleration? What is meant by its being positive or negative?
Explain with example. Write its SI units?

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30. A frog hops along as straight line path from point 'A' to point 'B' in 10 s and then turns and hops to
point 'C’ in another 5 s. Calculate the average speed and average velocity of the frog / for the motion
between :

(a) (A) to (B) (b) (A) to (C) (through B)

31. A body is thrown upwards with a speed of 29.4 m/sec find the height the body rises through in
(a) 1 sec and (b) 2 sec. What can you say about the speed of the body in the 1stsecond and the next
second?
32. Study the velocity-time table and answer the following:
Velocity (m/s) 0 10 15 20 15 10 0

Time (s) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

(a) What is the value of acceleration during 0-15 s ?

(b) Is the body in uniform or non-uniform motion?
(c) The time interval in which the acceleration is negative.
33. The distance-time graph of two buses is shown below. The buses start simultaneously in the same
direction:

(a) How much ahead of A is B when the motion starts ? (b) What is the speed of B ?
(c) When and where will A catch B ?
(d) What is the difference between the speeds of A and B?
(e) Is the motion of both the buses uniform or non-uniform? Justify your answer.
34. An artificial satellite revolves around the earth with a constant velocity. Is the statement true? Justify
your answer.
35. A body is accelerating at a constant rate of 10 ms–2. If the body starts from rest, how much distance will
it cover in 2 s?
36. Give one example each of the type of motion when:
(a) acceleration is in the direction of motion. (b) acceleration is against the direction of motion.
(c) acceleration is uniform.

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37. The speed-time graphs of two cars are represented by P and Q as shown below:

(a) Find the difference in the distance travelled by the two cars (in m) after 4s.
(b) Do they ever move with the same speed? If so when?
(c) What type of motion car P and car Q are undergoing?
38. Write one example each of the following situations :
(i) uniformly accelerated motion. (ii) acceleration is against the direction of motion
(iii) acceleration is in the direction of motion (iv) acceleration is lion uniform.
39. A particle is released from rest from a height.
Find the distance it falls through in 1 sec ?
(b) Find the distance if it falls through in 3 sec. Also find the speed with which it strikes the ground
after 3 secs.
40. A stone is thrown in a vertically upward direction with a velocity of 6 m/s. If the acceleration of the
stone during its motion is 10 m/s2 in the downward direction, what will be the height attained by the
stone and how much time will it take to reach there?
41. (a) Can a body exist in a state of absolute rest or of absolute motion? Explain. With example.
(b) Draw a velocity-time graph for an object in uniform motion. Show that the area under the velocity-
time graph gives the displacement of the object in the given time interval.
42. Write 3 points of difference between distance and displacement.
43. Derive velocity position relation by graphical method.
44. (a) An object has moved through a distance. Can it have zero displacement? How?
(b) Draw velocity time graph for uniform motion and non-uniform motion. How can we find
acceleration from velocity time graph?
45. (a) Can an object have (i) zero velocity but non zero acceleration.
(ii) zero acceleration but non zero velocity. If yes give example. If no explain why.
(b) Name two quantities which can be obtained from the velocity time graph of an object. How can we
convert speed from km/h to m/s?
46. (a) A car starts from rest and picks up a velocity of 18 m/s in 10 seconds. Calculate the acceleration of
the car.
47. (a)Draw graph of following
(i) Distance-time graph for a body at rest (ii) speed-time graph for a body in uniform motion.
48. (a) name the quantities which are measured by the area occupied below :
(i) distance-time graph (ii) velocity –time graph.
(b) Mention the nature of the motion of a body whose distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to
the time axis?
49. What is the difference between the motion of an object moving with uniform speed on a linear path
and that on a circular path?

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50. The following velocity-time graph describes the motion of a truck:

(a) Explain the motion of the truck according to the graph.
(b) Calculate displacement and the acceleration of the truck in 0 to 4 s.

51. Mohan along with his schoolmates goes on a camel safari. They travel 3 km north, then 3 km east and
then 1 km north again. Draw the path along which they are moving. What distance did they cover?
What is their displacement?
52. The following table shows the position of Renu, while she is going to her school. Draw the distance
travelled versus time-graph for her motion.
Distance from her
Time home (km)

0.6:45 am 0

07:00 am 8

01:30 pm 8

01:45 pm 0

53. Which of the two bodies A and B in the following graph is moving with
higher acceleration and why?
54. Name the physical quantities whose SI units are :
(i) m/s (ii) m/s2
55. A man travels a distance of 1.5 m towards East, then 2.0 m towards.
South and finally 4.5 m towards east.
(i) Calculate the total distance travelled. (ii) Calculate the resultant displacement.
56. Define uniform velocity.
A train 100 m long moving on a straight level track passage a pole in 5 s. Find
(a) the speed of the train. (b) the time it will take to cross a bridge 500 m long.
57. Name the type of motion in which a body has uniform speed but not uniform velocity.

58. Mention the type of motion represented by the following graphs :

From the velocity time graph shown in figure for a body of mass 5 kg. Find force on body from
(i) O to A and (ii) B to C

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59. State with reasons, if it is possible or impossible, for an object in motion to have:
(a) Zero distance covered and may have non zero displacement.
(b) Zero speed at an instant but non zero acceleration at the same time.
(c) Zero speed and may have non zero velocity.
(d) Acceleration opposite to the direction of motion.
(e) Positive acceleration while speeding up.

Force and Laws of Motion

Revision questions bank
1. Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we vigorously shake its branch.
Or
Leaves of a tree may get detached if we vigorously shake its branch. Explain.
2. Explain, why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose, which ejects large amount of water at a high
velocity?
3. From a rifle of mass 4 kg, a bullet of mass 50 g is fired with an initial velocity of 35 m s–1. Calculate
the initial recoil velocity of the rifle.
4. A boy is wearing a shirt of mass 150 g. How much force is he exerting on the dress? Do not forget to
state the direction.
5. Your physics book has a mass of 400 g. It is kept on a horizontal table. Taking g = 10 m/s2, find the
force (both magnitude and direction) exerted by
(a) the table on the physics book
(b) the physics book on the table
(c) the earth on the physics book
(d) the physics book on the earth.
6. How much force is needed to produce an acceleration of 16 cm/s2 in a body of mass
250 g?
7. A force of 10 N acts on a particle of mass 0.4 kg. Find the acceleration of the particle.
8. A body of mass 1 kg is kept at rest. A constant force of 6.0 N starts acting on it. Find the time taken by
the body to move through a distance of 12 m.
9. The velocity of a particle of mass 150 g changes from 8 m/s to 12 m/s in two seconds. Assuming that
a constant force acts on it, find the magnitude of the force.
10. A force of 4.0 N acts on a body of mass 2.0 kg for 4.0 s. Assuming the body to be initially at rest, find
(a) its velocity when the force stops acting,
(b) the distance covered in 10 s after the force starts acting.
11. A coin of mass 20 g is pushed on a table. The coin starts moving at a speed of 25 cm/s and stops in 5
seconds. Find the force of friction exerted by the table on the coin.
12. A force produces an acceleration of 1.5 m/s2 in a disk. Three such disks are tied together and the
same force is applied on the combination. What will be the acceleration?
13. A constant force of 12 N acts on a body for 4 s. Find the change in the linear momentum of the body
14. Two particles A and B of mass 10 g and 20 g respectively fall vertically. At a given time, the speed of
particle A is 12 m/s and that of B is 15 m/s. Find the total linear momentum of the system of the two
particles
15. Two bodies A and B of mass 150 g and 250 g respectively are approaching each other. Both
particles have a speed of 3 m/s. Find the magnitude of the total linear momentum of the system of
the two particles.
16. A boy weighing 30 kg is riding a bicycle weighing 50 kg. If the bicycle is moving at a speed of 9 km/h
towards the west, find the linear momentum of the bicycle-boy system in SI units.

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17. A block of mass 120 g moves with a speed of 6.0 m/s on a frictionless horizontal surface towards
another block of mass 180 g kept at rest. They collide and the first block stops. Find the speed of the
other block after the collision
18. A truck starts from rest and rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration. It travels a distance of 400
m in 20 s. Find its acceleration. Find the force acting on it if its mass is 7 metric tonnes.
19. A bullet of mass 10 g travelling horizontally with a velocity of 150 m s–1 strikes a stationary wooden
block and comes to rest in 0.03 s. Calculate the distance of penetration of the bullet into the block.
Also calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by the wooden block on the bullet
20. How much momentum will a dumb-bell of mass 10 kg transfer to the floor if it falls from a height of
80 cm? Take its downward acceleration to be 10 m s–2
21. There are three solids made up of aluminium, steel and wood of the same shape and same volume.
Which of them would have highest inertia?
22. Two identical bullets are fired one by one by a light rifle and another by a heavy rifle with the same
force, which rifle will hurt the shoulder more and why?
23. A truck of mass m is moved under a force F. If the truck is then loaded with an object equal to the
mass of the truck and the driving force is halved, then how does the acceleration change?
24. Two friends on roller skates are standing 5 m apart facing each other. One of them throws a ball of 2
kg towards the other, who catches it. How will this activity affect the position of the two? Explain
your answer.
25. Water sprinkler used for grass lawn begins to rotate as soon as the water is supplied. Explain the
principle on which it works
Based on Previous year questions
1. State Newton’ s first law of motion? Give two examples of this law .
A motor is moving with a velocity of 108 km/h and it takes 4 s to stop after the brakes are applied.
Calculate the force exerted by the brakes on the motorcarif its mass along with the passengers is
1000kg.
2. (i)A constant force acts on an object of mass 5kg for 2 s and increases its velocity from 3m/s to 7m/s
.Find the magnitude of applied force .Now if the force was applied for a duration of 5 s . what would be
the final velocity of the object?
(ii)While catching a cricket ball, a player lowers his hands. Why?
3. Explain three applications of conservation of momentum.
4. A heavy leather ball and a light tennis ball of equal size are kept on the floor of a moving train when
train is suddenly stopped, they are set in motion. In whichdirection will they move? Which one of them
will attain higher velocity? (Assume that friction is same for both).
5. (a) Define momentum. Derive its SI unit. How is force expressed in terms of momentum?
(b) Two balls A and B of masses 'm' and ‘2m' are in motion with velocities 2v and 1 v respectively
Compare:
(i) their inertia (ii) their momentum
6. Two objects, A and B are of mass M and 2M with velocity V, V/2 respectively. Which one will have
greater inertia and greater momentum? Give reason for your answer.
7. When a sailor jumps out of boat in forward direction the boat moves backward. Explain the reason for
this observation and state Newton's law governing this observation.
8. A bullet of mass 10g travelling horizontally with a velocity of 150 m/s strikes a stationary wooden
block and comes to rest in 0.03.s. Calculate the distance of penetration of the bullet into the block.
9. Give an example of a motion in which acceleration is against the direction of motion of an object.
10. A body of mass 5kg is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. A force is applied on it so that in 25 s, it attains
a velocity of 35 ms–1. Calculate the force applied.

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11. Write Newton’s second law of motion. Explain how Newton’s Second law of motion can be used to
define the unit of force. Name the unit.
12. State the law of conservation of momentum. How does conservation of momentum take place in each
of the following?
(i) A rocket taking off from ground (ii) Flying of a jet aeroplane.
13. A car of mass 1000 kg moving with a velocity of 40 km/h collides with a tree and comes to a stop in
5 s. What will be the force exerted by the car on the tree?
14. If the force acting on a body are of following type, then describe their effect on the body:
(a) Force of gravity < air resistance (b) Force of gravity > air resistance
(c) Mechanical pull on a bike > frictional force (d) Frictional force = mechanical push on an object
(e) Action and reaction force.
15. A body of mass 25 kg has a momentum of 125 kg m/s. What is the velocity of the body?
16. A body of mass 'm’ is moving with a velocity ‘u’. When a force is applied on it for time t, its velocity
increases to ‘v’. Write expressions for:
(a) Initial and final momentum (b) Change of momentum (c) Rate of change of momentum.
Also write SI unit for each.
17. (i) A force of 20 N acts upon a body, whose weight is 9.8 N. What is the mass of the body and how
much is its acceleration, (g = 9.8 ms–2)
(ii) If weight of a body is 50 N. What is its mass? (g= 9.8 ms–2)
18. While driving vehicle how the use of safety belts prevents accidents? To show that a body remains at
rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, mention one situation from everyday life.
19. State reasons for the following:
(i) When a hanging carpet is beaten with a stick, the dust particles start coming out of it.
(ii) It is dangerous to jump out of a moving bus.
(iii) The passengers in a bus tend to fall backward when it starts suddenly.
20. (a) Define momentum. Write its SI units.
(b) Calculate the change in momentum of a car weighing 1500 kg, when its speed increases from 36
km/hto 72 km/h uniformly.
21. Given an example to show that friction is an important factor in satisfying Newton's third law of
motion.
22. A cricket ball of mass 70 g moving with a velocity of 0.5 m/s is stopped by a player in 0.5 s.
Calculate the force applied by the player to stop the ball?
23. What type of force is acting in the cases given above?

What type of force is acting in the cases given above?

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24. The speed-time graph of a car is given. The car weighs 1000 kg.
(a) What is the distance travelled by the car in first two seconds?
(b) What is the braking force applied at the end of 5 seconds to bring the car to a stop within one
second?

25. A hammer of mass 500g moving at 50 ms–1 strikes a nail. The nail stops the hammer in a small time
interval of 0.01/s. What is the change in momentum suffered by the hammer? Also calculate the force
of the hammer on the nail. What will be the force of the nail on the hammer? Give reason for your
answer.
26. State the relation between the momentum of a body and the force acting on it.
27. A bullet of mass 10 g moving with a velocity of 400 m/s gets embedded in a freely suspended wooden
block of mass 900 g. What is the velocity acquired by the block?
28. What do you understand by inertia? Do all bodies have the same inertia? Illustrate giving an example.
29. A force of 5N produces an acceleration of 8 m/s2 in mass m1 and an acceleration of 24 m/s2 in mass m2.
What acceleration would it give if both the masses are tied together?

30.
In the diagram given above, if the card is flicked away with a jerk, what will you observe? Explain the
reason for this observation.
31. Why friction doesn't roll a ball backward if no force is pushing or pulling it?
32. (a) Define momentum and mention its SI unit.
(b) From the velocity-time graph shown in figure for a body of mass 5 kg, find the force acting on body
from: (i) O to A and (ii) B to C

(c) Which would require a greater force? Accelerating a 2 kg mass at 5ms–2 or a4 kg mass at 2 ms–2?
33. A force acts on an object of mass 4kg and changes its velocity from 10m/s to 20m/s in 5s.
Find the magnitude of force.
34. State Newton’s first law of motion. Give two examples. Is some force required to keep an object in
uniform motion?
35. (a) Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we shake its branches?
(b) An object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force. Is it possible for the object to be
travelling with a non-zero velocity? If yes what can we say about the magnitude and direction of the
velocity?

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36. Look at the diagrams given below and answer the following questions :

In each of the above cases state :

(a) Whether the object will move or not?(b) Mention the direction of motion in (i) and (ii) if applicable.
(c) Calculate the net force in each of the above case.
37. Define the term uniform acceleration. Give one example of uniformly accelerated motion.
38. State reason for the following :
(i) Road accidents at high speeds are very much worse than accidents at low speeds.
(ii) When a motor car makes a sharp turn at a high speed, passengers get thrown to one side.
(iii) The passengers in a bus tend to fall in the forward direction when a moving bus brakes to a stop.
39. A man driving a car without wearing safety belts is thrown out during an accident. Why?
40. A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a velocity of 1 ms–2. Find (i) The magnitude of the force required
to stop the body in 10 s. (ii) the distance the body will move through before coming to rest.
41.

What type of force is acting in the cases given above?

42. Name the physical quantity which corresponds to the rate of change of momentum.
43. Explain the following phenomena on the basis of Newton’s Laws of Motion.
(a) Falling of buildings during an earthquake.
(b) Shattering of car windows due to a bomb blast.
(c) Cell phone breaks into pieces on falling from a table.
(d) Finger cuts while suddenly pulling the thread of an air borne kite.
(e) Guitarists’ finger gets injured while sliding it on a guitar string.
44. Give a relation to justify the wearing of gloves by boxers during a fight.
45. How does a kung fu master breaks pile of tiles with a blow from his head?
46. State reason for the following :
(i) It is easier to stop a tennis ball than a cricket ball moving with the same speed.
(ii) A karate player can break a pile of tiles with a single blow of his hand.
(iii) In a high jump athletic event, the athletes are made to fall either on a cushioned bed or on a sand
bed.
47. A constant force acts on an object of mass 5 kg for a duration of 2 s. It increases the object’s velocity
from 3 m/s to 7 m/s. Find the magnitude of the applied force. Now if the force were applied for a
duration of 5 s, what would be the final velocity of the object?
48. Which would require a greater force accelerating a 2 Kg man at 5m–2 or a 4 Kg mass at 2 ms–2 ?

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Matter in our surrounding

Revision questions bank
1. Why can we sip hot tea from a saucer faster than from a cup?
2. Ice at 273 K causes more cooling than water at the same temperature. Explain.
3. Give two reasons to justify that:
(a) water at room temperature is a liquid
(b) an iron almirah is a solid at room temperature
4. What is the physical state of water at
(a) 25°C (b) 0°C (c) 100°C ?
5. A cooler is quite effective on a hot and dry day. Explain.
6. Liquids generally have low density as compared to solids. But you must have observed that ice floats
on water. Find out why?
7. Why should we call a wooden table a solid?
8. A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this
observation show?
9. The smell of hot sizzling food reaches us several metres away. However, it is not so in case die food is
cold. Explain.
10. During summer, water kept in an earthen pot becomes cool because of the phenomenon of
(a) diffusion (b) transpiration (c) osmosis (d) evaporation
11. On converting 25°C, 38°C and 66°C to kelvin scale, the correct sequence of temperature will be
(a) 298 K, 311 K and 339 K (b) 298 K, 300 K and 338 K
(c) 273 K, 278 K and 543 K (d) 298 K, 310 K and 338 K
12. A sample of water under study was found to boil at 102°C at normal temperature and pressure. Is
the water pure? Will this water freeze at 0°C? Comment.
13. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Evaporation of a liquid at room temperature leads to a…………………effect.
(b) At room temperature the forces of attraction between the particles of solid substances
are……..than those which exist in the gaseous state.
(c) The arrangement of particles is less ordered in the…………………………. state.
However, there is no order in the……………………………..state.
(d) ………………is the change of gaseous state directly to solid state without going through thestate
14. ‘Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion'. Comment.
15. Alka was making tea in a kettle. Suddenly she felt intense heat from the puff of steam gushing out of
the spout of the kettle. She wondered whether the temperature of the steam was higher than that of
the water boiling in the kettle. Comment.
16. Match the physical quantities given in Column A to their SI units given in Column B.
Column A Column B
(a) Pressure 1. cubic metre
(b) Temperature 2. Kilogram
(c) Density 3. Pascal
(d) Mass 4. kelvin
(e)Volume 5. kilogram per cubic metre

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17. A glass tumbler containing hot water is kept in the freezer compartment of a refrigerator
(temperature <0° C). If you could measure the temperature of the content of the tumbler, which of
the following graphs would correctly represent the change in its temperature as a function of time

18. Look at the figure and suggest in which of the vessels A, B, C or D, the rate of evaporation will be the
highest? Explain.

19. It is a hot summer day,Priyanshi and Ali are wearing cotton and nylon clothes respectively. Who do
you think would be more comfortable and why?
20. Comment on the following statements.
(a) Evaporation produces cooling.
(b) Rate of evaporation of an aqueous solution decreases with increase in humidity.
(c) Sponge though compressible is a solid.
21. You want to wear your favourite shirt to a party, but the problem is that it is still wet after a wash.
What steps would you take to dry it faster?

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Based on Previous year questions

1. Give reasons
(i)ice floats on water
(ii)A desert cooler cools on better on hot dry day
(iii)Solid CO2 is known as dry ice
2. For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?
3. Give reasons
(i)ice floats on water
(ii)Sponge is a solid , yet it can be compressed
(iii)people sprinkle water on roof tops after a hot sunny day
4. In an experiment to determine the boiling point of water, mention two important precautions to be
taken.
5. (a)Illustrate with an example that in a substance physical and chemical changes can take place
together.
(b) Which of the following are chemical changes :
(i) Mixing of Iron filings and sand (ii) Growth of plant
(iii) Rusting of Iron (iv) Freezing of water
6. Explain that boiling is a bulk phenomenon but evaporation is a surface phenomenon.
7. "Solid carbon dioxide is called dry ice". Justify this statement.
8. Give reasons for the following observations:
(a) The smell of lighted incense stick reaches several metres away.
(b) A liquid has fixed volume but not fixed shape.
(c) Ice floats on water
(d) wooden door is called a solid at room temperature.
(e) Sponge is a solid yet it can be compressed.
9. Define liquid state of a substance. State important properties associated with the liquid slate.
10. Explain the process of sublimation with the help of a diagram.
11. (a) ‘Evaporation causes cooling'. Comment on this statement.
(b) Explain how water kept in an earthen pot, becomes cool during summer?
12. After a hot sunny day when we sprinkle water on roof we feel cool. Explain the reason for it.
13. (i) Convert the following temperatures into Kelvin scale:
(a) 1000C (b) 250C (c) 200C
(ii) Draw a flow chart to show inter-conversion of matter.
14. What do the following observations about matter demonstrate about its physical nature?
(i) When we dissolve sugar in water the water level does not rise.
(ii) The smell of Dettol can be detected even on repeated dilution.
15. Explain any three factors which affect the rate of evaporation.
16. What do you mean by concentration of a solution? Mention two ways, of expressing the concentration
of a solution.
17. (a)Explain why wet clothes dry faster when we spread them out?
18. Define latent heat of vaporization. Give reason why steam causes more severe burns than boiling
water.
19. Compare the three states of matter on the basis of density, compressibility, rate of diffusion. Give four
reasons to prove that the pen you are writing with is a solid.
20. Why the inter-conversion of states of matter is considered as a physical change? Give throe 3 reasons
to justify your answer.
21. (a) Define evaporation and explain the role of humidity at the rate of evaporation.
(b) Why clothes do not dry up easily during rainy season?

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22. Explain:
(a) Sponge is a solid through it is compressible. (b) Rubber band is a solid though it is stretchable.
23. What are the three different states of matter? Which one of these has a definite shape, distinct
boundaries and fixed volume? Compare the three on the basis of compressibility.
24. Compare the following in three states of matter.
(a) Particle motion (b) Force of attraction between particle (c) Space between particles
25. (a) Define the process of evaporation.
26. Name the states of matter that:
(a) has definite shape, volume and mass.
(b) has minimum force of attraction between the particles.
(c) has maximum force of attraction between the particles.
27. (a) List out-three differences. between-Evaporation-and Boiling.
(b) Why perspiration keeps our body cool?
28. How does pressure help in liquefaction of gas? Name two liquefied gases used in daily life.
29. What is effect of increase in temperature on the solid state of matter? Explain.
30. People of village use earthen pots to get cool water in summer. Explain the reason that why water
remains cool in earthen pots?
31. (a) Name any two processes which illustrate that on heating movement of particles of matter
increases.
(b) Define fluidity. Explain why do liquids flow?
32. List six physical properties of metals. Name two metals. Name a metal which is liquid at room
temperature?
33. (a) When common salt is added to water, will there be any change in volume? Give reason.
(b) Write one similarity between three states of matter.
34. (a) Define the process of vaporization.
(b) Explain four factors which affect the rate of evaporation.
35. State the physical state of water at the following temperatures:
(a) 373 K (b) 300 K (c) 200 K
36. Suggest a method to liquefy atmospheric gases.
37. Convert the following into 0C
(a) 373 K (b) 478 K (c) 649 K
38. Distinguish between solids and gases in a tabular form under the following characteristics.
(a) Rigidity (b) Compressibility
(c) Inter-particle forces of attraction (d) Inter-particle spaces
(e) Kinetic energy of particles
39. Arrange the following substance in the increasing order of force of attraction of their particles.
Milk, Sugar, Water vapour
40. (a) What is meant by boiling point?
(b) Why do we feel comfortable when sitting under a fan?
(c) Give two points of difference evaporation and boiling.
41. Draw a well labelled diagram showing sublimation of Ammonium chloride.
42. (a) Define evaporation and explain the role of temperature at the rate of evaporation.
(b) Why denotes dry up easily during hot summer days?
43. What is the chemical name of dry ice? Why is it called dry ice. Give its preparation.
44. (a) Define evaporation and explain the role of temperature at the rate of evaporation.
(b) Why clothes dry up easily during hot summer days?

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45. (a) Answer the Following :

(i) Out of honey or ink which will diffuse faster and why?
46. Define :
(a) Compressibility (b) Rigidity (c) Fluidity
47. In summers, we prefer to wear cotton clothes. Give reason.
48. Name the states of matter that:
(a) has definite shape, volume and mass.
(b) has minimum force of attraction between the particles.
(c) has maximum force of attraction between the particles.
49. Give reasons for the following:
(a) Our body feels cool when we apply perfume on it.
(b) We get the smell of pizza easily as compared to ice cream.
50. (a) Define latent heat of Fusion.
(b) Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling that water of same temperature?
51. Explain
(c) How is Kinetic energy of a substance can be increased?
52. (a) Explain the effect of temperature on the movement of particles of matter.
(b) Give reason why we get smell of hot sizzling food even when we are metres away from it?

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Cell
Revision Question Bank
1. Why is cell called structural and functional unit of life?
2. How do substances like CO2 and water move into and out of the cell? Discuss
3. If the organization of a cell is destroyed due to some physical or chemical influence, what will
happen?
4. Why are lysosomes known as suicide bags?
5. What would happen if the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down?
6. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi apparatus?
7. Carry out the following osmosis experiment.
Take four peeled potato halves and hollow each one out to make potato cups. One of these potato
cups should be made from the boiled potato. Put each potato cup in the trough containing water.
Now
(a) Keep cupA empty. (b) Put one tea spoon sugar in cup B. (c) Put one tea spoon of salt in cup C.
(d) Put one tea spoon sugar in boiled cup D. Keep this set up for two hours. Then observe the four
potato cups and answer the following:
(i) Explain why water gathers in the hollowed portion of B and C.
(ii) Why is potato A necessary for this experiment?
(iii) Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed out portion of A and D.
8. Do you agree that 'A cell is a building unit of on organism'. If yes, explain why?
9. Why does the skin of your finger shrink when you wash clothes for a long time?
10. A person takes concentrated solution of salt, after sometime, he starts vomiting. What is the
phenomenon responsible for such situation? Explain.
11. Name any cell organelle which is non-membranes
12. In brief state what happens when
(a) Dry apricots are Left for sometime in pure water and later transferred to sugar solution?
(b) A red blood cell is kept in concentrated saline solution?
(c) The plasma-membrane of a cell breaks down?
(d) Rheo leaves are boiled in water first and then a drop of sugar syrup is put on it?
(d) Golgi apparatus is removed from the cell?
13. Differentiate between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. How is endoplasmic reticulum
important for membrane biogenesis?
14. Draw a plant cell and label the parts which
(a) determines the function and development of the cell.
(b) packages materials coming from the endoplasmic reticulum.
(c) provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without bursting.
(d) is site for many biochemical reactions necessary to sustain life.
(e) is a fluid contained inside the nucleus.
15. Why do plant cells possess large sized vacuole?
16. Name the organelles which show the analogy written as under
(a) Transporting channels of the cell (b) Power house of the cell
(c) Packaging and dispatching unit of the cell (d) Digestive bag of the cell
(e) Storages sacs of the cell (f) Kitchen of the cell (g) Control room of the cell
17. Write the name of different plant parts in which chromoplast, chloroplast and leucoplast are present.
18. How is prokaryotic cell different from eukaryotic cell?

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Based onPrevious year questions

1. List two differences between a cell having an undefined nuclear region and another which has a well
defined nuclear region .
2. How does chromatin ,chromatid and chromosomes are related to each other.
3. If a cell having 40% salt solution is suspended in a beaker containing 10% salt solution.
(i)what will happen to the cell in this set up after 20 min ?
(ii)Explain the process occurred in this set up.
4. Karan observed onion peel in the biology laboratory . He could view the cell wall, cytoplasm and
nucleus clearly . Suddenly his friend spilled few drops of salty water on the slide containing the onion
peel. After some time Karan observed the slide and found some changes in the onion cell.
(i)What changes would have been observed by Karan?
(ii)Name the process that brought changes in the onion cells?
5. State what will happen when human red blood cells are placed in hypertonic salt/sugar solution?
6. What is the fundamental unit of life? Who discovered it? How can they be observed?
7. Do all cells of our body look alike in terms of shape, size and structure? What similarities do they have?
Illustrate by drawing diagrams of various cells present in human body.
8. Define plasmolysis.
9. Can a single cell live independently on its own? Explain by giving example.
10. Cell Membrane is made up of organic molecules. Name them.
11. What would happen if there were no lysosomes in the cell? (Give any three effects)
12. Which is the only cell organelle visible in a prokaryotic cell?
13. What are living organisms made up of? Why are they called structural and functional unit of life?
14. Identify the phenomenon by which the cell contents shrink away from the cell wall.
15. How is the genetic material, Deoxyribo nucleic acid present in a non-dividing cell and in a cell which is
about to divide? What are genes? How do they help in heredity?
16. (a) What are the consequences of the following conditions?
(i) A cell having higher water concentration than the surrounding medium.
(ii) A cell having lower water concentration than the surrounding medium.
(iii) A cell having equal water concentration to its surrounding medium.
(b) Name the materials of, which the cell membrane and cell wall are composed of.
17. Name the cell organelle which is commonly called "sucidal bag" of the cell.
18. Classify the organisms on the basis of the number of cells. Give two examples each.
19. State the composition of plasma membrane.
20. On the basis of number of cells living organisms are classified as unicellular and multicellular.
(a) Name two unicellular organisms. (b) What is the full form of DNA?
(c) Name one prokaryotic and one eukaryotic unicellular organism
(d) Every multicellular organism has come from a single cell. Justify this statement.
(e) Which organelle is called the “power house of the cell” and why?
21. How is each living cell capable to perform certain basic functions?
22. Differentiate between plant cell and animal cell on the following basis:
(i) location and size of nucleus and vacuole. (ii) the outermost covering.
23. Draw a plant cell and label on it the following :
(i) two cell organelles that contain their own genetic material.
(ii) the organelles where protein synthesis occurs.
24. Name the process of building of cell membrane.
25. Name the process by which unicellular freshwater organisms and most plant cells tend to gain water.
26. Cell size may range from a few micrometre to a metre. Support this statement with the help of
examples.

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27. Name the process by which CO2 and O2 gases get exchanged across the cell and its external
environment.
28. Draw a neat and labeled diagram of the neuron cell.
29. Why the cell membrane is called .a selectively permeable membrane?
30. Why the cell is called the structural and functional unit of life? Explain the concept of division of labour
in multicellular organisms giving an example.
31. A group of students selected 10 raisins with stalks and weighed them using digital balance. Then, they
soaked them for a few hours. The weight of the swollen raisins was 9.2g which was 4.6 g more than
weight of dry raisins. Calculate the water imbibed by the raisins.
32. A student recorded the following observations in an experiment for finding the percentage of water
absorbed by the raisins.
(i) Mass of water taken in beaker- 50 g (ii) Mass of dry raisins before soaking water = 20 g
(iii) Mass of raisins after soaking water=30 g
(iv) Mass of remaining water in beaker after experiment = 40g
Calculate the percentage of water absorbed by the raisins.
33. Write four main steps of the method involved in an experiment “On determination of the percentage of
water absorbed by raisins in the laboratory.”
34. (a) What is the function of a vacuole in a typical plant cell?
(b) What will happen if an animal cell is placed in a very hypertonic solution? Give reason to justify.
(c) Name the cell organelle which is called as “ the packaging and dispatch unit of the cell.”
35. Draw a plant cell and label with following parts :
(a) Cell wall (b) Mitochondria (c) Vacuole (d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
36. (a) Name and explain the phenomenon responsible for adsorption of water and minerals by roots.
(b) Explain what will happen and why :
(i) If grapes are kept in an isotonic solution (ii) If onion peel is kept in hypertonic solution
(iii) If raisins are kept in hypotonic solution
37. What are genes? What is their significance?
38. Identity the type of cell and write one characteristic feature of each :
(i) large vacuole, nucleus pushed to the periphery
(ii) cell does not burst even in a very dilute medium
(iii) nuclear region is not well defined and is known as the nucleoid
39. Which cell component can be called :
(i) the direction of the cell (ii) the littler nucleus (iii) kitchen of the cell
40. State the site of manufacture of fat molecules in a cell.
41. What are the two dissimilarities between plant cell and animal cell?

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42. Complete the following flow chart :

43. Name a cell organelle which lacks membrane. Where is it prepared?

44. List two similarities and two dissimilarities between a plant cell and an animal cell?
45. Which part of the cell in Eukaryotic organisms plays an important role in cellular reproduction?
46. Where are chromosomes present in the cell? What is their chemical composition?
How many pairs of chromosomes are present in humans?

Is Matter Around Us Pure

Revision question bank
1. What is meant by a pure substance?
2. How are solution, colloidal solutions and suspension different from each other?
3. To make a saturated solution, 36 g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100 g of water at 293 K. Find
concentration at this temperature.
4. Classify the following into physical and chemical changes.
(i) Cutting of trees
(ii) Melting of butter in a pan
(iii) Rusting of almirah
(iv) Boiling of water to form steam
(v) Passing of electric current through water and the water breaking down into hydrogen and
oxygen gases
(vi) Dissolving common salt in water
(vii) Making of fruit salads with raw fruits
(viii) Burning of paper and wood.
5. Give some examples of Tyndall effect observed in your surroundings?
6. Smoke and fog both are aerosols. In what way are they different?
7. Salt can be recovered from its solution by evaporation. Suggest some other technique for the same?
8. Try to segregate the things around you as pure substances and mixtures :
(a) distilled water (b) curd (c) diamond (d) ice cream (e) kerosene (f) cooking oil (g) steel
(h) graphite (i) raw rubber (j) vulcanised rubber (k) solder wire
9. Write the steps you would use for making tea. Use the words-solution, solvent, solute, dissolve,
soluble, insoluble, filtrate and residue.
10. Explain the following, giving examples: (a) Saturated solution (b) Pure substance (c) Colloid
(d) Suspension.

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11. How would you confirm that the colourless liquid given to you is pure water
12. Which of the following will show "Tyndall effect"?
(a) Salt solution (b) Milk (c) Copper sulphate solution (d) Starch solution
13. Arun has prepared 0.01% (by mass) solution of sodium chloride in water. Which of the following
correctly represents the composition of the solutions?
(a) 1.00 g of NaCl+ 100 g of water (b) 0.11 g of NaCl+ 100 g of water
(c) 0.01 g of NaCl+ 99.99 g of water (d) 0.10 g of NaCl+ 99.90 g of water
14. Calculate the mass of sodium sulphate required to prepare its 20% (mass per cent) solution in 100 g of
water?
(a) Under which category of mixtures will you classify alloys and why?
(b) A solution is always a liquid. Comment.
(c) Can a solution be heterogeneous?
15. Non-metals are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity. They are non-lustrous, non-sonorous,
non-malleable and are coloured.
(a) Name a lustrous non-metal.
(b) Name a non-metal which exists as a liquid at room temperature.
(c) The allotropic form of a non-metal is a good conductor of electricity. Name the allotrope.
(d) Name a non-metal which is known to form the largest number of compounds.
(e) Name a non-metal other than carbon which shows allotropy.
(f) Name a non-metal which is required for combustion.
16. Give an example each for the mixture having the following characteristics. Suggest a suitable method to
separate the components of these mixtures.
(a) A volatile and a non-volatile component.
(b) Two volatile components with appreciable difference in boiling points.
(c) Two immiscible liquids.
(d) One of the components changes directly from solid to gaseous state.
(e) Two or more coloured constituents soluble in some solvent.
17. What are the favourable qualities given to gold when it is alloyed with copper or silver for the purpose
of making ornaments?
18. Name the process associated with the following
(a) Dry ice is kept at room temperature and at one atmospheric pressure.
(b) A drop of ink placed on the surface of water contained in a glass spreads throughout the water.
(c) A potassium permanganate crystal is in a beaker and water is poured into the beaker with stirring.
(d) An acetone bottle is left open and the bottle becomes empty.
(e) Milk is churned to separate cream from it.
(f) Settling of sand when a mixture of sand and water is left undisturbed for some time.
(g) Fine beam of light entering through a small hole in a dark room illuminates the particles in its paths.
19. Pragya tested the solubility of four different substances at different temperatures and collected the
data as given below (results are given in the following table, as grams of substance dissolved in 100
grams of water to form a saturated solution).

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Temperature in K
Substance Dissolved
283 293 313 333 353

Potassium nitrate 21 32 62 106 167

Sodium chloride 36 36 36 37 37
Potassium chloride 35 35 40 46 54
Ammonium chloride 24 37 41 55 66

(a) What mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution of potassium
nitrate in 50 grams of water at 313 K?
(b) Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water at 353 K and leaves the
solution to cool at room temperature. What would she observe as the solution cools? Explain.
(c) Find the solubility of each salt at 293 K. Which salt has the maximum solubility at this
temperature?
(d) What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?
Based on Previous year questions
1. Differentiate between homogenous and heterogeneous mixture?
2. A horse shoe magnet was moved over a mixture of iron fillings and sulphur as shown in the figure .
(a) Tell whether the mixture is homogenous and heterogeneous .
(b)Which substance is left on the watch glass after the experiment .

3. The Following substances are added to water in separate beakers A,B,C. Which of the solutions will
show tyndall effect? Which solution shows homogeneity?

4. Why does a solution of sodium chloride not show Tyndall effect but a mixture of milk and water does?
5. Is milk a homogeneous or a heterogeneous mixture? Will it show Tyndall effect? Give reason.
6. Air is considered a mixture and not a compound. Explain.
7. What is meant by a true solution? Write its any two properties and two examples.
8. Rohila took 5 g of iron filings and 3g of sulphur powder in a china dish and then heated them strongly.
On the basis of the information given explain what is meant by a physical change, a chemical change, a
mixture and a compound?
9. How will you separate a mixture of common salt camphor and Iron filings. Describe the process.
10. Explain what is a mixture? Name the two types of mixtures. List two points of difference between
them. How would you confirm that a colourless liquid given to you is pure water?

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11. What do the following observations about matter demonstrate about its physical nature?
(i) When we dissolve sugar in water the water level does not rise.
(ii) The smell of dettol can be detected even on repeated dilution.
12. Define the term - solution. Identify the solute and solvent in the following solutions -
(i) Tincture of iodine (ii) Polluted air
(iii) soda water (iv) Dilute Hydrochloric acid
13. (a) If 110 g of salt is present in 550 g of solution, then calculate the concentration of the solution.
(b) Explain the terms unsaturated solution, saturated solution and solubility
14. (a) What are heterogeneous mixtures?
(b) Why mixture does not have a fixed melting or a fixed boiling point? Give two reasons.
15. A teacher told three students A, B and C to prepare 25% solution (mass by volume) of KOH. Student
A dissolved 25g of KOH in 100g of water, student B dissolved 25g of KOH in 100 ml of water and
student C dissolved 25g KOH in water and made the volume 100 ml. Which one of them has made
required 25% solution? Give your answer with reason.
16. What is Tyndall Effect? Name two mixtures which show this defect.
17. Compare suspension and colloidal solution on the basis of
(a) Type of mixture (b) particle size (c) Scattering of light (d) density
18. Differentiate between an element and a compound. Categorize the following substances into elements
and compounds:
Sodium Chloride, iodine, water, 24 carat gold, oxygen gas, carbon.
19. What is meant by a pure substance?
20. Define solute and solvent. Is it possible to separate them?
21. (a) Tabulate the difference between suspension and true solution with respect to
(i) Filtration (ii) Transparency (iii) Stability
22. How does the solution of sugar in water different from a solution of starch in water with respect to :
(i) Tyndall effect (ii) Filterability (iii) Stability
23. (a) Illustrate with an example that physical and chemical changes can takes place together.
(b) Which of the following are chemical changes :
(i) Mixing of Iron filings and sand (ii) Growth of plant (iii) Rusting of Iron (iv) Freezing of water
24. (a) Write any two differences between homogenous and heterogeneous mixtures.
(b) Identify homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures among the following – Air, salt solution,
kerosene in water, muddy water, soil, soda water.
25. (a) How can we say that sugar is a pure substance whereas milk is not.
(b) Which of the following materials fall in the category of a pure substance?
(i) Ice (ii) Iron (iii) Wood (iv) Brick
26. A student was given the mixture of Iron filing and sulphur. He was told to heat it and observe the
following -
(a) What is the colour of the compound formed? (b) Write the effect of magnet on it.
(c) Write the action of carbon disulphide on it.
(d) Describe the effect of adding dilute hydrochloric acid to it.
Identify the gas and write its two properties
27. (a) Name the compound formed on heating a mixture of Iron filing and sulphur.
(b) If dilute HCl is added to above compound then name the gas evolved and write down its two
properties.
28. How colloids are different from suspensions ? Identify the colloids from the following:
Soda water, milk sponge, clouds, mixture of alcohol and water, Jelly.

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Tissues
Revision question bank
1. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
2. What does a neuron look-like?
3. Give three features of cardiac muscles.
4. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
5. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
6. Differentiate amongst parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of the cell wall.
7. What is the specific function of cardiac muscle?
8. Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.
9. Identify the types of tissue in the following: skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular
bundle.
10. What is the role of epidermis in plants?
11. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
12. Differentiate amongst striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and
site/location in the body
13. Diagrammatically show the difference amongst three types of muscle fibres.
14. Name the different components of xylem and draw a living component?
15. Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary muscles. Give one example of each type.
16. Differentiate the following activities on the basis of voluntary (V) or involuntary (IV) muscles.
(a) Jumping of frog (b) Pumping of the heart
(c) Writing with hand (d) Movement of chocolate in your intestine
17. Fill in the blanks
(a) Lining of blood vessels is made up of…………………. .
(b) Lining of small intestine is made up of……………………. .
(c) Lining of kidney tubules is made up of………………………… .
(d) Epithelial cells with cilia are found in ……………………..of our body.
18. Water hyacinth float on water surface. Explain
19. Which structure protects the plant body against the invasion of parasites?
20. Give reasons for
(a) Meristematic cells have a prominent nucleus and dense cytoplasm but they lack vacuole.
(b) Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues.
(c) We get a crunchy and granular feeling, when we chew pear fruit.
(d) Branches of a tree move and bend freely in high wind velocity.
(e) It is difficult to pull out the husk of a coconut tree.
21. List the characteristics of cork. How are they formed? Mention their role.
22. Why xylem and phloem are called complex tissues? How are they different from one other?
23. (a) Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissues in plants.
(b) Define the process of differentiation.
(c) Name any two simple and two complex permanent tissues in plants.

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Based on Previous year questions

1. List two differences between a cell having an undefined nuclear region and another which has a well-
defined nuclear region.
2. Name :
(a)the element of phloem having tubular cells and perforated walls
(b)tissue that fills the space inside the organs, supports internal organs and help in repair of tissues
(c)tissue which connects two bones
3. Differentiate the following activities on the basis of voluntary or involuntary muscles:
(a)writing the hand
(b)movement of chocolate in your intestine
which tissue is responsible for buoyancy in aquatic plants?
OR
Draw a well labelled diagram of phloem tissue.
4. Write two precautions to be followed while making a temporary mount of onion peel cell.
5. Identify the following diagram:

(i) what type of plant tissue is it?

(ii) what is the function of this tissue?
6. Why are plants and animals made up of different tissues?
7. Write two similarities and four differences between striated and cardiac muscles.
8. Draw a diagram to show the location of different types of meristematic tissues in the plant body.
Which one of them is called cambium?
9. Animal tissues are different from plant tissues. State reason.
10. (a) Draw a neat diagram of neuron cell and label on it the following parts:
Dendrite, Axon,
(b)Name the simple permanent tissue in plant which :
(i) forms the basic packing tissue. (ii) provides flexibility in plants.
(iii) makes the plants hard and stiff.
11. Give one word for the following:
(a) Group of cells with similar structure and designated to give highest efficiency of function.
(b) The process of taking up a permanent shape, size and function.
(c) Animal tissue connecting muscle to bones.
(d) Kidney shaped cells that enclose stomata.
12. Write two distinguishing features between the numbers present in the alimentary canal and limbs of
man. Draw labelled diagrams of the two kinds of muscles.
13. (a) Draw a diagram of epidermis of the leaf showing surface view and label stomata with guard cells
and epidermal cells.
(b) Answer the following:
(i) How the epidermis of the plants living in very dry habitats is adapted?
(ii) Write functions of guard cells of stomata in the leaf.
14. Explain the process of formation of cork.
15. (a) Blood is called a fluid connective tissue? State reason.
(b) Name the various components of blood.
(c) State the main function of blood.

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16. Based upon their function and structure, identify the following tissues and write one characteristic
feature of each:
(i) That stores fat, (ii) That connects muscles to bones.
(iii) That is present in the ear, and nose. (iv) That is a connective tissue with fluid matrix.
(v) That contains contractile proteins.
17. What is the function of sieve tube cells and how are they designed to carry out their function?
18. (a) State the difference between tendon and ligament.
(b) Give the function of adipose tissue.
19. Name the tissue present in the hard covering of seeds. Which chemical is responsible for making this
tissue hard?
20. Correlate the first pair of words given below and accordingly insert a suitable word in the 3 second
pair.
(a) Heart: Cardiac muscles:_______________: Smooth muscles
(b) Tissue repair : Areolar : :Insulation:_________
(c) Squamous epithelium: Protection ::_________: Absorption and secretion.
21. Name the constituents of xylem tissue. Draw labelled diagram of any three constituents.
22. Name the simple permanent tissue which has living cells with thin walls. What is the function of this
tissue in the stems and roots?
23. Which parts of our body are composed of nervous tissue? Name the cells that make up the nervous
tissue.
24. Why are 'simple permanent tissues' called so? Name the different types of simple permanent tissues?
25. (a) Draw a neat diagram of neuron cell and label on it the following parts:
Dendrite, Axon,
(b) Name the simple permanent tissue in plant which:
(i) forms the basic packing tissue. (ii) provides flexibility in plants.
(iii) makes the plants hard and stiff.
26. Give the location and function of lateral meristem.
27. Name the four elements of xylem tissue. State the function of xylem tissue.
28. Complete the following table:

(b) Name the tissue found in

(i) Skin
(ii) Growing tips of roots
29. The cells of meristematic tissue have a dense cytoplasm. State reason.

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30. Draw the diagram of smooth muscle cell and a sperm cell. Comment on the variety of shapes of cell by
taking additional examples.
31. Matrix of a connective tissue can be fluid or solid. Give one example of each kind. Write the chemical
composition of matrix. Write one important function of each of the tissue.
32. (a) Why do sclerenchyma cells have a narrow lumen?
(b) Where are these tissues present and why?
33. Animal tissues are different from plant tissues. State reason.
34. (a) Draw a diagram of epidermis of the leaf showing surface view and label stomata with guard cell
and epidermal cell.
(b) Answer the following:
(i) How the epidermis of the plants living in very dry habitats is adapted?
(ii) Write functions of guard cells of stomata in the leaf.
35. (a) Define tissue.
(b) What is their utility in multicellular organisms? Give reasons.
(c) Why are tissues different in plants and animals?
36. (a) Name the animal tissue which is present in the larynx?
(b) Write the chemical constituents of this tissue?
(c) What functions does this tissue perform?
37. Alloy is considered as a mixture, why?
38. Draw neat and labelled diagrams of the various types of muscular tissues to show the difference
between them.
39. (a) Epithelial tissue is a protective tissue. Give three points in favour of this statement
(b) Name the four types of epithelia tissues?
40. State the difference between the outer layer of the tissue of a branch of a tree and the outer layer of a
young tree stem?
41. (a) Explain the formation of complex permanent tissue in plants. Mention two types of complex tissues
and write their functions.
(b) How simple permanent tissues are different from complex permanent tissues.

Gravitation
Revision question bank
1. What do you mean by free fall? OR What is meant by free fall?
2. What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity?
3. What is the difference between the mass of an object and its weight?
1
4. Why is the weight of an object on the moon th its weight on the earth?
6
5. How does the force of gravitation between two objects change when the distance between them is
reduced to half?
6. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and a 1kg object on its surface?
Mass of the earth is 6  1024 kg and radius of earth is 6.4  106 m.6. 9.8 N
7. If the moon attracts the earth, why does the earth not move towards the moon?
8. What happens to the force between two objects, if
(i) the mass of one object is doubled ?
(ii) the distance between the objects is doubled and tripled ?
(iii) the masses of both the objects are doubled ?
9. What is the importance of universal law of gravitation?
10. What is the acceleration of free fall?
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11. What do we call the gravitational force between the earth and an object?
12. Why will a sheet of paper fall slower than one that is crumpled into a ball?
13. Calculate the force of gravitation between the earth and the sun, given that the mass of the earth
= 6  1024 kg and of the sun = 2  1030 kg. The average distance between the two is 1.5  1011 m.
14. A stone is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 40 m/s and is caught back. Taking g =
10 m/s2, find the maximum height reached by the stone. What is the net displacement and the total
distance covered by the stone?
15. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 49 m/s. Calculate (i) the maximum height to
which it rises. (ii) the total time it takes to return to the surface of the earth.
16. A stone is allowed to fall from the top of a tower 100 m high and at the same time another stone is
projected vertically upwards from the ground with a velocity of 25 m/s. Calculate when and where
the two stones will meet?
17. A ball thrown up vertically returns to the thrower after 6 s. Find (a) the velocity with which it was
thrown up, (b) the maximum height it reaches, and (c) its position after 4 s
18. What is the source of centripetal force that a planet requires to revolve around the sun? On what
factors does that force depend?
19. On the earth, a stone is thrown from a height in a direction parallel to the earth's surface while
another stone is simultaneously dropped from the same height. Which stone would reach the ground
first and why?
20. Suppose gravity of the earth suddenly becomes zero, then in which direction will the moon begin to
move if no other celestial body affects it?
21. How does the weight of an object vary with respect to mass and radius of the earth? In a hypothetical
case, if the diameter of the earth becomes half of its present value and its mass becomes four times of
its present value, then how would the weight of any object on the surface of the earth be affected?
22. Two objects of masses m1 and m2 having the same size are dropped simultaneously from heights h1
and h2 respectively. Find out the ratio of time they would take in reaching the ground. Will this ratio
remain the same if (i) one of the objects is hollow and the other one is solid and (ii) both of them are
hollow, size remaining the same in each case. Give reason.

Based on Previous year questions

1. Give three points of differences between mass and weight of an object?
2. Identify the force and explain how:
(i) it is responsible for the moon revolving round the earth.
(ii) it is involved in the formation of tides in the sea.
3. The weight of a body at a height equal to be radius of the earth is 'N'. What will be its weight at a height
equal to three times the radius of the earth?
4. (a) As the altitude increases/ how do the weight and mass of the body vary?
(b) A stone resting on the ground has a gravitational force of 20 N acting on it. What is the weight and
mass of the stone? (Take g =10 ms–2)
5. (a) Establish a relation between g and G.
(b) Write the units of ‘g’ and ‘G’
(c) Which force accelerates a body in free fall? A ball thrown vertically upwards
comes to rest after reaching at a height. Why? What is its acceleration while going up?
6. The weight of a man on the surface of earth is 588 N. Find his mass, taking g = 9.8 ms–2. If the man were
taken to the surface of moon, his weight would be 98 N. What is his mass on the moon?
7. Can a body has mass, but no weight? Give reasons for your answer.
8. (a) Derive an equation to calculate the acceleration due to gravity using Universal law of gravitation and
Newton's second law of motion.

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(b) Two objects with different masses are thrown from the same height. Will they reach the surface at
the same time? Justify.
9. "All the objects in the universe attract each other".
(a) What is this force of attraction called as?
(b) Name any two factors on which this force of attraction depends.
10. The gravitational force between two objects is 100 N. How should the distance between these objects
be changed so that the force between them becomes 50 N?
11. Explain the force responsible for the following:
(i) Moon revolves around the earth.
(ii) Objects lying apart on earth attract each other, yet they do not cling to each other.
12. (i) Suppose a planet exists whose mass and radius both are one - half of the value of earth Calculate the
acceleration due to gravity on the surface of this planet.
(ii) What is the acceleration produced in a freely falling body of mass 10kg (Neglect an resistance).
13. (a) What is the weight of an object with mass 10 kg on moon? The value of gravitational acceleration
g
on moon= and (g on earth = 9.8 ms–2
6
(b) Differentiate between mass and weight of a body. Write any four differences.
14. The earth’s gravitational force causes an acceleration of 5 m/s2 in a 1 kg mass somewhere in space.
How much will the acceleration in a 3kg mass be at the same place? Give your answer with reason.
15. Find the weight of an object at a height 6400 km above the earth’s surface. The weight of the object at
the surface of the earth is 20 N and the radius of the earth is 6, 400 km.
16. Derive the formula for the gravitational force using the factors on which it depends.
17. (i) Is the acceleration due to gravity of earth 'g' always a constant at every place? Discuss.
(ii) During a free fall will heavier objects accelerate more than lighter ones? Give reason for your
answer.
18. An object is thrown upwards with a velocity of 20m/s. Find the time taken by the object to return to
the ground.
19. State Newton’s law of gravitation. Give two points of importance of this law.
20. Where is the value of acceleration due to gravity more-on poles or on equator of earth? Find the force
of attraction between two objects of mass 5 kg and 2kg separated by a distance of 4m.
21. Why is Newton’s law of gravitation called universal law?
(a) Give its numerical expressions.
(b) Mass of an object is 10 kg. What is its weight on the earth? (g = 9.8m/s2)
22. Give reason:
(a) Why does a sheet of paper fall slower than a crumpled ball of paper.
(b) Why does 1 kg of potato weigh more than 1 kg at equator?
(c) Why does every object fall downwards when dropped from a height?
23. What will be the value of ‘g’ at the poles as compared to the value of ‘g’ at the equator?
24. State the importance of the universal law of Gravitation on what factors the value of ‘g’ depends.
25. At some place on the equator, a bag of sugar weighs ‘W’ kg. Will it weigh same, or more or less when
taken to Antartica? Give reason for your answer.
26. (a) An object is thrown vertically upwards and rises to a height of 10m. Calculate:
(i) the velocity with which the object was thrown upward and
(ii) the time taken by the object to reach the highest point.
27. How does the force of gravity depend upon masses of body and distance between them?
28. “Several phenomena of celestial bodies were believed to be unconnected but universal law of
gravitation was successful to explain them”. Mention any two phenomena.

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29. What is the relation between the mass m and the weight w of a body? What are the differences
between the two?
30. Is there a change in the velocity of a freely falling object? Why?
31. (a) Differentiate between ‘G’ and ‘g’.
(b) Is the value of ‘g’ same everywhere on earth? Reason out.
(c) How does the gravitational force between two objects change if distance between them is tripled?
32. Explain an activity to show that, during a free fall heavier and lighter objects accelerate at the same
rate.
33. A ball A is dropped from a 44.1 m high cliff. Two seconds later, another ball B is thrown downwards
from the same place with some initial speed. The two balls reached the ground together. Find the
speed with which the ball B was thrown.
34. Define ‘acceleration due to gravity of earth’. Does the acceleration produced in a freely falling body
depend on the mass of the body? Justify your answer mathematically.
35. Communication satellites move in orbits of radius 44, 000 km around the earth. Find the acceleration
of such a satellite assuming that the only force acting on it is that due to the earth.
Mass of the earth = 6  1024 kg. (G = .6.67  10–11 Nm2/kg2)
36. Calculate the force of gravitation between two objects of masses 10 kg and 20 kg at a distance of 10 m
from each other.
[G = 6.67  10–11Nm–2kg–2]
37. (a) Write answer of the following with appropriate reason:
(i) How does value of ‘g’ vary at equator and at poles
(ii) Weight of an object is 98 N at the surface of the earth. What will be its weight at the centre of the
earth?
(iii) The earth’s gravitational force cause an acceleration of 5 m/s2 on a 1 kg mass somewhere in space.
How much will the acceleration of a 3 kg mass be at the same place?
38. (a) A person weighs 110.84 N on moon, whose acceleration due to gravity is 1/6 of that earth. If the
value of ‘g’ on earth is 9.8 ms–2. Calculate.
(i) ‘g’ on moon. (ii) mass of person on moon (iii) weight of person on earth
(b) How does the value of ‘g’ vary on earth and why?
39. Let us consider the force of gravitation between two objects as ‘F” and distance between them as ‘r’.
What will be the effect on force if :
1th
(a) ‘r’ is reduced to .
4
(b) If the masses of both the objects are increased by three times.
40. Define:
(i) Universal gravitational constant. (ii) Centripetal force. (iii) Free fall

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