NRSC4092/5092
Neurohormones that are Effector Hormones:
Hormone Name Source (location of cell body Chemical Target Tissue and Primary
which produces the hormone) Structure Effect
Vasopressin Magnocellular cells in the peptide Kidney: water resorption.
(AVP or ADH) supraoptic nucleus (SON) and (9 amino acids) Blood vessels: vasoconstriction
paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of
the hypothalamus
Oxytocin Magnocellular cells in the peptide Mammary gland: milk ejection.
(Oxy) supraoptic nucleus (SON) and (9 amino acids) Uterus: contractions during
paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of childbirth
the hypothalamus
Neurohormones that are Releasing Hormones/Factors:
Hormone Name Source (location of Chemical Structure Effect:
parvocellular Target Tissue (and target hormone)
neurons in
hypothalamus)
Gonadotropin preoptic area, peptide Gonadotrophs (stimulate FSH and LH
Releasing Hormone suprachiasmatic n., (10 amino acids) release)
(GnRH) arcuate n.
Thyrotropin Releasing paraventricular peptide Thyrotrophs (stimulate TSH release)
Hormone nucleus (3 amino acids)
(TRH) (PVN)
Growth Hormone medial basal peptide Somatotrophs (stimulate GH release)
Releasing Hormone hypothalamus, arcuate (44 amino acids)
(GHRH) nucleus
Somatostatin periventricular peptide Somatotrophs (inhibit GH release)
nucleus (14 amino acids)
Dopamine arcuate nucleus monoamine Lactotrophs (inhibit Prl release)
Corticotropin PVN peptide Corticotrophs (stimulate ACTH and
Releasing Hormone (41 amino acids) beta-endorphin release)
(CRH)
