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Purpose of Contouring:
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Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
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Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
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Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
METHODS OF CONTOURING
There are mainly two methods of locating contours:-
(1)Direct Method and
(2) Indirect Method.
a) by square method/Grid method
b) by cross sections
c) by tacheometric method/Radial line
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Example:
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Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Contour gradient
• An imaginary line on the surface of the earth having a
constant inclination with the horizontal (slope) is called
contour gradient.
• The inclination of a contour gradient is generally given
either as rising gradient or falling gradient, and is expressed
as ratio of the vertical height to a specified horizontal
distance.
• If the inclination of a contour gradient is 1 in 50, it means
that for every 50 m horizontal distance, there is a rise (or
fall) of 1 m.
Locating contour Gradient on a Map
• With the aid of contour plan, it is easy to trace a contour
gradient of desired inclination on a paper, and even transfer
it later to the ground.
To locate a rising gradient of 1 in 100 from a point say P situated on 200 m contour on
the map having contour interval 10 m at a scale of 1: 5000, draw an arc of radius with
radius at P
Radius of arc (R) = 100 10 100 = 20cm
5000
The arc cuts the 210 m contour at Q. Locate R and S on 220m and 230 m contours
taking arcs of radius of 20 cm with centers at R and S, respectively. Join P, Q, R
and S. The line P to S represents the contour gradient on the ground having
constant slope of 1 in 100. Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
Bharat Bahadur Dhakal
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