Book 2A Chapter 3

Book 2A Chapter 3 Factorization of Polynomials

" Warm-up Exercise

Expand each of the following expressions. (1 – 9)

1. (a) 3(2x + 5) (b) 4(5 – 7x)

2. (a) –7(6x – 9) (b) –6(3x + 7y)

3. (a) –y(2 – 5x) (b) 7x(3 + 4x)

4. (a) (7x – 2)(2x) (b) (9x – 2y)(–3x)

5. (a) (x + 5)(x + 6) (b) (7x – 1)(2x + 1)

6. (a) (3x + 4)(2x + 5) (b) (7x – 6)(3x – 4)

7. (a) –(6x + 1)(7x – 4) (b) 2(3x – 8)(4 – 9x)

8. (a) (x + 5y)(7x + 3y) (b) (2x – 7y)(8x + 5y)

9. (a) (5x – 9y)(7x – y) (b) (8x – 9y)(2y – 9x)

Expand each of the following expressions. (10 – 18)

10. (a) (x + 9)2 (b) (2 + x)2

11. (a) (x – 7)2 (b) (3 – x)2

12. (a) (x + 7)(x – 7) (b) (3 – x)(3 + x)

13. (a) (3x + 4)2 (b) (2 + 5x)2

14. (a) (8x – 3)2 (b) (2 – 3x)2

15. (a) (3x + 8)(3x – 8) (b) (9 – 6x)(9 + 6x)

16. (a) (6x + 7y)2 (b) (5x – 4y)2

17. (a) (6x + 4y)(6x – 4y) (b) (3y – 5x)(3y + 5x)

18. (a) (–5x – 7y)2 (b) (2x – 11y)(11y + 2x)

36 © Educational Publishing House Ltd

 Factorization of Polynomials

3.1 Simple Factorization atb

Demonstration 1
Factorize each of the following expressions. 1. Factorize each of the following expressions.
(a) 6a + 6b (b) –xy – yz (a) 2a – 2b (b) –pr – rq
(c) –4a + 8b – 16c 2
(d) x – 2xy + 3x 0
(c) –6a – 24b – 18c
之 000
(d) –2b2 – 5ab + 7b
Solution ) 2a 2b lb ) pr rq
-

(
⼀

a -

(a) 6a + 6b = 6(a) + 6(b)

b) r ( ptq )
La
-
=
= 6(a + b) =
-

(b) –xy – yz = –yx – yz

作_
= –y(x) + (–y)(z)
07
a
- 巡到 - 2 5

ab+ 73
7 b)
lat 4 bt 3 d bl 2 b + 5n
-

= –y(x + z)
(c) –4a + 8b – 16c = –4(a) + (–4)(–2b) + (–4)(4c) =
-
6 =
-

µ
2b
√
bC -
-

5 a +2b )
=

= –4(a – 2b + 4c)
(d) x2 – 2ax + 3x = (x)x + (–2a)x + (3)x
= (x – 2a + 3)x
= x(x – 2a + 3)

Demonstration 2
Factorize each of the following expressions. 2. Factorize each of the following expressions.
(a) 7ab – 21ac (b) 3x2 – 6x + 24x3 0
(a) –12xy – 18xz 0
(b) 6x – 10x2 – 8x3
}
Solution l 8 xz 比 1 oxr δx _

12xy
-
-

(a) 7ab – 21ac = 7a(b) + 7a(–3c) )

2

=
-

6 x [2 g +3 r) =
2x ( -
} ±5xtax
= 7a(b – 3c)
(b) 3x2 – 6x + 24x3 = 3x(x) + 3x(–2) + 3x(8x2)
= 3x(x – 2 + 8x2)

Demonstration 3
Factorize 2x + 2y – xz – yz. 3. Factorize 3ac – 3ad + bc – bd.
Solution 3 a ( c dl + b ( c d )
= -
-

2x + 2y – xz – yz = 2(x + y) – z(x + y) =

(
3 tb) ( c -
d )
= (x + y)(2 – z)

txz)
=

(z
Demonstration 4 y
Factorize 5x2 – yz – 5xz + xy. 4. Factorize x2 + yz2 + xz + xyz.

三⾶ 呢器
Solution

5x2 – yz – 5xz + xy = 5x2 – 5xz + xy – yz

z
= 5x(x – z) + y(x – z)
= (x – z)(5x + y)

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Book 2A Chapter 3

Factorize each of the following expressions. (5 – 28)

5. 3a + 12b 6. 15b – 9c

7. –26c – 39d 8. –3e + 7de

9. 4pqr + 9pr 10. –24ab – 60bc

11. –25abc + 30bcd 12. x3 + x2

13. –26p2 – 13pq 14. 4p2q – 6pq2

15. 11x3y + 3xy2z 16. 24a2b3c – 16b2c2

17. –4a – 36b – 24c 18. 6b – 18a + 27c

19. 2p – 5pq – 7pr 20. –15tu + 3u + 21uv

21. 20m + 15mn – 25mp 22. –22rt – 121st + 132rst

23. abc + abd – bcd 24. 3dh + 9cdh – 81dgh

25. p4q + p3q – p5 26. 3x3y + 2x2z + 5x4y

27. –9p2q – 6p2r – 12pq 28. –27x2yz + 18xy2z – 45xyz2

Factorize each of the following expressions. (29 – 44) ⼀

29. p(p – q) + (p – q) 30. s(s – t) – 3t(s – t)

a - ytt ( x -1
3 ( x 2 ) ty (x
)

- 2- (

-
ε

x3 g
31. 2a + ab + 2 + b 0
32. 3x – 6 + xy – 2y
(3ty ] ( x
3 (x
-
2
|+ y (x
-
2
) =
- 2 )

④
33. ab + bc – ad – cd + xy ÷ -

y
= -
x
34. 8p + 6pq + 12r + 9qr
ab ( ct 17
abc tab
txy ÷ Y =+ 1
y Y
- -
⼀
=
-

y(
⑨①θ= xt 1 )
-

+
xg
-

⑥
35. oo
x2 – x + xy – y
=
yt -x (- x
- )
⑥
- x

)
+1
36. 2m2 + 8mn + 3m + 12n
hktlc = k ( hth
)

37. 14a2b + 21ab2c – 6ac – 9bc2 38. 4a + 3b + 4 + 3ab 2

h(h ) h
⑩ qbtbtatpyat
1
- h hi- =
-
h ( 1Hh) - = -

39. –2x + 4y + xy – 8
ta
0
40. hk – h – h 2
+k
( k h ) ( Hh
)

abitacdddetbe D ( ht 1 ) h ( l +h )
-

=
=
-

0
41. abc + de + be + acd 42. x3y + x2y2 – xz – yz
= ac ( btdti + ( dth e
+1

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 Factorization of Polynomials

43. 2m2 + 8mn – 3m – 12n 44. 5p2 – 3pr – 6qr + 10pq

Factorize each of the following expressions. (45 – 60)

45. q(p – 2q) + (2q – p) 46. 4m(3m – 5n) – n(5n – 3m)

47. 2x(3x – 4y) – 21x + 28y 48. 5b(5b – a) + a(a – 5b)

49. 4x(3y – 2x) + 6y(2x – 3y) 50. (x + 4y)2 + x + 4y

51. (a + 4b)2 – 3(a + 4b) 52. 4(p – 5) – (p – 5)2

53. s(7s + 9t) – (7s + 9t)2 54. 10b – 2ab – (a – 5)2

55. (2x + y)(6x – 11y) + 4y(6x – 11y) 56. (2p – q)(5p – 8q) – 4p(8q – 5p)

57. (8x – 7)2 + (2x + y)(8x – 7) 58. (3a – b)2 – (b + 2a)(b – 3a)

59. 2(2x – 3)2 + (2x + 3)(2x – 3) 60. 3(2m – 5n)2 + (5n – 2m)(5 – m)

Factorize each of the following expressions. (61 – 74)

61. 3a(7b – a) – 6b(7b – a) 62. 4m2 + 8mn + 6m + 12n

63. 4p + 12pq + 45pqr + 15pr 64. –3ab2 – 9b3 – 4a2 – 12ab

65. –x3 – x2 – x – 1 66. 7xy – 42yz2 – 21xz + 14y2z

67. 12ab2 – 12ac2 + 8a2c – 18b2c 68. 3a2b – 5ab2 – 15a2 + 25ab

69. 8(x + 2y) + x2(x + 2y) – y(x + 2y) 70. 5(a – 2b + 5c) – ac + 2bc – 5c2

71. (5x – 3y)2 + 2(5x – 3y) + x(3y – 5x) 72. ax + ay – bx – by + cx + cy

73. 3am – 4bm + 2m – 9an + 12bn – 6n 74. 3a2b + 6b2c + 9a3 + 18abc – 6a3b – 12ab2c

75. (a) Factorize (h + k)2 + h2 + hk.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (h + k)2 + h2 + hk + 2h + k.

76. (a) Factorize (6x + 5y)2 – 42xy – 35y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (6x + 5y)2 – 42xy – 35y2 + y – 3x.

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Book 2A Chapter 3

77. (a) Factorize 8mn + 6n2 – 2(4m + 3n)2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 4m2 + 10mn + 6n2 – 2(4m + 3n)2.

78. (a) Factorize x2 + 5x.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x2 + 6x + 5.

79. (a) Factorize 2x2 + xy.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 2x2 – 9xy – 5y2.

80. (a) Factorize –x2 + 2x.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x3 – 3x2 + (2 + y)x – 2y.

81. Factorize x(x + z) + x(x + y) + xz + x(y + z) + (y + z)z.

Multiple Choice Questions

82. ab – ac + 2bc – 2b2 =
A. (a + 2b)(b – c).
B. (a – 2b)(b – c).
C. (a – 2b)(c – b).
D. (a + 2b)(c – b).

83. Which of the following are the factors of (x – 1)2 + 2(x – 1) + x(x + 1)?
I. x–1
II. x+1
III. 2x – 1
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

84. Which of the following polynomials have a common factor with each other?
I. a2 – bc + ab – ac
II. b2 – ac + bc – ab
III. c2 + ab – bc – ac
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

40 © Educational Publishing House Ltd

 Factorization of Polynomials

3.2 Factorization by Using the Identities of Difference of Two Squares and Perfect Square

Demonstration 1
Factorize the following expressions. 1. Factorize the following expressions.
(a) x2 – 16 (b) –169 + y2 (a) a2 – 289 (b) –256 + b2
Solution

(a) x2 – 16 = x2 – 42
= (x + 4)(x – 4)
(b) –169 + y2 = y2 – 169
= y2 – 132
= (y + 13)(y – 13)

Demonstration 2
Factorize 49x2 – 144y2. 2. Factorize 361a2 – 324b2.
Solution

49x2 – 144y2 = (7x)2 – (12y)2

= (7x + 12y)(7x – 12y)

Demonstration 3
Factorize 2x2 – 200. 3. Factorize 36 – 4n2.
Solution

2x2 – 200 = 2(x2 – 100)

= 2(x2 – 102)
= 2(x + 10)(x – 10)

Demonstration 4
Factorize x2 – 8x + 16. 4. Factorize p2 – 16p + 64.
Solution

x2 – 8x + 16 = x2 – 2(x)(4) + 42
= (x – 4)2

Demonstration 5
Factorize 49x2 + 70xy + 25y2. 5. Factorize 196m2 + 140mn + 25n2.
Solution

49x2 + 70xy + 25y2 = (7x)2 + 2(7x)(5) + (5y)2

= (7x + 5y)2

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Book 2A Chapter 3

Factorize each of the following expressions. (6 – 29)

6. a2 – 49 7. –4 + b2

8. 16c2 – 1 9. –1 + 64e2

10. 9k2 – 25 11. –121n2 + 144

12. 50x2 – 8 13. –363 + 27y2

14. –36 + 81m2 15. 9bc2 – 16b

16. 28x3 – 7x 17. a2 – 36b2

18. –144p2 + q2 19. 225x2 – 49y2

20. –25a2 + 289b2 21. p2q2 – 324

22. –p2q2 + 400 23. 5a2 – 20b2

24. –54x2 + 96y2 25. 4rs2 – 625rt2

26. a2b – 256b3 27. –147x3 + 75xy2

28. –450x2 + 338y2z2 29. 28a2b2 – 252m2n2

Factorize each of the following expressions. (30 – 57)

30. x2 + 14x + 49 31. y2 – 6y + 9

32. a2 + 4 + 4a 33. –10b + 25 + b2

34. 64 + n2 + 16n 35. 121 – 22m + m2

36. 16p2 + 8p + 1 37. 1 – 20q + 100q2

38. 4s2 + 28s + 49 39. 25t2 – 90t + 81

40. 208v + 64 + 169v2 41. 81u2 + 64 – 144u

42. 196 – 84y + 9y2 43. 120x + 16x2 + 225

44. 289s2 – 34st + t2 45. 9a2 + 361b2 + 114ab

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 Factorization of Polynomials

46. 25p2 + 121q2 – 110pq 47. x2y2 + 6xyz + 9z2

48. –20abc + 4a2 + 25b2c2 49. 4x2 + 16x + 16

50. 125k2 – 50k + 5 51. –49m2 – 112m – 64

52. 400x2 + 200xy + 25y2 53. 27a2 – 198ab + 363b2

54. –144m2n + 120mn – 25n 55. –8x2 – 56xy – 98y2

56. –27m3 + 72m2n – 48mn2 57. –450s2 – 8t2 – 120st

Factorize each of the following expressions. (58 – 71)

58. (2a – b)2 – 169 59. 25x2 – (x + 4)2

60. 2(3y + 2)2 – 98 61. 75 – 3(2a – 3)2

62. 36m2 – (5m – 11n)2 63. –(5p + 9q)2 + (7p – 2q)2

64. 4(3x + 2y)2 – (6x – 8y)2 65. 98ab2 – 2a(3a + 2b)2

66. (2k – 1)2 + 2(2k – 1) + 1 67. (4a – 3)2 – 8(3 – 4a) + 16

68. –(5a – 1)2 – 12a(5a – 1) – 36a2 69. 49x2 – 14x(5x – 3y) + (5x – 3y)2

70. 243n2 – 54n(4m + 5n) + 3(4m + 5n)2 71. –(2p – 7q)2 + 10q(2p – 7q) – 25q2

Factorize each of the following expressions. (72 – 81)

72. x2 – 9y2 – 6x + 18y 73. 4a2 – 25b2 – 14a – 35b

74. 25ab2 – 36ac2 – 5b2 – 6bc 75. x2 + 12x + 36 + 2xy + 12y

76. 4p2 – 44pq + 121q2 – 2p + 11q 77. x2 – 6x + 9 – 9y2

78. s2 + 24st + 144t2 – 169 79. m2 – 16n2 + 14m + 49

80. x2 + 4x + 4 – 9y2 + 6yz – z2 81. a3 – 2a2b + ab2 + b(b2– a2)

82. (a) Factorize 4x2 + 12xy + 9y2.

(b) Factorize 25x2 – 40xy + 16y2.
(c) Using the results of (a) and (b), factorize 21x2 – 52xy + 7y2.

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Book 2A Chapter 3

83. (a) Factorize a2 – 2a + 1.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize a4 – 2a2 + 1.

84. (a) Factorize x2 + 12xy + 36y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (h + 2)2 + 12(h + 1)(h + 2) + 36(h + 1)2.

85. (a) Factorize 25x2 – 20xy + 4y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 25(p + q)2 – 20(p + q)(p – q) + 4(p – q)2.

86. (a) Factorize a3 + 2a2 + a.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1.

87. (a) Factorize a2 – b2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x4 – y4.
(c) Using the result of (b), factorize (m + n)4 – (m – n)4.

88. Factorize (x2 + y2)2 – 4x2y2.

89. Factorize x2 + y2 + 2xy – 2x – 2y + 1.

90. Factorize x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz.

91. Factorize a2b + b2c + ac2 – a2c – ab2 – bc2.

Multiple Choice Questions

92. x2 – 4y2 + 2y – x =
A. (x + 2y)(x – 2y – 1).
B. (x + 2y – 1)(2y – x).
C. (x + 2y – 1)(x – 2y).
D. (x + 2y + 1)(2y – x).

93. Which of the following have x – y as a factor?

I. x2 – y2
II. x2 + 2xy + y2
III. x2 – 2xy + y2
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

44 © Educational Publishing House Ltd

 Factorization of Polynomials

3.3 Factorization by Using the Identities of Difference and Sum of Two Cubes

Demonstration 1
Factorize 64 – x3. 1. Factorize k3 – 343.
Solution

64 – x3 = 43 – x3
= (4 – x)[42 + (4)(x) + x2]
= (4 – x)(16 + 4x + x2)

Demonstration 2
Factorize x3 + 125. 2. Factorize 1331 + a3.
Solution

x3 + 125 = x3 + 53
= (x + 5)[x2 – (x)(5) + 52]
= (x + 5)(x2 – 5x + 25)

Demonstration 3
Factorize x3 – 64y3. 3. Factorize 1000m3 – n3.
Solution

x3 – 64y3 = x 3 – (4y)3
= (x – 4y)[x2 + x(4y) + (4y)2]
= (x – 4y)(x2 + 4xy + 16y2)

Demonstration 4
Factorize 512m3 + 27n3. 4. Factorize 8a3 + 729b3.
Solution

512m3 + 27n3 = (8m)3 + (3n)3

= (8m + 3n)[(8m)2 – (8m)(3n) + (3n)2]
= (8m + 3n)(64m2 – 24mn + 9n2)

Factorize each of the following expressions. (5 – 20)

5. a3 + 125 6. 27 – b3

7. c3 – 8 8. 216 + d 3

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Book 2A Chapter 3

9. 1 – 64m3 10. 343n3 + 1

11. 125x3 + 729 12. –512y3 + 27

13. 8s3 – t3 14. 27a3 + 1000b3

15. a3 – b3c3 16. x3z3 – 64y3

17. –125x3y3 + z3 18. 729p3q3 – 1331r3

19. 8x3 + 27y3z3 20. –a3b3 + c3d3

Factorize each of the following expressions. (21 – 40)

21. –108 – 4c3 22. 250 + 432k3

23. 24s3 – 192t3 24. –81a3 + 1029b3

25. –32s3t – 4t 26. 3s4 – 375s

27. (x + 2)3 – 1 28. (2y + 1)3 + y3

29. (2a – b)3 – 216b3 30. –192n3 – 3(m – n)3

31. –q3 + 8(p – q)3 32. 27c3 + 8(c – d)3

33. (a – b)3 + (a + b)3 34. (5x – 2y)3 – (3x + 4y)3

35. 8(3m – n)3 + (3m + n)3 36. 27(2a – b)3 + 64(2b – a)3

37. a3 + 8 – 2ab – 4b 38. 27x3 – y3 – 12x2 + 4xy

39. s3 + s – t3 – t 40. m3 – 3m2n + 3mn2 – n3

41. (a) Factorize x3 + 27.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x3 + 2x + 33.

42. (a) Factorize a3 + 8.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize a3 + a2 + 4.

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 Factorization of Polynomials

43. (a) Factorize y3 – 64.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize y3 – 2y2 – 32.

44. (a) Factorize k3 – 125.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize k3 + 5k2 – 25k – 125.

45. (a) Factorize 8m3 – n3.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 8m3 – n3 + 8m2 + 2n2 + 4mn.

46. (a) Factorize a5 – a2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize x5 + x + 1.

47. Factorize x6 – y6.

48. Factorize x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz. [Hint: a3 + b3 º (a + b)3 – 3ab(a + b)]

Multiple Choice Questions

49. 8a3 + (a – 1)3 =
A. (a + 1)(7a2 – 4a + 1).
B. (3a – 1)(3a2 + 1).
C. (3a – 1)(7a2 – 4a + 1).
D. (a + 1)(3a2 + 1).

50. (x + y)3 – (x – y)3 =

A. 2y(3x2 + y2).
B. 2y(x2 + 3y2).
C. 2x(3x2 + y2).
D. 2x(x2 + 3y2).

51. Which of the following has / have x – 2y as a factor?

I. x3 – 8y3
II. x3 + 8y3 – 2x2y – 4xy2
III. (x – 4y)3 + 8y3
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

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Book 2A Chapter 3

3.4 Factorization by Using the Cross-method

Demonstration 1
Factorize each of the following expressions. 1. Factorize each of the following expressions.
(a) x2 + 4x + 3 (b) x2 – 3x – 10 (a) y2 + 4y + 3 (b) b2 – 3b – 10
Solution

(a) x2 + 4x + 3
= (x + 1)(x + 3) ! x +1

x +3

+x +3x = 4x

(b) x2 – 3x – 10
= (x – 5)(x + 2) ! x –5

x +2

–5x +2x = –3x

Demonstration 2
Factorize each of the following expressions. 2. Factorize each of the following expressions.
(a) 3x2 + x – 2 (b) 4x2 – 16x + 15 (a) 2a2 – 7a + 6 (b) 6k2 + 25k – 9
Solution

(a) 3x2 + x – 2
= (x + 1)(3x – 2) ! x +1

3x –2

+3x –2x = x

(b) 4x2 – 16x + 15

= (2x – 3)(2x – 5) ! 2x –3

2x –5

–10x –6x = –16x

Demonstration 3
Factorize x2 – 13xy + 36y2. 3. Factorize m2 – 9mn + 18n2.
Solution

x2 – 13xy + 36y2
= (x – 4y)(x – 9y) ! x –4y

x –9y

–4xy –9xy = –13xy

Demonstration 4
Factorize 9x2 – 9xy – 10y2. 4. Factorize 21p2 – 2pq – 8q2.
Solution

9x2 – 9xy – 10y2

= (3x – 5y)(3x + 2y) ! 3x –5y

3x +2y

6xy –15xy = –9xy

48 © Educational Publishing House Ltd

 Factorization of Polynomials

Factorize each of the following expressions. (5 – 20)

5. a2 + 8a + 7 6. b2 – 12b + 11

7. c2 + 12c – 13 8. s2 – 4s – 5

9. x2 + 5x + 6 10. y2 – 3y – 10

11. z2 + 4z – 21 12. k2 – 13k + 22

13. q2 – 13q + 42 14. p2 – 3p – 28

15. m2 + m – 12 16. s2 + 13s + 30

17. 1 + 9p + 14p2 18. 1 – 8k + 15k2

19. 1 + 13y – 68y2 20. 1 – 4a – 32a2

Factorize each of the following expressions. (21 – 36)

21. 2b2 – 7b + 3 22. 3h2 – h – 2

23. 5x2 + 56x + 11 24. 7h2 + 13h – 2

25. 3y2 + 4y – 4 26. 5a2 – 13a – 6

27. 13t2 + 44t + 15 28. 2a2 – 15a + 22

29. 6c2 – 19c + 10 30. 4m2 + 8m – 21

31. 15x2 + 32x + 9 32. 4k2 – 29k – 24

33. 18x2 – 27x + 10 34. 12n2 + 47n + 45

35. 20c2 – 12c – 27 36. 24y2 + 74y – 35

Factorize each of the following expressions. (37 – 44)

37. x2 + 9xy + 18y2 38. a2 – 21ab – 100b2

39. p2 – 20pq + 96q2 40. m2 + 8mn – 48n2

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Book 2A Chapter 3

41. 6r2 – 25rs – 9s2 42. 4u2 + 27uv – 40v2

43. 6x2 – 55xy + 9y2 44. 14x2 + 31xy + 15y2

Factorize each of the following expressions. (45 – 58)

45. 24 + c2 + 10c 46. y2 – 36 – 5y

47. 9n – 90 + n2 48. 84 + a2 – 20a

49. 22x + 15x2 – 48 50. 24k2 – 75 – 70k

51. 29mn + 18n2 – 14m2 52. 12p2 + 15q2 – 41pq

53. –51k – 20k2 – 28 54. 3x3 + 17x2 – 56x

55. 12r2 – 16s2 – 26rs 56. 10x2 + 54xy + 72y2

57. 36 – 8x2 – 42x 58. 18x2 – 60y2 – 21xy

Factorize each of the following expressions. (59 – 64)

59. (a + 3)(a – 5) + 7 60. (2x + 3)2 + 3x

61. 10n2 – 9m(m + n) 62. (4x + 3y)(4x – 3y) + 10xy

63. p(30p + 5q) – 5q2 64. (3a – 5b)(2a + 3b) – 2a(a – 6b)

65. (a) Factorize x2 – 2x – 15.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (3y + 2)2 – 2(3y + 2) – 15.

66. (a) Factorize 4a2 + 29a – 24.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 4(2 – b)2 + 29(2 – b) – 24.

67. (a) Factorize (x – 1)(6x – 25) – 7.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (4n2 + 17n – 1)[6(4n2 + 17n) – 25] – 7.

68. (a) Factorize 6x2 – 19xy – 7y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize 6p2 – 19p(q – 2) – 7(q – 2)2.

69. (a) Factorize (5x – y)(3x + y) – 23y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (5x – y)(3x + y) – 23y2 + 3x2 + 4xy.

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 Factorization of Polynomials

70. (a) Factorize x2 + xy – 12y2.

(b) Using the result of (a), factorize (m – 1)2 + (m – 1)(4 – n) – 12(4 – n)2.

71. The following shows a question of a mathematics quiz.

Rewrite 2x2 + xy – 9y2 as (2x + my)(x + ny),

where m and n are integers.

However, due to a printing error, the coefficient of xy is covered by an ink drop. Write down all possible
coefficients of xy. Explain your answer.

72. Factorize b2(5a + 2b)2 – a2(8a + 5b)2.

73. Factorize 2x3 – 2y3 – 7x2y + 7xy2.

Multiple Choice Questions

74. Which of the following has / have x – 1 as a factor?
I. 2x2 + x – 3
II. 4x2 + x – 3
III. 2 + x – 3x2
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III only

75. Which of the following is/are the factor(s) of 12x2 + 11xy – 15y2?
I. 3x – 5y
II. 4x + 3y
III. 4x – 3y
A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only

76. (2x – 9)(6x + 5) + 82 =

A. (2x – 1)(6x – 19).
B. (2x + 1)(6x + 19).
C. (4x – 1)(3x – 19).
D. (4x + 1)(3x + 19).

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