School TUGUEGARAO EAST CENTRAL Grade 5

SCHOOL Level
Teacher Mrs. Carla C. Binarao Learning SCIENCE
Area
Grade 1 to 12 Teaching February 17, 2025 Quarter 4 Week 1
DAILY Dates
LESSON and
PLAN Time
I. OBJECTIVES
The learners demonstrate understanding of the processes involved
A. Content Standard
in the formation of soil from rocks.
The learners should be able to describe how rocks are broken
B. Performance
down into soil through weathering and its importance to living
Standard
things.
At the end of the lesson the learners are able to:
C. Learning
a. Differentiate mechanical and chemical weathering;
Competency/Obje
b. Perform how mechanical and chemical weathering occurs.;
ctives
c. Appreciate the importance of weathering.
Write the LC code for
each
II.CONTENT
A. CONTENT Processes of weathering and soil formation
Values Integration Care for the environment and appreciation of natural processes
B. STRATEGY Hands-on activities
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s
Guide pages
2. Learner’s
Materials pages
3. Textbook pages Science 5 Quarter 4 Module 1
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning Video on weathering process and soil formation
Resource (LR)
portal
B. OTHER Learning PowerPoint, Games, Rocks and soil samples for observation
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity
A. Engage PRELIMINARIES:
a. Greetings
Good day, everyone! Bursting with
energy and loaded with enthusiasm, we
are all present here in the classroom of
Grade 5 SPED.

b. Prayer
But first let’s start with a prayer to feel
the presence of God with us.
c. Attendance
Is there anyone who is absent today?
None ma’am
To maintain discipline inside the
classroom, I have set of rules for you to
follow.

A. Classroom Rules
1. Show respect for the teacher,
classmates and yourself.
2. Raise your hand if you want to
speak/recite.
3. Do not talk when you are not called.
4. Stand when you are asked to answer.
5. Cooperate with your groups when
making activities.
6. Sit properly.

Engage
Today, I will let you play a game. It’s
called, ““Fact or Bluff.”

Mechanics:
 The teacher will divide the class into
two teams.
 Each team will take turns answering
the statements by saying "Fact" if you
think the statement is true, or "Bluff" if
you think it's false.
 The team that answers correctly, they
will earn a point. If not, the other team
can steal the point.
 The team with the highest points
wins.

1. All rocks stay the same forever.

2. Roots of plants can crack rocks.
3. Water can break down rocks.
4. Soil is important for plants to grow.
5. Rocks can turn into soil over time.
6. Living organisms like worms help in
soil formation.
7. All soils are the same everywhere.
8. Plants cannot grow in soil.

1. Bluff
2. Fact
3. Fact
4. Fact
5. Fact
6. Fact
7. Bluff
8. Bluff
 Great job, everyone! It looks like you all
had fun playing Fact or Bluff. Now, let
me ask you something: Did you notice
the statement, ‘Soil is made from rocks?
Is it true or false?
True ma’am
Exactly! But have you ever wondered
how rocks turn into soil? Do they just
magically change?
No, they break down
ma’am
That’s correct! But how do rocks break
down? Is it quick, or does it take time?
It takes time
Yes! Today, we’re going to learn about
how rocks slowly turn into soil through a
process called weathering. This is a very
important process because without it, we
wouldn’t have soil to grow plants, build
homes, or even survive. Let’s explore
this together.

B. EXPLORE

First, I’ll divide you into groups. Group 1

will explore mechanical weathering,
and Group 2 will explore chemical
weathering.

Group 1 – Mechanical Weathering

Alright! Group 1, you will perform a

mechanical weathering activity. Wrap the
chalk and the small rock in a piece of
cloth, and gently pound it using a rock.
Observe what happens to the materials.
Think about how this might relate to the
breaking down of rocks in nature.

Group 2 – Chemical Weathering

 Group 2, you will perform a chemical
weathering activity. Take the chalk and
pour some vinegar over it. Watch what
happens. Look closely at the changes and
think about what’s causing them. I’ll give
you 10 minutes to work on this, then
we’ll talk about your observations

Alright, let’s hear from Group 1 first.

What did you observe when you pounded
the chalk?
When we pounded the
chalk, it broke into
smaller pieces.

It was crushed, but it

still looked like chalk.
Good observation! So, the chalk was
physically broken into smaller pieces,
right? Now, Group 2, what did you
notice with the chalk and vinegar?
When we poured
vinegar on the chalk,
it started bubbling,
and the chalk
dissolved a little bit
Excellent! What do you think caused the
bubbles?
Maybe it’s the vinegar
reacting with the
chalk?
Great thinking! Both groups observed
very different ways materials broke
down. Let’s dig deeper to understand this
better.

C. Explain So, what we did today showed two types

of weathering. Group 1 demonstrated
mechanical weathering. This happens
when rocks are physically broken down
into smaller pieces without changing
their composition. Can you think of
natural forces that might cause this?
Wind and water
ma’am
Yes! Wind, water, even freezing and
thawing can cause mechanical
weathering. Now, Group 2, your activity
showed chemical weathering. This
occurs when rocks or minerals undergo
changes in their chemical makeup. What
happened when vinegar reacted with the
chalk?
I think the vinegar
dissolved part of the
chalk ma’am
That’s right! The vinegar is an acid, and
it reacted with the calcium carbonate in
the chalk, creating bubbles of carbon
dioxide gas. In nature, rainwater often
contains acids that cause chemical
weathering of rocks.

Mechanical weathering happens when

rocks are broken down into smaller
pieces without changing their chemical
composition. These changes are brought
about by natural forces like temperature
changes, plant roots, animals, and even
human activities.

Look at this image of a boulder

Imagine it's been separated from a larger

mass of rock. During the day, it's
exposed to heat from the sun, and at
night, it cools down. This back-and-forth
of temperature changes causes the
boulder to crack and break into smaller
pieces over time.

So, what do you think causes the boulder

to crack?
It's the temperature
changes! The heat
during the day and the
cold at night make it
crack.
Exactly! Constant temperature changes
will keep causing it to break down
further into smaller particles. This is a
great example of mechanical weathering
in action.

Let’s look at Figure 2, where we have a

mining site. Human activities like
digging and blasting cause the rocks to
physically break apart. This is
mechanical weathering because the rocks
remain the same, but they break into
smaller pieces. What do you notice
happening in this mining site?
People are digging
and blasting rocks.

Yes! And what happens to the rocks

when people dig and blast them?
They break apart into
That’s right! Since the rocks remain the smaller pieces.
same but break into smaller pieces, what
type of weathering is this?
Mechanical weathering

Exactly! Now, moving on to Figure 3,

here we see plants. The roots of plants
grow into cracks in the rocks. As the
roots grow, they push against the rocks,
causing them to break apart. This is
another example of mechanical
weathering. How do you think the plant
roots affect the rocks?
The roots grow into
cracks and push
against the rocks.
That’s correct! So, does this change the
composition of the rock, or does it just
break it apart?
It just breaks it apart.
Great! Since the rock is breaking into
smaller pieces without changing its
composition, what kind of weathering is
this?
Mechanical weathering
Yes! That’s right. Plants’ roots have a lot
of force that can break rocks into smaller
pieces.

Now, in Figure 4, we see pigs. They use

their snouts to dig into the ground,
loosening soil. While doing so, they can
also help break down rocks into smaller
pieces. What do you see?
Pigs digging into the
Yes! How do pigs affect the soil and ground.
rocks?
They loosen the soil
and might also break
rocks apart.
Yes, exactly. Animals can play a big role
in breaking rocks down.

Moving on to Figure 5, here we have

rocks in a river or stream. The movement
of water causes rocks to rub against each
other, and this abrasion helps break the
rocks down into smaller pieces. Here we
have rocks in a river. What do you think
happens to these rocks as the water
moves?
The water makes the
rocks bump into each
other.
Correct! This process is called abrasion, and it’s
another form of mechanical weathering

Yes! That grinding action is part of

mechanical weathering.

Now, Figure 6 shows how water can

enter cracks in rocks. When it’s wet,
water seeps into these cracks and reacts
with the minerals inside the rock, which
can cause the rock to weaken and break
apart. What do you see happening to the
rocks here?

Water is entering the

What do you think might happen if this cracks of the rocks.
water reacts with the minerals inside the
rock?
The rock could
weaken and break
That’s right! So, is this mechanical apart.
weathering or chemical weathering?

Mechanical
Yes, water plays a big role, especially Weathering
when it reacts with minerals inside the
rock.

And finally, Figure 7 shows how

bushfires can affect rocks. The intense
heat from the fire can cause rocks to
break down into smaller pieces as the
heat weakens them. This shows a
bushfire. How do you think heat from
fire affects rocks?

The heat might make

Yes! Extreme heat can cause rocks to the rocks break apart.
expand and crack. Is this mechanical or
chemical weathering?

Mechanical
Yes, you’ve got it. That’s mechanical weathering
weathering. It’s caused by physical
forces and breaks the rocks into smaller
pieces, but their chemical makeup stays
the same.

Now let’s talk about chemical

weathering. This happens when rocks
undergo changes in their chemical
makeup.

Let’s look at Figure 1, which shows rusty

rocks. When iron in the rock reacts with
oxygen in the air, it forms rust. This is an
example of chemical weathering. What
do you notice about the rocks in the
image?

That’s right! The iron in the rock is

chemically altered by the oxygen in the They look rusty!
air, changing its composition.

Next, in Figure 2, we see calcite stones.

These stones are made of calcium
carbonate, and when they come into
contact with acid, like acid rain, the
calcite dissolves. This is also chemical
weathering. What do you think happens
when they come into contact with acid
rain?

Yes! Acid rain slowly dissolves certain They dissolve

minerals in rocks. Can you think of a
real-life place where this process
happens?

Excellent! Limestone caves are formed Maybe in caves

over time by acidic water dissolving the
rock. Now, let’s move to Figure 3. Here,
a rock is reacting with carbonic acid. We
see another example of chemical
weathering, where a rock reacts with
carbonic acid, which is formed when
carbon dioxide mixes with water.
Does anyone know how carbonic acid
forms?

That’s correct! What do you think When carbon dioxide

happens to the rock when carbonic acid mixes with water
reacts with it?

Yes! The key difference between

mechanical and chemical weathering is
that mechanical weathering only breaks It breaks down
rocks into smaller pieces, while chemical
weathering actually changes the minerals
inside the rock.

2. Generalization
Today, we learned about weathering, and
we discussed two main types: mechanical
weathering and chemical weathering.
Can anyone tell what mechanical
weathering is?

Mechanical
weathering happens
when rocks are
physically broken into
smaller pieces, but
their composition
doesn’t change. It can
happen through
human activities like
mining, or even by
plants and animals,
like tree roots growing
into rocks or pigs
That’s right! And what about chemical digging into the soil.
weathering?

Chemical weathering
happens when rocks
or minerals change
chemically. For
example, iron in rocks
can rust when it reacts
with oxygen in the air,
or rocks like calcite
Excellent! You’re really understanding can dissolve when
the difference. Can anyone think of why exposed to acid.
weathering is important?
 Weathering helps
break down rocks into
soil, which is needed
Exactly! Weathering shapes the for plants to grow. So,
landscape, and it’s vital for the it’s really important
environment. Now, to wrap up, can for the Earth’s surface
anyone remember the two types of and for life on Earth.
weathering we discussed today?

Great job, everyone! Remember, both The two types are

mechanical and chemical weathering are mechanical
constantly changing the Earth’s surface, weathering and
whether through physical forces or chemical weathering.
chemical reactions. It’s part of how our
planet evolves over time.

D. Elaborate (Situational Drawing)

I will group you into 2 groups.
For your activity draw
a simple situation that
show how the agents of
weathering break down
rocks. Choose one agent
only.
Then after that, choose one
of your members to
present your work. Yes ma’am
Are you done?

Now, I will group you into 2. Draw a (Presentation of

simple situation that show how the output)
agents of weathering break down rocks.
Choose one agent only. Then after that,
choose one if your members to present
your work.
I will group you into 2 groups.
For your activity draw
a simple situation that
show how the agents of
weathering break down
rocks. Choose one agent
only.
Then after that, choose one
of your members to
present your work.
Are you done?
(Situational Drawing)
 I will group you into 2 groups.
For your activity draw
a simple situation that
show how the agents of
weathering break down
rocks. Choose one agent
only.
Then after that, choose one
of your members to
present your work.
Are you done?

Are you done class?

(After finishing the task, they will

present their work in front of the class)

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the

correct word to complete the idea of the
sentence. Write your answers in your
science notebook/answer sheet.
E. Evaluate
A. Directions: Read and understand the
sentences well. Write True if the
statement is correct and False if it is not,
then underline the word/phrase that made
the statement false. Write your answer in
your Science Notebook.

1. Weathering is the process of soil

formation
2. Disintegration is also known as
chemical weathering
3. Rocks on the surface of the Earth do
not change by weathering.
4. When water freezes, it expands and
exerts more pressure on the rocks
causing the rocks to break.
5. Disintegration is a mechanical process
that breaks rocks into smaller pieces.

B. Directions: Read the statement

carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer. Place your answer in your
science notebook.
 Assignment

F. Additional
Activities

Prepared by: Checked By:

___________________ __________________________
JEWELLE HYNIE R. GUMARU MRS. CARLA C. BINARAO