AGMA 1003-6 93 MM 0687575 0003909 773 mi ANSVAGMA 1003-G93 ERRATA November, 1995 ‘The following editorial corrections should be made to ANSVAGMA 1003-G93, Tooth Proportions for FinePitch Spur and Helical Gearing (originally printed January, 1993). These changes, discovered after publication, have not been ‘made in the printing of this document. The changes are shown below. Users of ANSVAGMA 1003-G93 are encour- aged to cut out these stickers and insert them in the standard. Tho equations can be placed over the existing equa- tions. Page 14 = 210.08 Ne~ Tingting ~ cos on] (20) 2.10c08Bm (20m) [ragfinag-cosagin5 Table C.1 — Enlargement Criteria 145° 20" 25° Helix [Transverse [Number | Holix | Transverse [Number | Helix | Tranaverse | Number angle, | profile ‘of | angle, | profile of | angle, | profile of Gegrees| angie, | teetn’= |degrees} angle, | teetn's |degrees| angle, | teeth" w(Bm) | degrees | N.(%) | w(Bm) | degrees | %.(%) | w(x) | degrees | Nz (i) 4 (pe) 4 (Gp) 1 (pe) 0 14.500000 | 50.62 0 2.000000 | 23.63 0 25.000000 | 14.47 5 14553040 | 49.97 5 20.070308 | 23.36 5 25.083771 | 14.32 10 | 14714088 | 48.07 | 10 | 20.289559 | 2255 | 10 | 25.aa7et1 | 13.85 15 | 14.988849 | 45.04 | 15 | 20646896 | 21.25 | 15 | 25,769262 | 13.11 18 | 18210411 | 42.77 | 18 | 20941896 | 2027 | 18 | 26118938 | 12.54 20 | 15.387707 | 41.09 | 20 | 21172892 | 19.54 | 20 | 26992181 | 12.12 23 | 18.602808 | 837 | 23 | zis7ases | i¢g6 | 23 | 26.908777 | 11.44 25 | 15.926252 | 36.45 | 25 | 21.e8oza2 | 1752 | 25 | 27.226435 | 10.96 30 | 16626985 | 31.42 | 30 | 22795877 | 15.30 | 30 | 28.900082 | 9.66 35 | 17521624 | 26.25 | 35 | 23956803 | 1299 | 35 | 29650978 | 8.31 40 | 18.654748 | 21.22 | 40 | 25413766 | 10.71 | 40 | 31.929769 | 6.95 45 | 20089512 | 16.54 | 45 | 27296913 | a54 | 45 | saaoste8 | 5.65 * Based on 5° minimum roll angle at form diameter. "Ng is a calculated value (see equation 16). Pinions with numbers of teeth that exceed this value do ot require enlargement. or Gea Nanas AssocktonANSHAGMA 1003-693 “AGHA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 O0032b1 SOO mm ANSI/AGMA 1003-G93 (Revision of AGMA 207.06-1074) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ——— Tooth Proportions for Fine-Pitch Spur and Helical Gearing ——_———— AGMA STANDARAGMA 1003-6 93 MM 0487575 OOO32b2 44? mm Tooth Proportions for Fine-Pitch Spur and Hallcal Gearing AGMA 1003-G93 Revision of AGMA 207.06-1974 ‘Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus Is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial ‘agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests, Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and ‘objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. ‘The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not In any respeot preolude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, rom manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, ‘or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards, ‘The American National Standards Insitute does not develop standards and will in no clroumstances give an Interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to tasue an Interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute, Hequests for interpretation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA Standards are subject to constant improvement, revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure thet the publication isthe letest available from the Association on the subject matte [Tables or other selt-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted in their entirely. Credit line should read: Extracted from AGMA 1003-G93, Tooth Proportions for Fine-Pitch Spur and Helical Gearing, with the permission of the publisher, the American Gear Manufacturers Assoclation, 1500 King Street, Sulte 201, ‘Alexandria, Virginia 22314] Approved January 22,1993 American National Standards Institute, Inc. ABSTRACT: ‘Tooth proportions for fine pitch gearing are similar to those of coarse pitch gearing except in the matter of clearance. For 20 degree profile angle fine pitch gearing, this standard provides a system of enlarged pinions which use the involute form above § degrees of roll. Data on 14—1/2 and 25 degree profile angle systems are Inoluded in the annexes, Copyright © 1992 by American Gear Manufacturers Association Published by American Gear Manufacturers Association 1600 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 ISBN: 1-55589-580-8 Cots by te Aa or Ger MantCots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 AGHA 1003-6 53 WM ObS?575 O0032b3 383 mw ANSVAGMA 1003-Ge2 Contents Foreword .. 1 1 12 13 2 2a 22 3 a4 ag 33 34 35 36 a7 38 3.9 4 44 42 43 4A 45 48 az 48 49 440 an 442 413, 4i4 416 4.16 or Ger Mant Scope Tooth proportions ....... Numbor of tooth .. References .... ‘Terms and symbols Terms . Symbols General features. Basio rack . Pressure angle and profile angle Working deh Glearance ...... ‘Tooth thiokness and backlash . Whole depth . Generating tools ‘Tool tip radius anaokn aoe Basls for enlarged (long addendum) pinions Enlargement . Form diameter . Limit diameter Top land . Undercut Poot diameter Mating goar (standard) Mating gear (reduced-chort addendum) Formula for enlargement of spur pinions Standard center distance (for standard geare) fen Standard center distance (for enlarged spur pinions and reduced gears) . Enlarged center distance (for enlarged spur pinion mating with a standard gear) . Genter distance caution (enlarged pinion meshing with enlarged pinion) . Contact ratio . : Enlargement oteria Example (spur pinion center distance)AGNA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 OO032b4 217 mm ANSVAGMA 1009-G92 Tables: soe os e@ ‘Standard diametral pitch tooth proportions and formulas (inch systern) ‘Standard module tooth proportions and formulas (metric system) . ‘Standard diametral pitch tooth dimensions (in) Standard module tooth dimensions (mm) 20° Profile angle — enlarged spur pinions 20° Profle angle ~ reduced spur gears Figures, Basle rack (normal plane) .. Form diameter on underout teeth Form diameter on fillet blend teeth Center distance and line of action ongopr- Bere nexes ‘Tooth proportions for 14-1/2 degree fine-pitch gearing . ‘Tooth proportions for 25 degree fine-pitch gearing . . moou> py jearance for enlarged pinions and standard gears... 22 Referenoes and bibliogrephy . Coptic by te Ata Geor Horfatre dat DB 142298 1998Cots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 AGHA 1003-6 93 MM 0b87575 OOO32b5 15b mm ANGUAGMA 1003-492 FOREWORD [The foreword, footnotes, and annexes are provided for informational purposes only, and should not be construed as a part of ANSVAGMA 1003-G93, Tooth Proportions for Fine-Pitch Spur and Helical Gearing] As originally developed by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, this standard was in two parte: the first part, Clearance for 20-Degree Pressure Angle Fine-Pitch Gears (AGMA 470.01); and the second, 20-Degree Involute Fine-Pitch System for Spur Gears (AGMA 207.02). In May, 1949, the two standards were combined and completely re-edited. ‘The next revislon ofthis standard was begun In 1955, ‘Ae a result of the increasing use of gears by sintering and injoction molding process, and for greater tooth strength, tooth forms for 25 degree pressure angle were included. Control gearing containing large numbers of teeth was recognized by data on the 14~-1/2 degree pressure angle system In the information sheets. AGMA 207.05, was approved by Sectional Committee BG and by the sponsors, and designated USA ‘Standard B6.7--1967 as of September 18, 1967, Duo to difficultios encountered in fabricating gears with involute profiles to the base circle, the FinePitch ‘committee developed a new set of tooth proportions for enlarged pinions that would not require active tooth profiles below the five degrees of roll, AGMA 207.06 was approved by the Fine-Pitch Gearing Committee In June, 1971 and approved by the membership as of May, 1974, AGMA 1003-G93 ie a revision of AGMA 207.06, ‘The term ‘profile angle” was introduced in place of the bacio rack “pressure angle.” Metric data were added, including ISO symbols. Tables for 20 degree profile angle were revieed, and supported with simpler equations and procedures. The lower rango of tooth numbers was redone with less enlargement and improved contact ratio and less specific sliding. Data for7 and 8 tooth pinions were omitted, a they require special dosign consideration beyond the ecope of thie etandard A revised procedure was employed to verify undorout limits, suporseding the approximate and more conservative prior method. Formulas were supplied forall tabulated data. The data on helical gearing was ravised using a simple procedure to allow helical configuration. Information was added to clatify the distinction between form diameter as generated and the limit diameter ‘established by operational contact which determines the contact rato. Clarification was made regarding categories of center distance wihich often Was @ source of confusion in the prior standard Cautionary notes were added to indicate meshes employing very small numbers of teeth, while geometrically ‘correct, still require analyses for strength, durabilty, and clearances. ‘The & degtee form diameter enlargement method was extended to include the 14~1/2 degree system, and revisions were made to the 25 degree system, ANSVAGMa 1003~G9a was approved by the Fine-Pitch Gearing Committee in February, 1992. and approved by the AGMA Board of Directors as of May, 1992. ‘Suggestions for the Improvement of this standard are welcome, They should bo sont to the American Gear ‘Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, or Ger MantAGNA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 O0032bb 092 mw ANSVAGMA 1009-G92 PERSONNEL of the AGMA Committee for Fine Pitch Gearing Rochester Gear, Inc. Invincible Gear Chairman: Daniol E, Balley Editor: Leonard J. Smith ACTIVE MEMBERS David A. Castor. Eastman Kodak Paul M. Dean, Jt. -. Honorary Member F. Reed Estabrook, Jr. Consultant Irving Laskin Consultant John M. Mann Bison Gear David MeCarroll... Gleason Joseph R. Miheliok. Reliance Electric Company Robert C. Mills « Eastman Kodak David H. Senkfor . « Precision Gear Robert E. Smith Consultant Goorge Thomas -- Bison Gear ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Charles A. Firestone -» Reliance Electric ‘Theodore J. Krenzer . = Gleason Cleveland Gear itton Power-Tech ‘Mechanical Technology George E. Olson ... Joseph M. Olchawa . Glenn R. Schwartz Eugene E. Shipley vow L. Smallwood : ‘Smallwood & Son Machine Co, Dominic A. Sylvester... Power-Tech ‘Tomolchi Urabe ‘Tsubalimoto Chain Gary L. Vesey . ITWiSpiroidCots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 AGHA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 0003267 T29 mm AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSVAGMA 1002-€93 American National Standard -— Tooth Proportions for Fine-Pitch Spur and Helical Gearing 1 Soope This standard ie applicable to extemal epur and helical gears with diamettal pitch of 20 through 120 (1.25 through 0.2 module) and a profile angle of 20 degrees, It only applies to standard gears with 24 teeth or moro; enlarged pinione with 9 through 28 tooth and. reduced gears, ‘Much of this same information is applicable to Inter- nal gears. 1-1 Tooth proportions ‘The tooth proportions shown herein may be usedtfor many gear designs of finerthan 120 diametral pitch (0.2 module); however, such designe should be checked for sutabilly, particularly in the areas of contact ratio, undercutting, and clearance, ‘The epur gear portions of this standard closely fol- low AGMA 201.02, Tooth Proportions for Coarse Pitch Involute Spur Gears ‘The maln difference between the proportions of fine-plich gears and those of the coarse-pitch Is In the clearance. In fine-pitch gearing, wear on the points of the cutting tools Is proportionally greater than In coarse-pitch tools, The filet radius pro- duced by such tooting will therefore be proportion- ally greater. The increased clearance in gearing of 20 diametral pitch (1.25 module) and finer provides both for the relatively larger fillet and also for foreign ‘material that tends to accumulate at the bottoms of the teeth, or Ger Mant 1.2 Number of teeth Gear designs with low numbers of teeth should be checked for suitabily, particularly in the areas of contact ratio, undercutting, and clearance, a8 well as forstrength and durabilty or load and ite consid- erations, 1.3 References ‘The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions. of this Amerlean National Standard. At the time of, publication, the editions Indicated were valid, All standards are subject to revision, and partios to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the ‘possiblity of applying the most recent editions of the ‘standards indicated below. AGMA 201.02, Tooth Proportions for Coarse Pitch Involute Spur Gears AGMA $70.01, Design Manual for Fine-Pitch Gearing ANSVAGMA 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions of Terms with Symbols ANSVAGMA 2002-868, Tooth Specification and Measurement ANSI B94,7 Hobs ANSI B94.21 Shaper Cutters Thickness 2 Terms and symbols 24 Terms ‘The terms used, wherever applicable, conform to the following standards; ANSVAGMA 1012-Fa0, Gear Nomenolature, Definitions of Terms with Symbols AGMA 904-B89, Metric Usage 22 Symbols ‘The symbols used in this standard are shown in table 1.AGNA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 O0032b8 965 we ANSVAGMA 1003-493 NOTE-Ths eymbols and defintions usedin this stan- dard may differ from other AGMA standards, The user ‘should not assume that famitiar symbols can be used without a careful study of these definitions. with ISO symbols, is shown after the conventional version, indented, in smaller type, and with "M” included in the equation number. Example: SI (metric) units of measure are shown in parenthe- tye 2000. (1) 808 intable 1 andin the text. I80 symbole aro also nd shown inparentheses inthe textandmosttables. A hy, = 2000m, (1M) rmetrio version of each equation in thie etandard, ‘The second expression uses SI uns. Table 4 - Terms and symbols symbol Description Units First used facmal 180 a | Ay | Addendum 34 aq | fag | Addendum, gear tables ap | fg, | Addendum, pinion table 4 B |i" | Backlash 36 » | ty | Dedendum table 2 c | a | Conterdistance table 2 6, | 4, | Calculated tight mesh center distance equation 16 ¢ | c | Clearance a5 te | &_ | Clearance, gear tip to pinion root table 4 D | d- | Pitch diameter table 2 2; | a | Standard pitch diameter of gear equation 15 B, | d, | Outside diameter table 2 Bol dy | Outside diameter of gear equation 15 Dyp| dg, | Outside diameter of pinion equation 15 Dp | d,__ | Standard pitch diameter of pinion in (mm) equation 18 B.| a. | Rootdiameter in (mm) table 2 ty, |, | Working depth in (mm) 33 ty | ty | Whole depth in (nm) 37 m, | Module, transverse (nm) table 2M me | eg | Contact ratio equation 15 tee} ey | Contact ratio, enlarged equation 16 ==| m, | Module, normal equation 1M w | 2 | Numberoftesth lable 2 N, | #_. | Acaloulated value equation 20 Ng | 2a. | Number of teeth, gear table 2 Xp | 21 | Number of teeth pinion table 2 Pz | —— | Diametral pitch, transverse it table 2 fra | ~~ | Dlametral pitch, normal int equation 1 ply ular pitch, transverse in (mm) table 2 (eontinaed) Cots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 or Ger MantCots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 AGMA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 0003265 87) a ‘ANSVAGMA 1003-493 Table 1 (concluded) = Desoription Units First used Aqua | 180 2%, |_| Circular pitch, normal tn (rm table 2 Ryg| jy | Base radius of gear in (mm) figure 4 Rgp | %; | Base radius of pinion in (moe) figure 4 Rog | fea _ | Outside radius of gear in (mm) figure 4 Ryp | ty | Outside radius of pinion tn (oom) figure 4 ‘max| *finax | Fillet radius, maximum tn (rmmn) table 2 1 | 4 | Tooth thickness, transverse 36 i | % | Tooththioknese, gear ‘equation 19 ty | 5, | Tooth thickness, normal table 2 ty | 4% | Tooth thickness at outside diameter equation 12 tp |, _ | Tooth thickness, pinion equation 19 4@ | Se | Top land, gear table 5 tor | sen | Top land, pinion table 4 a | Aha | Addendum enlargement 45 ‘Ac | Aao | Center distance enlargoment with rack in (mm) 49 Ae | Ar | Enlargement in (mm) ‘equation 3 4s | As | Tooth thickness enlargement in (mm) ‘equation 4 @ | a | Profile angle table 2 4 | q | Transverse pressure angle at calculated {ight mesh center disterice equation 16 $n | Gq | Profile engle, normat woes table 2 | a | Pressure angle at outside diameter equation 13 wv [By | Helicangle table 2 3 General features 3.41.2 Helical goars 8.1 Basle rack ‘The basio raok shown in igure 1 istused to llustrate the tooth proportions coveredby this standard. This, standard permits freedom of choloe in making changes in the gear tooth proportions to meet spe- cial design conditione as long as the resulting gears are fully conjugate to the besic rack. Such changes, may be indicated when a special contact ratio or ‘modification for tooth strongth is desired. 3.1.1 Spur gears ‘The basic rack shown in figure 1 and the tooth proportions shown in tables 2 and 2M provide the basic design data for spur gear teeth, or Ger Mant The helical teeth covered by this standard are ‘conjugate in the normal plane to the basic rack shown in figure 1 and tables 2 and 2M, 8.2 Prossure angle and profile anglo 2A Pressure anglo, $ (<4) While profilo angles the slope of the cutting tool, a pressure angle may be defined at any point on the flankof a gear tooth. See ANSVAGMA 1012-Fs0, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions of Terms with Syme +bols, for further discussion, 3.2.2 Profile angle ‘The standard profile angle Is 20 degrees, and is recommended for most applications. In the an-AGMA 2003-6 93 MM Ob87575 OOO3270 523 mm ANSUAGMA 1003-G93, nexes, data may be found on 14—1/2.and 25 degree profile angle systems. Profle angle of helical teeth is taken in the normal plane. In certain cases, notably some sintered or moked gears, or in gearing where greatest strength and wear resistance are desired, a 25 degree profile an- ‘gle may be required. Profile angles greater than 20 degrees tend to require the use of generating tools, having very narrow point widths. in addition, the larger profilo angles requite closer control on center distance tolerance for those goar trains in which backlash Is ortioal. Incases where considerations of angular position or backlash are otitcal and where both pinions and {gears contain relatively large numbers of teeth, a 14-1/2 degree profile angle may be desirable. In general, profile angles of less than 20 degrees re- quire a groater amount of modification to avoid un- dorout problome and are limitod to largor total num- bers of teeth in gearand pinlon when operating ona standard conter distance, 3.3 Working depth, fy (,,) ‘The basic working depth 2.000 Ina iy = 2.00 y= tt) oof) Teeth with this depth are commonly referred to as full depth teeth. 3.4 Addendum, « (i,,) ‘Standard addendum teeth are used for applications where the number of teeth are equal to or exceed the minimum numbers shown in table C.1. Enlarged and reduced addendum proportions are used to avold objectionable undercut or for consid- crations of ooth strength, contact ratioor center dis- tance, Table 4 glves recommended tooth propor- tions to avoid undercut probleme in a mesh with a pinion of a small number of teeth. Generally, as the total number ofteeth in gear and pinion gets emaller, the contact ratio diminishes. Special attention must be glven to avold contact ratios below 1.2, 8.6 Clearance, c () Standard clearanoe for the diametral pitch system iss c= 222 5 00m ) nd For the module system: © = 020m, + 005 (2M) Greater clearance than given in tables 3 and SM ‘may be required f teeth are to bo finishod by a soo- ‘ondary operation. While the required clearance may vary with epeotic gear applications, a value of 0.350/Fjq (0.350, shouldprovide the necessary amount in most cases. See ANS! B94.7-1966, Hobs, ANS! Be421~1968, Shaper Cutters; and ‘AGMA970.01, Design Manual for Fine-Pitch Gear~ NOTE The value ofthe filet radius Is determined by the type and design ofthe cutting tool, Figure 1 ~ Basic rack (normal plane) Cots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 or Ger MantCots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 AGMA 1003-6 93 MM Ob87575 0003272 45ST Mm 3.6 Tooth thlokness, (5, ), and backlash, 3 (/) ‘The tooth thickness shown in the tables does not Include an allowance for backlash when the gears are meshed at standard center distances. In general, the teeth of both members are reduced inthickness to provide backlash. Incasesofpinions having small numbers of tooth, consideration may be glvan to applying more of the tooth thiokness re- duction to the gear member to provide the required backlash. See ANVAGMA 2002-888 for a more detailed discussion of tooth thickness specttiation. Allowance (thinning) for backlash must be considered to allow for lubricant, temperature effects, and operational meshing conditions including deflections, bearing runouts, and gear element variations. For a detalled discussion see AGMA Paper 239.14, Assured Backlash Control, the ABC System, by Leonard J. Smith. (1)" NOTE ~ The dosign tooth thicinoos ie establiched ‘rom engineering considerations, It ls determinod by gear geometiy, gear tooth strength, end backlash. ‘Tha methods for establishing design tooth thickness, for a glven application, ars beyond the scope ofthis standard. 3.7 Whole depth, i, (J) ‘The whole depth values shown in the tables will increase in proportion to the amount of tooth thinning In cutting the teeth, unless the outside diameter is also modified, ‘The whole depth of enlarged and reduced adden- ‘dum gearing generated with pinion type shaper cut- ters may be different from that shown in the tables, Inorderto control the whole depth of extemal gears, the root diameter shouldbe specified as amaximum dimension only. 3.8 Generating tools ‘Standard generating tools (hobs or shapor cuttora) are used for either spur or helical gears. See ANSI B04,7-1966, Hobs, and ANSI B94.21—1986, Shaper Cutters, Tables 2 and 2M give the formulas for standard ‘tooth proportions without allowance forbacklash. In ANSVAGMA 1003-G93, ‘order to minimize the vaat number of tools (cutters ‘and master gears) required for all possible pitches (modules), the following are recommended: Diamettal Pitches: 20 24 82 40 48 64 72 80 96 120 Tables 3 and 3M show the tooth dimensions for each diametrel pitch or module, Gear ratios at ‘non-standard center distances which are some- ‘times fixed by component design requirements can Usually be obtained using standard pitch cutters and enlarging one or both of the mating gears. 39 Tool tip radius Aero fillet radius implies a sharp comer on the tip ‘ofthe generating tool, In actual practice, the comer |s made with a small radius. This radius is estab- lished by the outting tool manufacturer, and hes not been standardized. However, a maximum value Is. controlled by the tangenoy of a radius and the tool flank at the working depth, and tangency with the ‘oot circle at the whole depth, 4 Basis for enlarged (long addendum) Pinions: 4,1 Enlargement, Ae (Ax) Pinions with small numbers ofteeth are enlarged 80 that a standard tooth thiokness rack with an en- largedaddendumof (1.0 +0.05)/ryj{(1.0 +0.05) m,] *[] Numbers in brackote refor to the references in annex E. or Ger MantAGMA 1003-6 93 MM 0667575 0003272 35b . ‘ANSVAGMA 1003-093 vill start contact & degrees above the base radius. ‘The use of (0.05) extra addendum provides an a fowance for center distance variation and eccentrio~ tty of mating gear 0.0. The 5 degrees avols the Use of the involute in the area near the base circle, ‘A corresponding increase in tooth thickness is made along with the addendum enlargement. NOTE ~ CAUTION should be exercised in using larged pinions in speed increasing drives to avoid ex- ‘cessive friction, deflection, and possible lookup. ‘Table 2 — Diametral pitch, standard tooth proportions and formulas (Inch system) Flot radius, na Tooth thickness, fn ‘at standard pitch diameter Pq. Is transvorse diametral pitch; a's normal diametral pitch; 1 Itransverse tooth thickness at standard pitch diameter; tq, Isnormal tooth thiokness at standard pitch diameter; p_{stransverse ofroular ptch; “Tooth proportions tem Spur Helical Addendum, a 1@ 1m Dedendum, & aa +0.002 im +0,002 Working depth, hy 200 a= Whole depth, Clearance, ¢ (standard) ‘Pq. 1 normal circular pitch; ¥. Ishelix angle; We number of teeth, Np is number of pinion teeth; ‘Ng Is number of gear teeth; ¢ is profile angle; 4n_ le normel profile angle. Coptic by te Ata Geor Horfatre dat DB 142298 1998AGMA 003-6 93 MM Ob87575 0003273 222 mm ANSVAGMA 1003-493 Table 2M — Module, standard tooth proportions and formulas (metric system) ‘Tooth proportions Tem ‘Spur Helical ‘Addendum, hi 1.000 ter 1.000 my Dedenaur, fi 1.200 myy + 0.05 1.200 my + 0.05 Working depth, fy, 2.000 mer 2.000 mip Whole depth, 2200 my +005 2.200 my 0.05 Clearance, ¢ eer 0.200 my +0.05 0.200 m,+0.05 Fillet radius, Fax Taare Trine, Tooth thickness, 5) am, Emp al standard pitch diameter 8a z Formulas iroular pitch, p,B, Bx Fm m= My Pitch diameter, zMme am e (@tandord) 8B de de (242) m zMy Outside diameter, dy ‘et Sate, + 2am Root diameter, dy (2-24) myy = 0.100 ae = @A my) -0.100 m Center distance, a a tt ‘Gtandard) 2 Met 26058 y, ‘where 4, istransverse tooth thickness at 2, 1s normal circular pitoh; standard pitch diameter; fis helix angle; 4's normal tooth thickness at 2” is number of teeth; standard pitch diameter, 2, is number of pinion teeth; ‘mee is transverse module; 2, {number of gear teeth; ‘my, 18 normal modu 4, is profile angle; Jy is transvarso ciroular pith; 0%, 18 normal profilo angio. Cots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 4.2 Form diameter ‘Teeth designed in accordance with this etandard will have an involute profile between the 6 degree form diameter (see figures 2 and) and that point where tip chamfer or edge round begins. or Ger Mant ‘The form diameter provides more than enough length of involute profile for meshing with any mat- ing gear, including a rack. ‘Any special tp rellef or modification of involute pro- file to suit design or operational requirements is be- yond the scope of this standard.AGNA L003-G 93 MM Ob47575 OO03274 15 mm ANSVAGMA 1003-683 Table 8 Standard diametral pitch tooth dimensions (Inch systom, in) iT: [sl] [*|[.«|7 ,. |] @ Pima | Chel” | ahickness | “eer? | Wale |otamee Addendum Deena | 20 0.18708 | 0.07854 | 0.1000 | 0.1120 | 0.0120 | 0.0500 | 0.0620 2 0.19090 | 0.08545 | 0.0893 | 0.0957 | 0.0108 | 0.0417 | 0.0820 we o.og18 | 0.04909 | 0.0625 | 0.0708 | 0.0083 | 0.0313 | 0.0905 40 0.07854 | 0.03927 | 0.0500 | 0.0570 | 0.0070 | 0.0260 | 0.0320 ) 40 0.06645 | 0.03272 | 0.0417 | 0.0478 | o.0062 | 0.0208 | 0.0270 oa 04909 | 0.02454 | 0.0312 | 0.0364 | 0.0051 | o.o1ss | 0.0208 2 0.04909 | o.2tez | o.027e | o.0a26 | 0.0048 | oorse | 0.0187 280 0.03927 | 0.01964 | 0.0250 | 0.0295 | 0.0045 | 0.0125 | 0.0170 96 o.os272 | o.o1e6 | 0.0208 | 0.0249 | 0.0041 | o.oror | 0.0145 120 o.o26te | o.ors09 | 0.0167 | 0.0203 | 0.0037 | 0.0083 | 0.0120 NOTE — All dimensions are given in hohe. ‘Table 3M - Standard module tooth dimensions (metric system, mm) e 1 2 a 4 5 6 7 8 Module | Cumuier | Circular ) Working | Whole | ciearance | Adttondum | Dedendum Tas] aaaro | 10605 | 2s [2000 | asco | tase] amo 10 | a1416 | 15708 | 2000 | 2250 | 0250 1.000 1.250 og | 28274 | 14187 | 1800 | 2030 | 0230 0.900 1.180 os | 25ta3 | 12566 | 1.600 | 1810 | o2t0 0.800 4.010 07 | 24901 | 1.0996 | 1400 | 1690 | 0.190 0.700 0.890 06 1.0850 | 0.9425 | 1200 | 1370 | 0.170 0.600 0770 os | 15708 | 07864 | 1.000 | 1.150 | 0.180 0.600 0.850 oa | 1.2506 | 06283 | os00 | 0930 | 0.130 0.400 0.530 os | 0945 | oa7t2 | 0600 | o710 | oto 0.900 0.40 02 | 06283 | 03142 | 0400 | 0490 | 0.090 0.200 200 NOTEAl dimonelone are given hr rilmeters, e Coptic by te Ata Geor Horfatre dat DB 142298 199843 Limit diamotor ‘The limit diameter is based on the actual contact, with a mating gear at the operating or working cen- tor distance, It may be shown on the drawing as an optional specification thereby confining inspection to functional requirements. 4.4 Top land, 1, (s,) Inordor to avoid sharp tips and maintain a minimum, top landfor strength and durability purposes, the en- larged addendum (enlarged outside diameter) lere- duced from the computed enlargement in the case of pinions with very small numbers of teeth. In this ‘tandard, the recommended minimum top land is NvoLuTE PROFILE START OF AC. TE PROFILE (SAP) FILET ZONE AGHA 1003-6 93 WMH Ob87575 0003275 OTS Ml 4 ita? Oiainerer FORM DIAMETER LLELLEL BASE “DinNeTER ANSVAGMA 1002-G99 0.2761 (0.278 typ) for spur gears and 0.278/Pag (0.275 m,) for helical gears. For power gearing, good design practice limits the ratio ofthe top lands ina mesh. 45 Undercut Conditions of undercut were computed by means of the Davis method [2], and cross checked by the Khiralla equations [8]. Undercut is avoided by ad- dendum enlargement. ‘The addendum enlargement, Ac (4/,), satisfies the requirement that any radial height underout above the base circle must not exceed the 5 degree form diameter. See figures 2 and 3, ‘CORNER ROUND Figure 2 — Form diameter on undercut teeth TOP LAND) INvoLUTE PROFILE or Ger Mant Cots by te Aa dat DB 142298 1998 tint BrAMeTER FOAM DiaineTER UML HOOT BiaMeTER 227 se METER Figure 9 - Form diameter on fillet blend teeth TWP CHAMFER,ANSVAGMA 1003-493 4.8 Root diameter, D, (d;) SSinoe this system is based on the use of a standard rack, the root diameter derives from the computed (not truncated) outside diameter of the pinion and the outside diameter (feduced) ofthe gear. The root diameter is specified as a maximum dimension and generally is not toleranced. Highly stressed gears. Tay require some limit, but would be used in con- junction with @ controlled root filet radius as acd- tional epectfication. 4.7 Mating gear (standerd) ‘The mating gear to an enlarged pinion may be a ‘standard gear, in which case the center distance ‘must be enlarged for operation. CAUTION ~ The contercltance for tight mech (zero baoldach) doos not provide the standard laarance. It lothorofore necessary to inoreaeethe enfarged center slstanoe ifthe standard clearance is desired. When doing so, the mash will incur some backlash increase at the new working center distance. See annex D. 4.8 Mating gear (reduced — short addendum) ‘The mating gear oan be meshed at standard center distanoe by reducing the mate In the same manner and amount used to enlarge the pinion (except trun- ‘cationvof top land), 4.9 Formula for enlargement of spur pinions ag = 195=05.Np sin in cor 9 tan 5°) Qy (3) Ax <[1.05-05 zysineg(sin Og co# dgtan 5°} GM) t= Bear wuld) 55 Btds (AM) Ate 2de (and) (8) ‘Ass 2Ax(any) (mM) AGMA 1003-6 93 BH ObS7575 OOO327b 73) ma Aq =he 46)" Ann a om" where Np (z;)__ is number of pinion teeth; 4 (oq) isprofile angle, transverse; 4s (As) _Istooth thickness enlargement; ‘Aa (Aha) is addendum enlargement; Ae (Ax) is enlargement = AC; AC (dag) is center distance enlargement with reok, NOTE — Equation is takon from reference [4] and contains a mathematical eror in the use of “tan 5°. This should have been ‘tan 4.98728", which fs the ‘equivalent preesure angle for 5 dagrees of rll angle. “The use of Yan 5™ provides a roll angle of 5.01273°. ‘Since the purpose is to avoid contact in this region, t provides « slight extra allowance. ‘To avold wholosalo tabular corrections to long stand- Ing deta, the origital equation has been retained. “The & degree form diameter is based on the use of & 1.08 addendum rack, and is equivalent tothe limit c= ‘ameter with this rack. 4.9.1 Equations for tables (unit pitch) ** ‘The following equations are used to determine the Values in tables 4 and 5: ‘Aa = 1.05~0,5N sin gin g cos @ tan 5°] Ah, = 108-05 sin agfsin org 00s Oytan 5°] (7M) Ry =N+2@da) ey" 4 =77220d4) (eM) @ = ttb0 9)" OM)" (10) a, = arde (40M) D, = N-2A 2 2de acts 4 = 1-2 a DAs (ty * Nominal equation, modified when pinion tooth Is truncated for minimum top tand. ** Sign determined by enlargement or reduction from standard. *** Actual root diameter is decreased by 0.004 in (0.10 mm). Cots by te Aa oe dat DB 1 or Ger MantAGHA 1003-6 93 MM 0687575 0003277 973 mm f = 0.275 min (found by iteration of Dg) (12) e 0.275 min (ound by iteration of de) (12M) (13) 1 to = Dy (Ce + io-inrs) + iavay—inve) 9M) (14) (14M) Na jp- Op casey + VDjq-Q 0088)" ae 2Csind ~ “Bp eos> Vana oweg) Vag aenayy (15) - 0 (15M) Tp csey mer Vip Op ema Vig oma Tpecosd 2Gysin 6, - ee (19) Vit ah Vig gente ‘ea me 77 ost, Dag sin ig - ae (16M) where fg.) Istooth thickness et outside diamet Cots by te Aa dat DB 142298 1998 or Ger Mant ANSVAGMA 1003-093, (@,) Is pressure angle at outside % ae diameter; mm, (¢p) lscontact ratio; Dap. Dez is outside diameter of pinion, gear; Garda) Dp.Dg ts standard pitch diameter of pinion, Gy a) gear, Pp @)_ isciroular pitch; © @_isconter distance (standard). See equation 17; (@q) is calculated tight mesh contact me) ag Gq) _ is calculated tight mesh center distance; %- (a,)_ Is transverse pressure angle at ea elculated tight mesh center dates (enarged). 4.10 Standard center distance (for standard ‘spur gears) Standard gears, made to standard tooth propor- tions without modification of addendum, deden- dum, of tooth thiokness (other than for backlash), are run at standard center distance, Data is shown without an allowance for backash. Np Ng _ (17) fate (17M) 2 4.11 Standard center distance (for enlarged ‘spur pinions and reduced gears) ‘The data inthis standard provide the proper dimen- sional adjustment of each mating member to allow them to run at the same (standard) center distance as unmodified (standard) gears. Data is shown ‘without an allowance for backlash. ‘Table 4 provides data for enlarged pinions, and ta- ble 6 provides data for reduced gears. Tho advantages of this system are: no change in center distance Is required; operating pressure at le remains standard; and the contact ratio is slightly greater than if he center distance were in= creased. Inmost oases whero gear traina include idler gears, ‘the standard center distance cannot be used with enlarged gears. "