04.
01 Processes That Shape the Earth Guided Notes
Objectives:
In the lesson you will:
define the three main types of rock
list and describe the processes in the rock cycle
explore how the rock cycle creates new rock types from existing rock types
explain how Earth's surface is built up and torn down through the rock cycle
apply rock characteristics to identify rock types
Big Ideas:
Key Questions and Terms Notes
What is sediment and debris, and what role Sediment and debris are just little pieces of
does it play in the way sedimentary rock rock and sand that go flying around until they
forms? fall, and eventually are made into sedimentary
rock.
How does metamorphic rock form? Metamorphic rock is formed when any other
type of rock is exposed to intense heat and
pressure.
How do magma and lava contribute to the Magma and lava turn into igneous rock when
formation of igneous rock? they cool down.
What is the difference between the formation Intrusive Igneous rock cools down
and characteristics of intrusive igneous rock underneath the surface slowly, while
and extrusive igneous rock? extrusive igneous rock cools down fast from
lava on the surface.
What are some examples of three types of Limestone is an example of sedimentary
rock found on Earth? rock, Granite is an example of igneous rock,
and marble is an example of metamorphic
Sedimentary: rock.
Metamorphic:
Igneous:
What is geologic time, and what does it have Geological time is time based on rock layers.
to do with rocks?
What is the difference between a subsurface A subsurface event is an event under the
and a surface event? List an example of each surface like when metamorphic rock is made.
from the rock cycle. A surface event is like when sedimentary rock
is formed from gathered sediment.
Describe how each of these geological Heat and pressure turns rocks into
processes affect rocks as part of the rock metamorphic rock, weathering, erosion, and
cycle: deposition makes sediments. Melting and
cooling of magma and lava make Igneous
Heat and pressure: rock. Compacting and cementing creates
Weathering, erosion, and deposition: sedimentary rock, and uplift and exposure
Melting and cooling: causes igneous rock to cool.
Compacting and cementing:
Uplift and exposure:
How does the rock cycle transform rocks Using the processes listed above.
from one type to another?
For each key characteristic, list whether it is Fossils are found in sedimentary rock
found in sedimentary, igneous, or Crystals are found in metamorphic rock
metamorphic rock: Gas bubbles are found in igneous rock
Glassy surface is found in igneous rock
Fossils: Foliation is found in metamorphic rock
Crystals: Sand or pebbles are found in sedimentary
Gas bubbles: rock.
Glassy surface:
Foliation:
Sand or pebbles:
The Rock Cycle Video:
Key Questions and Terms Notes
What type of rock is marble? How is it It is metamorphic rock formed from
formed? limestone.
How is magma formed? High temperatures liquify rock, and
transform it into magma.
How do volcanic eruptions create rock? Magma solidifies into igneous rock.
