The factors that contribute to this fear of freedom in the oppressed are
multifaceted:
Internalization of the oppressor: As mentioned, the oppressed internalize the image
and consciousness of the oppressor, leading to a duality in their innermost being.
They are simultaneously themselves and the oppressor they have absorbed. This
internal conflict makes it difficult to embrace freedom, which would necessitate
rejecting this internalized oppressor.
Dependence: The oppressed often develop an emotional and practical dependence
on the oppressor. They may feel incapable of acting independently or making their
own choices. Freedom would require them to confront this dependence and take
responsibility for their lives, which can be frightening.
Belief in the oppressor's power: The oppressed may hold a diffuse, magical belief
in the invulnerability and power of the oppressor. This makes the prospect of
challenging the oppressor and taking control of their own lives seem impossible and
terrifying. They may lack confidence in their own ability to be free.
Prescribed behavior: Oppression involves the prescription of behavior, where the
oppressor imposes their choices upon the oppressed, shaping the latter's consciousness
to conform. Freedom requires stepping outside these prescribed roles and creating
their own ways of being, which can be met with anxiety and uncertainty.
1. The Burden of Choice and Responsibility:
Anxiety of Decision-Making:
Freedom often involves making choices, which can be overwhelming and stressful, especially
when faced with uncertainty or the possibility of making a wrong decision.
Fear of Failure:
The possibility of failure or not achieving desired outcomes can lead to a fear of freedom, as
it means taking risks and potentially facing setbacks.
The Need for Structure and Control:
Some individuals may feel more comfortable with a structured environment and prefer
external rules and guidance rather than taking on the responsibility of self-direction.
2. Psychological Factors:
Low Self-Esteem:
Individuals with low self-esteem may fear freedom because they doubt their ability to
succeed or make good choices, leading them to feel inadequate.
Insecurity and Uncertainty:
The inherent uncertainty and potential challenges associated with freedom can trigger
feelings of insecurity and anxiety.
Fear of the Unknown:
Freedom often involves stepping outside of comfort zones and venturing into unfamiliar
territory, which can be intimidating and lead to a fear of the unknown.
3. Cultural and Societal Influences:
Emphasis on Conformity:
Some cultures or societies may prioritize conformity and adherence to social norms over
individual autonomy, potentially discouraging individuals from embracing freedom.
Lack of Support and Resources:
If an individual lacks the necessary support, resources, or guidance to navigate the challenges
of freedom, they may feel more hesitant or fearful.
Negative Experiences with Freedom:
Past experiences where freedom has led to negative outcomes (e.g., financial instability,
relationship problems) can create a fear of repeating those experiences.
4. Other Contributing Factors:
Psychological Reactance:
The tendency to resist or rebel against attempts to control our freedom can manifest as a fear
of freedom.
The Illusion of Stability:
Some individuals may cling to familiar situations and structures, even if they are not
fulfilling, because they fear the instability of freedom.
The Desire for External Validation:
The need for external approval or validation can lead individuals to avoid taking risks or
making choices that might deviate from societal expectations, thus limiting their freedom.
In essence, the fear of freedom in the oppressed is a direct consequence of the dehumanizing
nature of oppression. It is a barrier that must be overcome through critical reflection
(conscientizagao) and transformative action (praxis) so that both the oppressed and the
oppressors can move towards full humanization.
