pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 1

This print-out should have 34 questions. A 0.72 kg physics book with dimensions of
Multiple-choice questions may continue on 33.2 cm by 15.6 cm is on a table.
the next column or page – find all choices What force does the book apply to the
before answering. table? The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
Answer in units of N.
001 10.0 points
Why do ice cubes float? 008 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
What pressure does the book apply?
1. Ice cubes are in a solid state. Answer in units of Pa.

2. Ice cubes are less dense than water. 009 10.0 points
A pipe contains water at 5.5 × 105 Pa above
3. Ice cubes are lighter than water. atmospheric pressure.
If you patch a 3.21 mm diameter hole in the
002 10.0 points pipe with a piece of bubble gum, how much
Air within the funnel of a large tornado may force must the gum be able to withstand?
have a pressure of only 0.46 atm. Answer in units of N.
What is the approximate outward force F
on a 11 m × 4.8 m wall if a tornado suddenly 010 10.0 points
envelopes the house? Atmospheric pressure is If a 1-megaton nuclear weapon is exploded
1.013 × 105 Pa. at ground level, the peak overpressure (that
Answer in units of N. is, the pressure increase above normal atmo-
spheric pressure) will be 0.2 atm at a distance
003 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points of 6 km.
In a car lift used in a service station, com- What force due to such an explosion will be
pressed air exerts a force on a small piston exerted on the side of a house with dimensions
of circular cross-section having a radius of 4.07 m × 12.6 m?
4.38 cm. This pressure is transmitted by a Answer in units of N.
liquid to a second piston of radius 18 cm.
What force must the compressed air exert 011 10.0 points
in order to lift a car weighing 12400 N?
Answer in units of N. The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a
cross-sectional area of 8.2 cm2 and the large
004 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points piston has an area of 74 cm2 , as in the figure
What air pressure will produce this force? below.
Answer in units of Pa.
F
005 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
How much pressure is applied to the ground
by a 59 kg man who is standing on square area
8.2 cm2
stilts that measure 0.04 m on each edge?
Answer in units of Pa.
74 cm2
006 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
What is this pressure in pounds per square
inch? What force F must be applied to the small
Answer in units of lb/in2 . piston to maintain the load of 72 kN at a
constant elevation?
007 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
 pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 2
Answer in units of N. 4. All three will float.

012 10.0 points 5. only the wood

In a machine shop, a hydraulic lift is used to
raise heavy equipment for repairs. The sys- 6. only the mercury and the steel
tem has a small piston with a cross-sectional
area of 0.054 m2 and a large piston with a 7. only the wood and the steel
cross-sectional area of 0.229 m2 . An engine
weighing 3500 N rests on the large piston. 8. only the steel
What force must be applied to the small
piston in order to lift the engine? 016 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points
Answer in units of N. Which substance(s) will float when placed in
mercury?
013 10.0 points
A column of water in a vertical pipe has a 1. None will float.
cross-sectional area of 0.28 m2 and a weight
of 754 N. What is the increase in pressure (in 2. only the water
Pa) from the top to the bottom of the pipe?
Answer in units of Pa. Your answer must 3. All three will float.
be within ± 3.0%
4. only the wood and the water
014 10.0 points
A hollow brass tube has outer diameter D = 5. only the steel
1.8 cm. The tube is sealed at one end and
loaded with lead shot to give it a total mass 6. only the wood and the steel
of M = 17 g. The tube floats in water (of
density 1 g/cm3 ) in vertical position, loaded 7. only the water and the steel
end down.
What is the depth of the bottom end of the 8. only the wood
tube?
Answer in units of cm. 017 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points
If all four substances are placed in one con-
015 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points tainer, how will they be arranged from top to
Consider the table of densities. bottom?

Substance Density (g/cm3 ) 1. mercury, steel, water, wood

Water 1.0
Wood 0.8 2. steel, mercury, water, wood
Steel 7.8
Mercury 13.5 3. wood, water, mercury, steel
Which substance(s) will float when placed
in water? 4. wood, steel, mercury, water

5. None of these
1. only the mercury
6. water, mercury, steel, wood
2. only the wood and the mercury
7. wood, water, steel, mercury
3. None will float.
 pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 3
018 10.0 points
A block of aluminum with a volume of 8.5
cm3 is placed in a beaker of water filled to
the brim and sinks. Water overflows. The
same happens in another beaker with a 8.5
cm3 block of lead.
The lead will displace (more, less, the same
amount of) water than the aluminum block
does.

1. the same 2.2 kg

2. more

3. It cannot be determined without a direct

measurement.

4. less

019 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points

An empty rubber balloon has a mass of Find the equilibrium reading of the spring
0.0114 kg. The balloon is filled with he- scale of the upper scale. The acceleration of
lium at 0◦ C, 1 atm pressure, and a density of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 .
0.179 kg/m3 . The filled balloon has a radius Answer in units of N.
of 0.436 m.
What is the magnitude of the buoyant force 022 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
acting on the balloon? The acceleration of Find the equilibrium reading of the lower
gravity is 9.81 m/s2 . scale.
Answer in units of N. Answer in units of N.

020 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points 023 10.0 points

What is the magnitude of the net force acting A 2.6 cm thick bar of soap is floating in water,
on the balloon? with 2.340 cm of the bar underwater. Bath
Answer in units of N. oil with a density of 893.3 kg/m3 is added and
floats on top of the water.
021 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points What is the depth of the oil layer when the
A 1.4 kg beaker containing 1.8 kg of oil with a top of the soap is just level with the upper
density of 944 kg/m3 rests on a scale. A 2.2 kg surface of the oil?
block of iron with a density of 7860 kg/m3 is Answer in units of m.
suspended from a spring scale and completely
submerged in the oil. 024 10.0 points
Bernoulli’s equation can be derived from con-
servation of

1. pressure.

2. linear momentum.

3. kinetic energy.
 pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 4

4. potential energy.
Z Y
5. total mechanical energy.

vZ vY
6. angular momentum.
dY
dZ
025 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
A liquid of density 1122 kg/m3 flows with Which statement is correct?
speed 1.74 m/s into a pipe of diameter 0.1 m .
The diameter of the pipe decreases to 0.05 m 1. The squirt at Z is higher than that at
at its exit end. The exit end of the pipe is Y.
5.32 m lower than the entrance of the pipe,
and the pressure at the exit of the pipe is 2. The squirt at Y is higher than that at
1.1 atm . Z.
P1 3. Both squirts have the same height.

028 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

P2 1.1 atm Which statement is correct?
1.74 m/s 5.32 m
0.1 m
1. vZ < vY .

v2 2. vZ = vY .
0.05 m
3. vZ > vY .
What is the velocity v2 of the liquid flowing
out of the exit end of the pipe? Assume the
029 10.0 points
viscosity of the fluid is negligible and the fluid An incompressible fluid is flowing through a
is incompressible. The acceleration of gravity
horizontal tube which, at some point has a
is 9.8 m/s2 and Patm = 1.013 × 105 Pa.
constriction such that the area of the tube
Answer in units of m/s.
becomes much smaller.
026 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
Applying Bernoulli’s principle, what is the
pressure P1 at the entrance end of the pipe? A B
Answer in units of Pa.

027 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points

Water flows through a circular pipe with a How do the fluid pressure and speed of flow
wide and a narrow cross sections as shown compare at point B in the constricted region
below. Some water squirts from tiny leaks at to their values at point A in the normal part
points Z and Y . of the tube?

1. At point A, the speed of flow is less but

the pressure is less at point B.

2. The pressure and speed of flow are both

much greater at point A than at point B.
 pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 5

p
3. The pressure and speed of flow are both 7. 2gh
much greater at point B than at point A.
"  2 #
p A0
4. Because the fluid is incompressible, the 8. 2gh 1+ 2
A
pressure and speed of flow must be constant
throughout the tube. 9. (A − A0 ) ρ g h
5. At point B, the speed of flow is less but  
p 1
the pressure is greater than at point A. 10. 2gh 1 + A20
2
030 10.0 points
031 10.0 points
A container of liquid of density ρ has a surface A fireman climbs a 8 m high ladder carrying a
area A exposed to normal atmospheric pres-
4 in diameter hose that has a 0.6 in diameter
sure. A distance h below the surface of the
nozzle. The pump has an absolute pressure of
liquid is a tiny hole of area A0 . The depth of
3 atm .
the liquid in the container is H.
What is the water velocity from the nozzle?
Assume that water is incompressible, its den-
A sity is 1000 kg/m3 , and 1 inch = 0.0254 m.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 and 1
h atm = 1.01 × 105 Pa.

H 1. v2 = 0.532962 m/s

2. v2 = 23.6752 m/s

3. v2 = 15.7186 m/s

If A0 ≪ A, which expression correctly gives 4. v2 = 0.353848 m/s

the velocity v0 (in terms of only g, h, H, A0
and A) at which the fluid escapes through the 5. v2 = 15.7266 m/s
1
hole of area A0 ? ≈ 1 + n x if x ≪ 1. 6. v2 = 11.1147 m/s
(1 − x)n
1. Not enough information is provided to 7. v2 = 0.532693 m/s
produce an answer.
p 8. v2 = 23.6872 m/s
2. 2 g (H + h)
p 9. v2 = 0.353669 m/s
3. 2 g (H − h)
10. v2 = 11.1204 m/s
"  2 #
p 1 A0
4. 2gh 1+ 032 10.0 points
2 A
When a person inhales, air moves down the
p
5. g h windpipe at 10.3 cm/s. The average flow
speed of the air doubles when passing through
"  2 # a constriction in the bronchus.
p 1 A0 Assuming incompressible flow, determine
6. 2 g h 1 −
2 A the pressure drop in the constriction. The
 pangod (lp29776) – Fluids – fox – (AP1Fox) 6

density of air is 1.29 kg/m3 .

Answer in units of Pa.

033 10.0 points

A water tank with a valve at the bottom is
shown. Assume the cross-sectional area at A
is very large compared with that at B, and
the acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 .

280 cm
A

10 cm
B
9.5 m

∆ymax
value

6m

◦
54 x

If this valve is opened, what is the maxi- Figure: Not drawn to scale.
mum height ∆ymax (above the opening of the
If you hold your wine glass at the same
spigot) attained by the water stream coming
height level as the bottom of the barrel, how
out of the discharge spigot (at B)?
far away from the tap do you have to hold the
Answer in units of m.
glass so that the wine stream hits it exactly?
Answer in units of cm.
034 10.0 points
You are visiting a winery for a wine tasting. A
large storage barrel (diameter 4.7 m) is filled
to a height of 280 cm . The barrel has on its
top a small hole to guarantee contact with the
atmospheric pressure. The tap of the barrel
is at a height of 10 cm from the bottom of the
barrel. The opening of the tap faces towards
you and does not point downward.