FC-07 2

[Technical Calculations]
Calculation of Life Span of Linear Systems 2

•Load Calculations •Mean Load Derived from Fluctuating Loads  Slide Ways
Since a linear system bears the weight of the work while it performs It is necessary to take these conditions into consideration when In general, the load acting upon a linear system can change according Rated load for slide ways is determined by the rolling elements(numbers
a reciprocating linear motion, the load exerted on the system can selecting a linear system. to how the system is used.This happens for example when the of rollers). It can be calculated by using the following formulas:
vary depending on the work's center of gravity, thrust acting position
reciprocating motion is started, stopped as compared to constant
change, and the speed changes by starting, stopping and acceleration,
deceleration. speed motion, and whether or not work is present during transfer, One shaft is used
etc. Therefore, in order to correctly design the life span under various
Table-5. Use Conditions and Load Calculation Formulas Load Direction
conditions and fluctuating loads, it is necessary to obtain a mean load
Type Condition of Use and Load Type Condition of Use and Load and apply it to the life span calculations.
(1) When load changes in steps by a travel distance(Fig-3)
Horizontal Axis Perpendicular to Horizontal Axis
Travel distance ℓ1 subjected to load P1 Dynamic Load Rating
( Z2 ) ·C
3/4
P 1 P 2 P 1 P2 P1 C= 1
Travel distance ℓ2 subjected to load P2    (N)
W P 1S P 2S P2
P 1S·P 2S

…
y0

Y
P 3 W P4 W Travel distance ℓn subjected to load Pn
P3 Static Load Rating
P 3
0
P 4
3
P 3S 0 P 4S
P4
P 3S·P 4S
Mean load Pm can be obtained using the following formula:
   (N)
C O= ( Z2 ) ·C O1

W X ℓ1
3
1
P m= (P 1 3 ℓ 1+P 23 ℓ 2… +Pn 3 ℓn)
ℓ1 ℓ
P 1=P 2=P 3 =P 4= W One shaft is used
1 P 1 P 3 P 2 P 4 2X
X Pm : Mean Load Derived from Fluctuating Loads(N) ℓ : Total Travel Distance(m) vertically
1 0
Load Direction
P 1S=P 3S= W+ W (2) When load changes almost linearly(Fig-4)
4 2X
1 0 y0 1 0
P 1= W+ W+ W P 2S=P 4S= W- W Mean load Pm can be approximated by the following formula:
4 2X 2Y 4 2X
1 0 y0 1
P 2= W- W+ W In Acceleration, Deceleration P m≈ (P min+2·P max)
4 2X 2Y 3 Dynamic Load Rating
( Z2 ) ·C ·2
3/4
P 1 P 2 v1 C= 7/9
1 0 y0 Pmin  : Min. Fluctuating Load (N)    (N)
1
P 3= W+ W- W
4 2X 2Y W Pmax: Max. Fluctuating Load(N)

Velocity
1 0 y0 Thrust
P 4= W- W- W (3) 3When the load change resembles a sinusoidal curve as shown in Fig-5
Static Load Rating
( 2 ) ·C
4 2X 2Y (mm/sec) t1 t2 t3 Z
(a), (b), Mean Load Pm can be approximated by the following formula: C O= O1 ·2
P3 P4 t    (N)
Vertical Axis W
Time (sec) Fig-5(a)Pm≈0.65Pmax
Direction of Travel Fig-5(b)Pm≈0.75Pmax
1

P1 P3
Two shafts are
ℓ

P 1S P 3S P1
P1 P3 P2 P4
Load Direction
P3 used in parallel
Thrust

Thrust

4 X Thrust  Slide Guides

•Acceleration at Starting P 1=P 3=
1
(
W 1+
2V 1 ·ℓ 1
) Rated life span is the total travel distance each linear guide of the
X

W W 4 g·t 1·X
same series can endure under the same conditions, without the
W ( 1- )
2 P 2S P 4S P2 1 2V 1 ·ℓ 1
P 2=P 4= occurrence of flaking in 90% of the system.
P4 4 g·t 1·X Dynamic Load Rating
( Z2 ) ·C ·2
3/4
C= 7/9
W ( 1- )
P2 y0 P4 1 2V 1 ·ℓ 1 Rated life span can be obtained as follows from the basic dynamic 1
ℓ1 •Deceleration at Stopping P 1=P 3=    (N)
4 g·t 3·X load rating and the load to the slide guide.
W ( 1+ )
ℓ1 1 2V 1 ·ℓ 1
P 2=P 4=
( ff C
) ·50
3
P 1=P 2=P 3=P 4= W g·t 3·X T
4 Static Load Rating
( 2 ) ·C
2X L= · (1) Z
1 w P C O= O1 ·2
y0 •Constant Speed P 1=P 2=P 3=P 4= W    (N)
P 1S=P 2S=P 3S=P 4S= W 4 L : Rated Life Span(km) C : Basic dynamic load rating(N)
2X g:Gravitational Acceleration=9.8×10 mm/sec2
3
fT : Temperature Coefficient(See Fig-2) P : Acting Load(N) C1 : Basic Dynamic Load Rating per Roller(N)
W :Acting Load(N) P1,P2,P3,P4:Load applied to the Linear System(N) fw : Load Coefficient(See Fig-4) CO1 : Basic Static Load Rating per Roller(N)
X,Y: Linear System Span(mm) V :Moving Speed(mm/sec) The life span hours can be computed as a number of hours by obtaining the Z : Number or Rolling Elements
t1 :Acceleration Time(sec) t3:Deceleration Time(sec) travel distance for a unit of time.It can be obtained using the following formula,
in which stroke length and stroke cycles are assumed to be constant. The life span for slide ways is calculated by using the following formula.
Fig-3. Stepped Load Fluctuation Fig-4. Flat Fluctuation Load Fig-5. Sinusoidal Load Fluctuation
( f T ·C
)
10/3
L·10 3 L= ·50
Lh= (2) fw·P
P1
(a) (b)
2·ℓs·n1·60
Lh : Life Span Hours(hr) ℓs : Stroke Length(m) L : Life Span Hours(km) C : Dynamic Load Rating(N)
P2
L : Rated Life Span(km) n1 : Reciprocating Times per Minute(cpm) fT : Temperature Coefficient(See Fig-2) P : Acting Load(N)
fw : Load Coefficient(See Fig-4)
P P P P

Pn Life Span Hours

ℓ1 ℓ2 ℓ ℓ ℓ ℓ L·10 3
n
L h=
ℓ 2·ℓs·n1·60
Lh : Life Span Hours(hr) ℓs: Stroke Length(m)
2805 L  : Life Span Hours(km) n1: Reciprocating Times per Minute(cpm) 2806

FC-07-1_E+.indd 2805-2806 08.4.22 7:51:20 PM