7.

MILITARY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF NAVAL, ARCHITECHTURE AND MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME 254 (HYDRODYNAMICS SESSIONAL)
Experiment No. 9 (a)
Ideal flow around a submerged flow

9.1 General:
Laminar flow visualization allows a complete study of the bi-dimensional problems
associated to the laminar flow, by the visualization of the different model flow, which can be
visualized with the help of an efficient system of ink injection. It consists on an enlargement
of the device of Hale-Shaw.

9.2 Theory:
In most of the studies of fluids, they are considered as “ideal” (rejecting some of their
properties as variables to be considered), and text, the theoretical values obtained are
adjusted with correction factors experimentally obtained.
The laminar flow table is designed to show the flow of a fluid in a bi-dimensional plane. A
slow fluid speed and a small space between the upper and lower badges will give as a result
a low value for the number of Reynolds. Since the number of Reynolds is the relation of the
inertia forces and the viscous ones, the first one can be rejected, so the flow reached
depends completely on the potential. This condition gives a close simulation of an ideal flow
and the models of flow obtained can be considered as an ideal flow. Since the flow depends
on the potential, the flow table can be used to simulate any system that obeys to the
Equation of Laplace.
For example, the bi-dimensional stable heat flow can be demonstrated, representing the
potential and the difference of temperature in the system.
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9.3 Objectives:

1. Study of ideal flow around submerged bodies.

9.4 Apparatus:

Laminar flow demonstration unit,Cylinder, Hydraulic bench, Stop watch etc.

Laminar flow demonstration unit Hydraulic Bench

9.5 Procedure:
- In the overflow badge, the control value will have to be adjusted to give the
minimum value of the available stable flow, without admitting air between the glass
badges. This will provide conditions of almost ideal flow. Install the system of
coloring liquid injection as described in the section of installation. When entering the
models in the test section, they should be placed in the center of the test section,
using the grid of the superior glass barge, to line the coloring liquid injector. Be
especially careful when lowering the upper glass barge. Once the object to be
observed is adjusted, the adjustment value of the coloring liquid will be opened and
adjusted to give currents for the coloring liquid clearly defined and thin, which will
indicate the relevant lines of current. The position of the lines of coloring liquid
relative to the model can have a fine adjustment, sliding carefully the laterals of the
injector to the wanted position.
- Place the cylinder in a central position of the test section with the axis in line with a
current of coloring liquid. The resulting model lines of current will have to be
symmetric, without formations of whirls or separations. The narrowing of the lines of
current in the laterals of the cylinder indicates an area of reduced pressure. The
symmetry model, in both planes, shows that there is no resulting pressure.

9.6 Discussion:
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MILITARY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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DEPARTMENT OF NAVAL, ARCHITECHTURE AND MARINE ENGINEERING

NAME 254 (HYDRODYNAMICS SESSIONAL)
Experiment 9 (b)

Ideal flow around a submersed profile

9.1 General:

Fig 7.2.1 shows a nicely "streamlined'' body (as opposed to the bluff-shaped house) in a
wind tunnel. At time to the tunnel is not running and no air is flowing. At time t 1 the tunnel
is started and air begins flowing about the body; the flow develops further at time t 2 and
finally reaches a constant pattern at time t 3. The flow appears unchanged at time t 4 and time
t5. When the flow starts. It passes through an unsteady transient state; that is. Particlepath
lines and streamlines are not the same. From time t 3 onwards a steady flow is established.
Streamlines appear fixed in position with respect to the body. A particle P shown on a
streamline at time t3 moves downstream along that streamline as shown at times t 4 and t5.
The particle pathline coincides with the streamline.

Fig: 9.1
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9.2 Apparatus:

Laminar flow demonstration unit, Cylinder,Hydraulic bench, Stop watch etc.

Laminar flow demonstration unit Hydraulic Bench

9.3 Procedure:

- The section of the surface is placed in a central position in the test section with a
small angle of incidence with the flow. The stagnation point in the guide edge must
be placed in a position adjacent to the current of the coloring liquid. A narrowing of
the spaces in the line of current should appear on the surface, and the
corresponding widening in the lower part, which shows the suction and pressure
forces in the surface, which generate an elevation. Repeat the previous process for
different angles of incidence to demonstrate the change in the stagnation point.

9.4 Discussion:
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